l11 interface
DESCRIPTION
χψφγζδφσγTRANSCRIPT
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
ABAQUSExplicitndashABAQUSStandard
Interface
Lecture 11
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L112
Overview
bull Introduction
bull Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Limitations
bull Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Introduction
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L114
Introduction
bull ABAQUS provides a capability to transfer a deformed mesh and
associated state between an ABAQUSExplicit analysis and an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L115
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard to
bull Obtain the final static configuration after a dynamic event
bull Simulate springback
bull Perform eigenvalue or buckling simulations on the formed part
Two-dimensional draw bending forming and springback analysis
Blank after forming (ABAQUSExplicit )
Springback (ABAQUSStandard )Initial assembly for forming process
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L116
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit to
bull Simulate a preloading phase where the capabilities of
ABAQUSExplicit are not needed (no contact etc)
bull Simulate further forming steps after an intermediary springback phase
bull Simulate a transient event after steady-state conditions have beenfound (eg with a steady-state transport simulation)
Tire footprint and steady-state rolling
(ABAQUSStandard)
Tire hitting curb
(ABAQUSExplicit)
Import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L117
Introduction
bull Summary of import capabilities
Fluid elements Amplitude definitions
Infinite elementsNodal transformationsRebar layers
Mass and rotary inertia elementsKinematic constraintsTemperatures
Dashpot and spring elementsOutput requestsNodes node sets
Connector elementsContact definitionsElements element sets
Mesh-independent fastenersLoadsNodal positions
Analytical rigid surfacesBoundary conditionsMaterial state
Cannot be importedNeed to be respecifiedCan be imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Initial mesh of deformable blank and rigid
tools One-quarter of the box is modeled
bull Example Deep drawing of a square box
ndash The blank undergoes large
deformations during the sheet metalforming process
ndash Once the forming process is complete
and the confining tools are removed
the blank will attempt to recover its
elastic deformation
ndash This springback phenomenon may
lead to unacceptable warping of theformed product
bull Forming tools must be designed
to compensate for springback
effects
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1110
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash For the calculation of springback associated with the sheet metal forming
processes
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end ofthe forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard calculates is the
amount of springback that occurs provided that the reference
configuration is updated
bull If it is not the displacements will be total values including theforming phases
1
2
3
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Introduction
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L114
Introduction
bull ABAQUS provides a capability to transfer a deformed mesh and
associated state between an ABAQUSExplicit analysis and an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
ABAQUSStandard
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L115
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard to
bull Obtain the final static configuration after a dynamic event
bull Simulate springback
bull Perform eigenvalue or buckling simulations on the formed part
Two-dimensional draw bending forming and springback analysis
Blank after forming (ABAQUSExplicit )
Springback (ABAQUSStandard )Initial assembly for forming process
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L116
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit to
bull Simulate a preloading phase where the capabilities of
ABAQUSExplicit are not needed (no contact etc)
bull Simulate further forming steps after an intermediary springback phase
bull Simulate a transient event after steady-state conditions have beenfound (eg with a steady-state transport simulation)
Tire footprint and steady-state rolling
(ABAQUSStandard)
Tire hitting curb
(ABAQUSExplicit)
Import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L117
Introduction
bull Summary of import capabilities
Fluid elements Amplitude definitions
Infinite elementsNodal transformationsRebar layers
Mass and rotary inertia elementsKinematic constraintsTemperatures
Dashpot and spring elementsOutput requestsNodes node sets
Connector elementsContact definitionsElements element sets
Mesh-independent fastenersLoadsNodal positions
Analytical rigid surfacesBoundary conditionsMaterial state
Cannot be importedNeed to be respecifiedCan be imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Initial mesh of deformable blank and rigid
tools One-quarter of the box is modeled
bull Example Deep drawing of a square box
ndash The blank undergoes large
deformations during the sheet metalforming process
ndash Once the forming process is complete
and the confining tools are removed
the blank will attempt to recover its
elastic deformation
ndash This springback phenomenon may
lead to unacceptable warping of theformed product
bull Forming tools must be designed
to compensate for springback
effects
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1110
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash For the calculation of springback associated with the sheet metal forming
processes
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end ofthe forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard calculates is the
amount of springback that occurs provided that the reference
configuration is updated
bull If it is not the displacements will be total values including theforming phases
1
2
3
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L115
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard to
bull Obtain the final static configuration after a dynamic event
bull Simulate springback
bull Perform eigenvalue or buckling simulations on the formed part
Two-dimensional draw bending forming and springback analysis
Blank after forming (ABAQUSExplicit )
Springback (ABAQUSStandard )Initial assembly for forming process
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L116
Introduction
ndash The deformed model can be transferred from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit to
bull Simulate a preloading phase where the capabilities of
ABAQUSExplicit are not needed (no contact etc)
bull Simulate further forming steps after an intermediary springback phase
bull Simulate a transient event after steady-state conditions have beenfound (eg with a steady-state transport simulation)
Tire footprint and steady-state rolling
(ABAQUSStandard)
Tire hitting curb
(ABAQUSExplicit)
Import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L117
Introduction
bull Summary of import capabilities
Fluid elements Amplitude definitions
Infinite elementsNodal transformationsRebar layers
Mass and rotary inertia elementsKinematic constraintsTemperatures
Dashpot and spring elementsOutput requestsNodes node sets
Connector elementsContact definitionsElements element sets
Mesh-independent fastenersLoadsNodal positions
Analytical rigid surfacesBoundary conditionsMaterial state
Cannot be importedNeed to be respecifiedCan be imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Initial mesh of deformable blank and rigid
tools One-quarter of the box is modeled
bull Example Deep drawing of a square box
ndash The blank undergoes large
deformations during the sheet metalforming process
ndash Once the forming process is complete
and the confining tools are removed
the blank will attempt to recover its
elastic deformation
ndash This springback phenomenon may
lead to unacceptable warping of theformed product
bull Forming tools must be designed
to compensate for springback
effects
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1110
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash For the calculation of springback associated with the sheet metal forming
processes
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end ofthe forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard calculates is the
amount of springback that occurs provided that the reference
configuration is updated
bull If it is not the displacements will be total values including theforming phases
1
2
3
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L117
Introduction
bull Summary of import capabilities
Fluid elements Amplitude definitions
Infinite elementsNodal transformationsRebar layers
Mass and rotary inertia elementsKinematic constraintsTemperatures
Dashpot and spring elementsOutput requestsNodes node sets
Connector elementsContact definitionsElements element sets
Mesh-independent fastenersLoadsNodal positions
Analytical rigid surfacesBoundary conditionsMaterial state
Cannot be importedNeed to be respecifiedCan be imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to
ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Initial mesh of deformable blank and rigid
tools One-quarter of the box is modeled
bull Example Deep drawing of a square box
ndash The blank undergoes large
deformations during the sheet metalforming process
ndash Once the forming process is complete
and the confining tools are removed
the blank will attempt to recover its
elastic deformation
ndash This springback phenomenon may
lead to unacceptable warping of theformed product
bull Forming tools must be designed
to compensate for springback
effects
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1110
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash For the calculation of springback associated with the sheet metal forming
processes
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end ofthe forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard calculates is the
amount of springback that occurs provided that the reference
configuration is updated
bull If it is not the displacements will be total values including theforming phases
1
2
3
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Initial mesh of deformable blank and rigid
tools One-quarter of the box is modeled
bull Example Deep drawing of a square box
ndash The blank undergoes large
deformations during the sheet metalforming process
ndash Once the forming process is complete
and the confining tools are removed
the blank will attempt to recover its
elastic deformation
ndash This springback phenomenon may
lead to unacceptable warping of theformed product
bull Forming tools must be designed
to compensate for springback
effects
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1110
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash For the calculation of springback associated with the sheet metal forming
processes
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end ofthe forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard calculates is the
amount of springback that occurs provided that the reference
configuration is updated
bull If it is not the displacements will be total values including theforming phases
1
2
3
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1111
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The forming process is simulated using ABAQUSExplicit
ndash During the analysis restart data must be written at the time when transfer of
the modelrsquos state is required (ie at the end of the forming analysis)
ndash The ABAQUSExplicit analysis will produce the following files which will be
used to import the final deformed shape of the blank into ABAQUSStandard
bull State (abq )
bull Analysis database (stt and pac)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
RESTART WRITE NUMBER INTERVAL=1
1
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1112
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash Results at the end of the ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
Mises stress contours for the bottom surface of the blank
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1113
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull The deformed mesh of the blank and its associated state at the end of the
forming process are imported into ABAQUSStandard
2
Copy the forming model into a
new modela a
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
In a text editor and begin a new
input file
HEADING
Springback Calculation
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1114
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Replace (and rename) the dynamic ABAQUSExplicit
step with a static ABAQUSStandard step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
b b Define an ABAQUSStandard
static step
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1115
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Keep blank and associated sets boundary conditions etc
ABAQUSCAE interface only
c1 Delete interactions rigid tools and associated sets
boundary conditions etc
c2
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1116
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define an initial state field to import forming
analysis results for the blank part instance
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d1 d1 Import element set BLANK from the
forming analysis
BLANK was the element set used for the blank section
definition in the original forming analysis
SHELL SECTION ELSET=BLANK
a requirement for input files not defined as
assemblies of part instances
In ABAQUSCAE and input files defined using parts
and assemblies part instances are specified for
import
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1117
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Import the initial state field from
the end of the ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d2 d2 Import the blank from the end of the
ABAQUSExplicit forming analysis
If the STEP and INTERVAL
parameters are omitted
the data would be
imported from the last
available step and interval
for which restart data were
saved
Name of the forming
analysis job
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1118
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Update the reference configuration
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YESBLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM
B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
d3 d3 Update the reference configuration
This option is used so that the reference configuration
is the deformed model prior to importing
The displacement field that ABAQUSStandard
calculates will be the amount of springback that
occurs
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1119
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Define a boundary condition to
prevent rigid body motion of the
blank in the springback step
HEADING
Springback Calculation
IMPORT STEP=1 INTERVAL=1
UPDATE=YES
BLANK
STEPNLGEOM
STATIC
011
BOUNDARY
B1YSYMM B4XSYMM
BOUNDARY TYPE=VELOCITY
CORNER 3 3 00
END STEP
ABAQUSCAE interface Keywords interface
e e Define boundary conditions for the
springback step
B1
B4
CORNER
Respecify symmetry
boundary conditions
Imported node sets
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1120
bull The springback calculation is performed in ABAQUSStandard
ndash ABAQUSCAE interface job submission
ndash Keyword interface job submission
bull At the command prompt
abaqus job=DeepDrawBox_Springback oldjob=DeepDrawBox_Form
3
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
Name of ABAQUSStandard
springback analysis input fileName of ABAQUSExplicit
forming analysis job
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1121
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
bull Equilibrium
ndash After importing the deformed blank and its current material state into
ABAQUSStandard the model will not be in static equilibrium
bull Two sets of forces contribute to this condition
ndash Dynamic forces
bull The forming process is simulated using a dynamic
procedure so inertia and damping forces are present
bull In a proper forming process simulation the state of dynamic
equilibrium is relatively close to a state of static equilibrium
ndash Boundary interaction forces
bull Changes in the boundary and contact conditions from the ABAQUSExplicit analysis to the ABAQUSStandard analysiscontribute to the lack of static equilibrium
bull Since springback involves the removal of contact conditions
this is the dominant contributing factor
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1122
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The initial out-of-balance forces are defined as those needed to achieve
static equilibrium
bull When the deformed blank is imported with the material state into
ABAQUSStandard a set of artificial internal stresses are applied that
equilibrate the imported stresses so that static equilibrium is obtainedat the start of the analysis
bull These artificial stresses are removed gradually during the springback
calculation step
bull As the stresses are removed the blank deforms further as a result of
redistribution of internal forces
bull The final (sprungback) configuration is achieved after complete
removal of the artificial stresses or initial out-of-balance forces
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
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Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1123
Import from ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard
ndash The configuration of the
box forming analysis after
springback is shown in
the figure
deformed configuration after springback
contours of displacement magnitude
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
as formed
after springback
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Import from ABAQUSStandard to
ABAQUSExplicit
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1125
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Example Blade Containment
991251 983105 983139983151983149983138983145983150983137983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140983137983150983140 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983145983155 983155983144983151983159983150 983156983151 983138983141983137983150 983141983142983142983141983139983156983145983158983141 983156983151983151983148 983142983151983154 983155983145983149983157983148983137983156983145983150983143 983137 983146983141983156983141983150983143983145983150983141 983138983148983137983140983141983085983151983157983156 983141983158983141983150983156983086
991251 983124983144983141 983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983137983155983155983141983149983138983148983161 983145983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148983148983161983155983156983137983156983145983151983150983137983154983161983086
991266 983127983141 983151983138983156983137983145983150 983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983151983142 983156983144983141 983141983150983143983145983150983141
983142983137983150 983138983148983137983140983141 983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983123983156983137983150983140983137983154983140
991266 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983151983142 983156983144983145983155 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155 983137983154983141983157983155983141983140 983137983155 983145983150983145983156983145983137983148 983139983151983150983140983145983156983145983151983150983155 983145983150 983156983144983141983140983161983150983137983149983145983139 983138983148983137983140983141 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141 983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983145983150 983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156983086
983105983106983105983121983125983123 983149983151983140983141983148 983151983142 983137983150 983137983145983154983139983154983137983142983156 983141983150983143983145983150983141983099
983138983148983137983140983141 983139983151983148983151983154983141983140 983154983141983140 983145983155 983154983141983148983141983137983155983141983140
bull The following example demonstrates the procedure for transferring
results from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1126
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Modeling approach
991251 983124983144983141 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983139983137983152983137983138983145983148983145983156983161 983145983155 983157983155983141983140 983156983151 983156983154983137983150983155983142983141983154 983156983144983141 983155983156983137983156983141 983137983155983155983151983139983145983137983156983141983140 983159983145983156983144983156983144983141 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983155983151983148983157983156983145983151983150 983142983154983151983149 983156983144983141 983145983149983152983148983145983139983145983156 983155983156983137983156983145983139 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141 983156983151 983156983144983141983141983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983140983161983150983137983149983145983139983155 983152983154983151983139983141983140983157983154983141983086
Import
ABAQUSStandard
Static procedure
Centrifugal Loading
Obtain associated stress state
fan only
ABAQUSExplicit
Import stress state
Initial Conditions Spin at appropriate velocity
Verify Steady state
Throw Blade
fan and
casing
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1127
bull The input syntax for ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit import is
very similar to ABAQUSExplicit to ABAQUSStandard already discussed
ndash Request restart data during the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143983137983150983137983148983161983155983145983155983098
ndash The ABAQUSStandard analysis will produce the following files which will
be used to import the spinning fan into ABAQUSExplicit
bull Restart (res)
bull Analysis database (stt and mdl)
bull Part (prt) and
bull Output database (odb) files
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
RESTART WRITE FREQUENCY=100
The frequency options is only
available when requesting data for an
ABAQUSStandard analysis
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1128
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash Import the ABAQUSStandard 983155983156983141983137983140983161 983155983156983137983156983141 983155983152983145983150983150983145983150983143 983154983141983155983157983148983156983155 983145983150983156983151 983156983144983141
983105983106983105983121983125983123983087983109983160983152983148983145983139983145983156 983138983148983137983140983141 983156983144983154983151983159 983149983151983140983141983148983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
The reference configuration will be
the original undeformed model
Import the fan
The sets HUB and BLADES
were used on the section
definition options for the
hub and the blades
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1129
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The engine casing which was not required in the ABAQUSStandard
steady state spinning analysis is defined in the ABAQUSExplicit blade
throw model983098
IMPORTSTEP=1 UPDATE=NO
HUB
BLADES
DEFINE CASING
NODE
10001 410 90 0
10002 410 300 0
10003 440 -100 0ELEMENT TYPE=S4RELSET=CASING
10001 1030510940109531030410002 10940109411095410953
10003 10941109421095510954
ABAQUSExplicit model
ABAQUSStandard model
casing
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1130
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Loading
ndash In ABAQUSStandard we apply a centrifugal load about a defined axis
ndash In ABAQUSExplicit we apply an initial rotating velocity to the fan blades
bull Connector elements are used to attach a fan blade to the hub and
subsequently release the blade
DLOAD
3000 rpm --gt 314159 radsec --gt 98696044 (rads)^2
ROTOR CENTRIF 98696044 0 0 0 0 1 0
INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=ROTATING VELOCITY
ROTOR-N 314159 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 0
centrifugal load
removed
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1625
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1131
bull Enhanced hourglass control
ndash Recommend for consistency between analyses
bull Second order accuracy element formulation
ndash The default first order element formulation in
ABAQUSExplicit is not appropriate for astructure subjected to several revolutions
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Element section controls
ndash Element section controls are defined in the original analysis and cannot be
redefined in an import analysis
bull Material definitions can be redefined upon import
ndash In this example the following section controls are defined in the
ABAQUSStandard spinning analysis
SECTION CONTROLS NAME=ENHANCED
SECOND ORDER ACCURACY=YES
HOURGLASS=ENHANCED
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1132
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The enhanced hourglass control formulation is used so that hourglass
forces are consistently computed in both analyses
bull This leads to the reduction of noise in the import analysis solution
26E+07
28E+07
30E+07
32E+07
34E+07
36E+07
38E+07
40E+07
0 0002 0004 0006 0008 001
Analysis time (seconds)
I n t e r n a l e n e r g y
Version 63
Version 64Enhanced
Viscous
ABAQUSExplicit results for a steadily spinning disk (ie no blade release)
after importing results from ABAQUSStandard
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1725
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1133
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Other modeling issues
ndash Use of general contact
bull The large number of potential interactions is readily handled with
general contact
ndash Use of double precision executable
bull Running in double precision is more suitable for this analysis because
of the high number of revolutions of the fan blade assembly
ndash Specifying a maximum stable time increment
bull By specifying a maximum time increment we guarantee that each
degree of revolution of the fan blade is analyzed over at least 10
increments
ndash We recommend a minimum of 10 analysis increments per degree
of revolution in problems involving finite rotations
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1134
Import from ABAQUSStandard to ABAQUSExplicit
bull Results
25 msec 5 msec
75 msec 10 msec
Many revolutions
(ie steady state verification)
Video Clip
Blade detachment
Video Clip
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1825
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Additional Import Modeling Issues
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1136
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration
ndash For springback simulations the reference configuration is usually updated
bull The displacements strains step number and total time are reset to
zero for the current analysis
ndash For multi-stage forming simulations do not update the reference
configurationbull The displacements strains step number and total time are continued
from the previous analysis
Deformed shape
scale factor = 10
Reference configuration updated Reference configuration not updated
Reference
configuration
Reference
configuration
Deformed shape
scale factor = 1
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 1925
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1137
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Importing the material state
ndash By default the material state for each element is imported
bull This includes the stresses the orientation of the stresses and thefollowing state variables
ndash equivalent plastic strains and for Mises plasticity
ndash back stresses for the kinematic hardening models
ndash the maximum strain energy density during deformation history for
the Mullins effect
ndash user-defined state variables for user-defined constitutive models(user subroutines VUMAT and UMAT)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1138
Additional Import Modeling Issues
ndash If the material state is not needed set the
STATE parameter equal to NO on the
IMPORT option
bull All state variables are reset to zero
ndash ABAQUSCAE always imports thematerial state along with the deformed
mesh
bull If you want to import only thedeformed mesh you can import an
orphan mesh from a selected step
and increment of an output
database
IMPORT STATE = NO
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2025
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1139
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Reference configuration and material state
combinations
ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=YES
bull Continue the previous analysis (most
common usage)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=YES
bull Current stress applied to the current
configuration with no strain (similar to an
initial stress in a regular analysis)
ndash UPDATE=YES STATE=NO
bull Annealing ndash UPDATE=NO STATE=NO
bull (Awkward have strains but no stresses)
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1140
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Material definitions
ndash The material property definitions are imported by default
bull They can be redefined if necessary
bull If redefined
ndash The material names used for the imported elements must be the
same as the material names used in the previous analysis
ndash Caution should be exercised if changes are made to the material
properties
bull This may affect the initial out-of-balance forces
ndash The mass density may need to be redefined if mass scaling was
used in an ABAQUSExplicit simulation
bull If mass scaling is used the scaled masses will not be
transferred to the subsequent import analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2125
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1141
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Element section definitions
ndash Element section property definitions are imported and may not be changed
from those used in the previous analysis
bull The current thickness of each shell element is imported automatically
bull Any material orientation information is imported automatically when
the material state is imported
bull Valid elements for importing
ndash The import capability is available for first-order continuum shell
membrane beam (both linear and quadratic) truss and rigid elements that
are common to both ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1142
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Geometric nonlinearity
ndash NLGEOM default settings
bull NO for ABAQUSStandard
bull YES for ABAQUSExplicit
ndash The setting of NLGEOM is imported and
becomes the setting in the newanalysis
bull The reference configuration cannot
be updated if NLGEOM=NO is
used because with small
deformation there is no reason to
update the configuration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2225
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1143
Additional Import Modeling Issues
bull Initial conditions and boundary conditions
ndash Valid initial conditions for various values of the STATE parameter are
shown below
bull New boundary conditions must be specified
ndash These may be different from those used in the previoussimulation
YES or NOVELOCITY
NOVOID RATIO
NOSTRESS
NOSOLUTION
YES or NOROTATING VELOCITY
NORELATIVE DENSITY
NOHARDENING
STATE=INITIAL CONDITIONS TYPE=
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Limitations
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2325
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1145
Limitations
ndash The same versions of ABAQUSExplicit and ABAQUSStandard must be
run on computers that are binary compatible
ndash The capability is not available for spring mass dashpot rotary inertia
connector fluid and infinite elements
ndash Contact definitions cannot be transferred
ndash Surface definitions (including analytical rigid surface definitions) cannot be
transferred
ndash Loads boundary conditions kinematic constraints (surface-based tie
coupling constraints etc) and nodal transformations are not imported
ndash Mesh-independent spot welds are not imported
bull However the spot weld reference nodes are imported and can beused to redefine spot welds in the import analysis
ndash In this case it is recommended that the reference configuration
be updated if large deformations occurred in the imported model
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1146
Limitations
ndash The complete material state (including state variables such as plastic
strains) is imported only for
bull linear elasticity
bull Mises plasticity (including the kinematic hardening models)
bull hyperfoam
bull hyperelasticity
bull Mullins effect
bull and the user materials (VUMAT and UMAT)
ndash Material stresses are imported for all valid material models
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2425
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1147
Limitations
ndash Analyses with predefined field variables andor temperature fields cannot
be imported
bull Temperatures are imported for coupled temperature-displacement and
adiabatic analyses if the material state is imported
bull Coupled temperature-displacement elements with predefined field
variable definitions can be imported however the field variable values
are not imported
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics
Demonstration
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis
7212019 l11 Interface
httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll11-interface 2525
Copyright 2005 ABAQUS Inc
ABAQUSExplicit Advanced Topics L1149
Demonstration
bull In this demonstration ABAQUSCAE is used to model the forming and
springback of an angled bracket
Play demo
with audioPlay demo
without audio
bracket_forming
The forming of half of a
symmetric angled bracket
is analyzed using
ABAQUSExplicit
Springback is analyzed in
ABAQUSStandard
An Initial state field is used to
import the final deformed
mesh and material state from
the ABAQUSExplicit forming
analysis