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L2/20-???ProposaltoencodetwoaccidentalsforIranianclassicalmusicRoozbehPournader(WhatsApp)April23,2020

BackgroundModernIranianclassicalmusiccommonlyusestwoaccidentalsymbolsformicrotones.Theyarefrequentlyreferredtoas“quartertones”( ەدرپ عــ"ر ),althoughthetonesarenotexactlyatequaltemperament,causingsomeexpertstoavoidthetermquartertoneforthem.ThesymbolsthemselveswereinventedinearlytwentiethcenturybyColonelAli-NaqiVaziri,whowasthekeyplayerinformalizingIranianclassicalmusic anditsmodalsystems,aswellasadaptingWesternmusicalnotationforit.ThecharactersaresimilarinfunctiontoencodedcharactersU+1D132MUSICALSYMBOLQUARTERTONESHARPandU+1D133MUSICALSYMBOLQUARTERTONEFLAT,whicharejustonestyleamongvariousnotationsusedforsuchquartertones.(ThereisawiderangeofaccidentalsusedinWesternmusicnotyetencodedinUnicode.SeeSpreadbury2019formoreinformationandanextendedlist.)TheIraniansymbolsaredifferentfromthetwoencodedquartertonesinappearance,usage,andtheirexacttonalvalue.

TheexamplesinthisproposalhavebeenfoundbyHadiAbdiKhojasteh,NasirHaghighi,HamedKhoramyar,AbbasMomen,andTwitterusers@amir_m01,@i_m_just_hamed,and@toutfarangi.Theauthorisverygratefultothemfortheirhelpinmakingthisproposalareality.

ProposalEncodethefollowingtwocharactersintheUnicodeStandard:

Glyph Codepoint Name

1D1E9 MUSICALSYMBOLSORI

1D1EA MUSICALSYMBOLKORON

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Theproposedcharacterpropertiesfollow:UnicodeData.txt 1D1E9;MUSICAL SYMBOL SORI;So;0;ON;;;;;N;;;;; 1D1EA;MUSICAL SYMBOL KORON;So;0;ON;;;;;N;;;;; NotethatthebidirectionalclasssuggestedisON,fortworeasons:tomatchthethreeothercommonsymbolstheseareusedinsimilarcontextswith(U+266DMUSICFLATSIGN,U+266EMUSICNATURALSIGN,andU+266FMUSICSHARPSIGN);andalsobecausetheyarefrequentlyusedinright-to-leftsituations,whereastrongleft-to-rightcharactercouldmessupthebidicontext.AllotherpropertiesshouldbesimilartoU+266DMUSICFLATSIGN.SuggestionforNamesLists.txt1D1E9 MUSICALSYMBOLSORI *UsedinIranianclassicalmusicfor“quartertones”1D1EA MUSICALSYMBOLKORON *UsedinIranianclassicalmusicfor“quartertones”Samplesofusage

Figure1.Introductionoftheproposedcharacters,inVaziri’sownhandwriting,fromVaziri1935,pp.6–7.

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Figure2.Discussionoftheproposedcharacters,fromRechberger2018,page114.

Figure3.Discussionoftheproposedcharacters,fromFarhat2004,page10.

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Figure4.Discussionoftheproposedcharacters,fromDamadiandSeraji2011,page387.

Figure5.Definitionoftheproposedcharactersinaglossary,fromAzadehfar2011,page345.

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Figure6.Theproposedsymbolsusedindefiningtwodastgāhs,ChahārgāhandDashtī,fromAzadehfar2011,page348.

Figure7.TheproposedsymbolsusedinWright2017,page18.

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Figure8.TheproposedsymbolsdefinedandusedinMa’roufiandZarrinpanjeh2007,page12.

Figure9.TheproposedsymbolsusedtodescribefingerpositionsfortārandsetārinMa’roufiandZarrinpanjeh2007,page14.

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Figure10.TheproposedsymbolsdefinedinZolfonoun1990,page27.

Figure11.TheproposedsymbolsdefinedinMa’roufi1973.

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Figure12.TheproposedsymbolsdefinedinMirzaAbdollah2006,page8.

Figure13.TheproposedsymbolsusedtodefinefingerpositionsforsetārinAlizadeh2017,page15.

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Figure14.AsymbollistfromAlizadeh1996.MostofthesearenotencodedinUnicodeeither,butneedfurtherresearchbeforebeingproposed.

Bibliography

1. HosseinAlizadeh.1996(=1375AP).DahQat’eBarayeTar( رات یارب هعطق ەد ).SecondEdition.Mahoor.

2. HosseinAlizadeh.2017(=1396AP).Dastur-eSetar,Dowre-yeEbteda’i( ،راتهس روتسد;:ادتبا ٔەرود ).Sixteenthprinting.Mahoor.

3. MohammadRezaAzadehfar.2011.RhythmicStructureinIranianMusic.SecondEdition.TehranArtsUniversityPress.ISBN964-6218-47-4.

4. AmirhosseinDamadiandPayamSeraji.2011.“Plato’sTimaeusandtheIntervalsusedinTraditionalMusicoftheMiddleEast.”Chapter26inInterdisciplinarityforthe21stCentury:Proceedingsofthe3rdInternationalSymposiumonMathematicsanditsconnectionstotheArtsandSciences,Moncton2009.EditedbyBharathSriramanandViktorFreiman.pp.385–392.InformationAgePublishing.ISBN978-1-61735-220-1.

5. HormozFarhat.2004.TheDastgāhConceptinPersianMusic.CambridgeUniversityPress.ISBN0-521-54206-5.

6. MirzaAbdollah.2006(=1385AP).Radif-eMirzaAbdollah,Ava-nevisivaBarresi-eTahlili( MNلحت Jررب و GHIناوآ ،DدCع از@?م ف>در ).PrefacebyJeanDuring.TranslatedbySoudabehAtashkar.Mahoor.ISBN979-0-802604-21-6.

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7. MousaMa’roufi.1973(=1352AP).Radif-eHaftDastgah-eMusiqi-eIrani( تفھ فیدریناریا یقیسوم هاگتسد ).

8. MousaMa’roufiandNasrollahZarrinpanjeh.2007(=1386AP).Dastoor-eMoghaddamati-eTarvaSetar,Sal-eAvval-eHonarestan( لاس :راتهس و رات P:امدقم روتسد

ناتسT?ه لوا ).Mahoor.AccessedonApril21,2020athttp://learnmusics.ir/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Ketab-e-Aval-Honarestan-Tarlearnmusics.ir_.pdf.

9. HermanRechberger.2018.ScalesandModesAroundtheWorld:Thecompleteguidetothescalesandmodesoftheworld.FennicaGehrman.ISBN978-952-5489-07-1.

10. DanielSpreadbury,ed.2019.“StandardMusicFontLayout,Version1.3”.FinalCommunityGroupReport5March2019.WorldWideWebConsortium.Availableathttps://www.w3.org/2019/03/smufl13/

11. Ali-NaqiVaziri.1935(=1314AP).Armoni-eMusiqi-eIran( ناریا MXPسوم WTُمرآ ).12. OwenWright.2017.DemetriusCantemir:TheCollectionofNotations.Volume2:

Commentary.SOASStudiesinMusic.Routledge.ISBN978-0-7546-0281-1.13. JalalZolfonoun.1990(=1369AP).Amuzesh-eSetar( راتهس شزومآ ).SecondPrinting.

Anjoman-eMusiqi-eIran(Ahang).

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ISO/IECJTC1/SC2/WG2PROPOSALSUMMARYFORMTOACCOMPANYSUBMISSIONSFORADDITIONSTOTHEREPERTOIREOFISO/IEC10646

A.Administrative

1.Title:ProposaltoencodetwoaccidentalsforIranianclassicalmusic2.Requester’sname:RoozbehPournader 3.RequesterType:ExpertContribution4.Submissiondate:April23,20205.Requester’sreference,ifapplicable:N/A6.Chooseoneofthefollowing: Thisisacompleteproposal:Yes (or)Moreinformationwillbeprovidedlater:No

B.Technical–General

1.Chooseoneofthefollowing: a.Thisproposalisforanewscript(setofcharacters):No Proposednameofscript:N/A b.Theproposalisforadditionofcharacter(s)toanexistingblock:Yes Nameofexistingblock:MusicalSymbols2.Numberofcharactersinproposal:23.Proposedcategory:A-Contemporary4.Isarepertoireincludingcharacternamesprovided?Yes

a.IfYES,arethenamesinaccordancewiththe“characternamingguidelines”inAnnexLofP&Pdocument?Yesb.Arethecharactershapesattachedinalegibleformsuitableforreview?Yes

5.Fontsrelated:a.WhowillprovidetheappropriatecomputerizedfonttotheProjectEditorof10646forpublishingthestandard?RoozbehPournaderb.Identifythepartygrantingalicenseforuseofthefontbytheeditors(includeaddress,e-mail,ftp-site,etc.):RoozbehPournader

6.References:a.Arereferences(toothercharactersets,dictionaries,descriptivetextsetc.)provided?Yesb.Arepublishedexamplesofuse(suchassamplesfromnewspapers,magazines,orothersources)ofproposedcharactersattached?Yes.

7.Specialencodingissues:Doestheproposaladdressotheraspectsofcharacterdataprocessing(ifapplicable)suchasinput,presentation,sorting,searching,indexing,transliterationetc.(ifyespleaseendorseinformation)?Yes.

8.Additionalinformation:SubmittersareinvitedtoprovideanyadditionalinformationaboutPropertiesoftheproposedCharacter(s)orScriptthatwillassistincorrectunderstandingofandcorrect

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linguisticprocessingoftheproposedcharacter(s)orscript.Examplesofsuchpropertiesare:Casinginformation,Numericinformation,Currencyinformation,Displaybehaviourinformationsuchaslinebreaks,widthsetc.,Combiningbehaviour,Spacingbehaviour,Directionalbehaviour,DefaultCollationbehaviour,relevanceinMarkUpcontexts,CompatibilityequivalenceandotherUnicodenormalizationrelatedinformation.SeetheUnicodestandardathttp://www.unicode.orgforsuchinformationonotherscripts.AlsoseeUnicodeCharacterDatabase(http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/)andassociatedUnicodeTechnicalReportsforinformationneededforconsiderationbytheUnicodeTechnicalCommitteeforinclusionintheUnicodeStandard.C.Technical-Justification1.Hasthisproposalforadditionofcharacter(s)beensubmittedbefore?No

IfYESexplain:N/A2.Hascontactbeenmadetomembersoftheusercommunity(forexample:NationalBody,usergroupsofthescriptorcharacters,otherexperts,etc.)?Yes

IfYES,withwhom?TheauthorsarepartoftheusercommunityIfYES,availablerelevantdocuments:N/A

3.Informationontheusercommunityfortheproposedcharacters(forexample:size,demographics,informationtechnologyuse,orpublishinguse)isincluded?Yes

Reference:4.Thecontextofusefortheproposedcharacters(typeofuse;commonorrare):Common

Reference:5.Aretheproposedcharactersincurrentusebytheusercommunity?Yes

IfYES,where?InpublicationsaboutPersianmusicReference:

6.AftergivingdueconsiderationstotheprinciplesintheP&PdocumentmusttheproposedcharactersbeentirelyintheBMP?No

IfYES,isarationaleprovided?N/AIfYES,reference:

7.Shouldtheproposedcharactersbekepttogetherinacontiguousrange(ratherthanbeingscattered)?Yes8.Cananyoftheproposedcharactersbeconsideredapresentationformofanexistingcharacterorcharactersequence?No

IfYES,isarationaleforitsinclusionprovided?N/AIfYES,reference:N/A

9.Cananyoftheproposedcharactersbeencodedusingacomposedcharactersequenceofeitherexistingcharactersorotherproposedcharacters?No

IfYES,isarationaleforitsinclusionprovided?N/AIfYES,reference:N/A

10.Cananyoftheproposedcharacter(s)beconsideredtobesimilar(inappearanceorfunction)to,orcouldbeconfusedwith,anexistingcharacter?Yes

IfYES,isarationaleforitsinclusionprovided?Yes.TheyaresimilarinfunctiontoU+1D132andU+1D133,butareverydifferentinappearance.

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IfYES,reference:N/A11.Doestheproposalincludeuseofcombiningcharactersand/oruseofcompositesequences?No

IfYES,isarationaleforsuchuseprovided?N/AIfYES,reference:N/A

Isalistofcompositesequencesandtheircorrespondingglyphimages(graphicsymbols)provided?N/A

IfYES,reference:N/A12.Doestheproposalcontaincharacterswithanyspecialpropertiessuchascontrolfunctionorsimilarsemantics?No

IfYES,describeindetail(includeattachmentifnecessary):N/A13.DoestheproposalcontainanyIdeographiccompatibilitycharacters?No

IfYES,aretheequivalentcorrespondingunifiedideographiccharactersidentified?N/A

IfYES,reference:N/A