label on the map: england france spain germany italy greece turkey mediterranean sea black sea
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Label on the map: England France Spain Germany Italy Greece Turkey Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Baltic Sea Atlantic Ocean Scandinavia. Agenda. Europe After Rome The Church Holy Roman Empire Feudalism. Objectives. Students will be able to… - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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• Label on the map:– England– France– Spain–Germany– Italy–Greece
– Turkey–Mediterranean Sea– Black Sea– Baltic Sea–Atlantic Ocean– Scandinavia
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Agenda1. Europe After Rome2. The Church3. Holy Roman Empire4. Feudalism
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ObjectivesStudents will be able to…59. Explain how the fall of Rome and
the authority of the Church shaped the early Middle Ages.
60. Describe the creation of the Holy Roman Empire.
61. Analyze the feudal system.
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Europe After Rome
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Objective #59
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The Fall of Rome• Rome united Europe for the first (and
only) time• Fall of Rome caused many changes–Decline of central authority–Decline of cities–Decline of learning
• But not in Eastern Europe. Why not?
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Decline of Central Authority
• Why?–Empire destroyed–Lots of invasions–Germanic tribes were loyal to
individual leaders
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Decline of Central Authority
• So what?–Benefits of empire are lost•Education•Security•Economy•Trade
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Decline of Cities• Why?–No jobs–No food trade–Centers of people and wealth are
not safe
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Decline of Cities• So what?–Population shifted to rural areas–People become dispersed –“Progress” stalls
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Decline of Learning• Why?–Germanic tribes have no written
language–People focus on farming–People are disconnected
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Decline of Learning• So what?–Knowledge of Greek lost–Latin changes–“Progress” stalls
The Dark Ages
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The Church in the Middle Ages:
The exception that proves the rule
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Church Power Grows• People turn away from the secular• Local priests much closer than
distant kings• Missionaries convert the Germans–Teach them writing
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Smart Monks• Monasteries (places where monks live)
preserve learning–No one else could read–No one else had time–Mostly translation, few new advances–Also translated Arabic works
• Eventually create Europe’s universities
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The Manor• Economic arrangement between lords and
peasants–Peasants provide labor and a portion of
produce–Lord provides land, protection, and
resources (like a mill)• Self-sufficient system• Rigid class structure
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The Holy Roman Empire
Objective #60
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A Frankish Dynasty• Franks were one of the Germanic tribes• Clovis converted to Christianity• Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer)–Unites the Franks–Wins an important battle•Battle of Tours• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztoNqerMrd8
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Charlemagne• Charles the Hammer’s grandson• Expands the Frankish Empire–Largest empire in Europe since
Rome–Reunited Western Europe
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Coronation• Charlemagne saves
the pope from a mob in Rome
• Pope crowns him as Holy Roman Emperor– Powerful political
force (both him, and the church!)
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Charlemagne• Enforces the law (good at
running his empire)• Spreads Christianity• Revived learning• Builds roads, schools,
churches, etc.
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Charlemagne’s Legacy
• Son: Louis the Pious–“an ineffective ruler”
• Three grandsons–Fight amongst themselves–Divide into three kingdoms–Central authority declines again– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djctvp_pC4o
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Treaty of Verdun, 843
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A Contradiction• The Holy Roman Empire is not…–Holy–Roman–An Empire
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Invaders
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Invaders• Muslims• Magyars–Come from central Asia–Settle in Hungary
• Vikings–From Scandinavia–Settle in Russia and England (Angles and
Saxons)
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Effects of Invaders• Strengthen feudalism–Really need those knights–Manor walls are helpful
• Disrupts trade
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Feudalism
Objective #61
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Political Organization
• No strong central government, so no strong army• But many invaders, so they need one• Invent a new type of government:
feudalism–A social/governmental structure
based on loyalty and land
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Feudalism Terms• Lord• Serf• Fief• Vassal• Manor
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FeudalismThe King needs an army
• Here is the king’s land
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The King’s Land
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Feudalism• The King, in need of an army, offers
land in exchange for military service• The King owns the land, but the
knight can use it as he sees fit as long as he maintains his oath to the king
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Vassal Vassal
Vassal
Vassal
Vassal Vassal
Vassal
Vassal
The King’s Land
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Feudalism• The King now has several vassals
who control some of his land, but also has an army of knights to defend the entire territory