land acquisition & resettlement guidelines

8/7/2019 Land Acquisition & Resettlement Guidelines

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LANDACQUISITION&RESETTLEMENTGUIDELINES

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GOVERNMENTOFPUNJAB

PLANNING&DEVELOPMENTDEPARTMENT

GUIDELINESFORLANDACQUISITIONAND

RESETTLEMENT

FORPPPINFRASTRUCTUREPROJECTS

FEBRUARY2011


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TABLEOFCONTENTS

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................. 4

ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................... 71.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 8

1.1 BRIEF OF PPP INITIATIVES IN PUNJAB.............................................. 8

1.2 PUNJAB PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FRAMEWORK ............. 9

1.2.1 POLICY DOCUMENTS............................................................................ 91.2.2 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .................................................. 10

2.0 INITIATING LAND ACQUISITION UNDER PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

113.0 APPLICABILITY OF THE GUIDELINES............................................. 13

4.0 LAWS & REGULATIONS FOR LAND ACQUSITION........................ 13

4.1 LAND ACQUISITION ACT 1894 (LAA)............................................... 13

4.1.1 Synopsis of Land Acquisition Act 1894................................................... 144.1.2 ACQUISITION - PART II OF LAA ........................................................ 15

5.0 LAND ACQUISITION............................................................................. 18

5.1 Types of Land Requirements.................................................................... 185.1.1 Permanent Land ........................................................................................ 18

5.1.2 Temporary land......................................................................................... 18

5.2 WHAT IS LAND ACQUISITION........................................................... 185.3 LAND ACQUISITION UNDER PPP INITIATIVES.............................. 18

5.3.1 Feasibility Study Including Land Acquisition Cost Estimates ................ 19

5.3.2 Land Acquisition Process Completion Time. ........................................... 205.3.3 Financing Arrangements........................................................................... 21

5.3.4 Minimize Land Speculation...................................................................... 215.3.5 Institutional Arrangements - Coordination with Concerned Departments22

5.4 LAND ACQUISITION MANAGEMENT PLAN (LAMP)..................... 235.4.1 General...................................................................................................... 23

5.4.2 Project Description.................................................................................... 23

5.4.3 Characteristics & categorization of Land to be Acquired (Baseline Data)235.4.4 Survey & Census of Land & Economic Activities................................... 24

5.4.4.1 House Hold & Individual Census ............................................................. 24

5.4.4.2 Land Tenure.............................................................................................. 255.4.4.3 Land Use ................................................................................................... 25

5.4.4.4 Structures .................................................................................................. 255.4.4.5 Livestock................................................................................................... 25

5.4.4.6 Agriculture & Production ......................................................................... 26

5.4.4.7 Trees.......................................................................................................... 265.4.4.8 Business Inventory.................................................................................... 26

5.4.5 Legal Framework for Land Acquisition and Compensation..................... 27

5.4.6 Institutional Arrangements........................................................................ 27

5.4.7 Financing Arrangements........................................................................... 275.4.8 Entitlements & Compensation Mechanism .............................................. 27


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5.4.9 Time Lines for Acquiring land ................................................................. 285.4.10 Required Government Approvals ............................................................. 28

5.4.11 Ownership of Land ................................................................................... 28

5.4.12 Monitoring & Evaluation.......................................................................... 285.4.13 Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................... 28

5.5 Unsolicited Proposal................................................................................. 296.0 RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION............................................. 29

6.1 InvoluntaryResettlement .296.2 Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) .............................................................. 29

6.2.1 Requirement of Resettlement Action Plan................................................ 296.2.2 What is Resettlement Action Plan ............................................................ 30

6.3 Contents of Resettlement Action Plan...................................................... 30

6.3.1 Executive Summary.................................................................................. 306.3.2 Project Description.................................................................................... 30

6.3.3 Scope of Land Acquisition and Resettlement........................................... 31

6.3.4 Socioeconomic Information and Profile................................................... 32

6.3.5 Consultation, Public Participation and Grievance Redress....................... 326.3.6 Policy Framework and Legal Framework................................................. 336.3.7 Entitlements, Assistance and Benefits...................................................... 33

6.3.8 Relocation Planning.................................................................................. 34

6.3.9 Income & Livelihood Restoration ............................................................ 356.3.10 Resettlement Budget and Financing Plan ................................................. 36

6.3.11 Institutional Arrangements........................................................................ 36

6.3.12 Implementation Schedule.......................................................................... 37

6.3.13 Monitoring & Evaluation.......................................................................... 37

7.0 TABLES7.1 Table7.1ofLandAcquisitionIndicators&InformationSources

7.2 Table7.2ofSampleBudgetPlanforaResettlementActionPlan8.0 References


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IMPORTANTDEFINITIONS

Land

Acquisition

Theprocesswherebyapersoniscompelledbyapublicagencytoalienate

allor partof the landa personownsorpossesses, to theownershipandpossessionofthatagency,forpublicpurposeinreturnforacompensation.

Environmental

Assessment

Processtodeterminetheenvironmental impactsofaproject in itsareaof

influence,andtoevaluateanddesignmitigationmeasures.Dependingon

the significanceofprojectimpactsandrisks,theprocessincludesanInitial

Environmental Examination or a fullscale Environmental Impact

Assessment.

Government

Agency

Department,attacheddepartment,bodycorporate,autonomousbodyof

the Government, local government or any organization or corporation

ownedorcontrolledbytheGovernment.

Affected

Person

Anypersonorhouseholdadverselyaffectedbyacquisitionofassetsor

changeinuseoflandduetoaproject.

Government GovernmentofPunjab.

Infrastructure Both traditional infrastructure (transport networks, water supply, energy

generation, etc.) and social infrastructure (education and health facilities,

etc.).

Publicprivate

partnership

(PPP)

Partnership between the public sector represented by a Government

Agencyand a private party for the provision of an infrastructure facility

and/orservicewithaclearallocationofrisksbetweenthetwoparties.The

PPP modalities range from service contracts to management contracts to

leases

to

concessions

to

build

operate

transfer

contracts

and

their

variants.

PPPproject Project implemented on a PPP basis in any of the eligible infrastructure

sectors.

PPPCell Entity established in the Planning & Development Department to assist

Government Agencies in preparing and executing highquality PPP


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projects,andactasaPPPcatalystandadvocate,knowledgemanager,and

policyandprojectadvisortothePPPSteeringCommittee.

Project

DevelopmentFacility

Pooloffundsavailableforconsultingservicesrequiredforthepreparation

andtransactionexecutionofPPPprojects.

MarketValue Thevalueofassetdeterminedbymarkettransactionofsimilarassetsand

finallyarrivedatafternegotiationswith thestakeholders,and it includes

transaction costs and without the depreciation and deductions for

salvagedbuildingmaterial.

Project

Inception

Guidelines

Methodology for Government Agencies on how to identify, screen andregister potential PPP projects, draft terms of reference and request for

proposals for their preparation and transaction execution, and selectconsultants.

Resettlement Means all measures taken to mitigate any and all adverse impacts,

resulting due to execution of a Project, on the livelihood of the project

affected persons, their property, and includes compensation, relocation

andrehabilitation.

Project

Preparation

Guidelines

Methodology for Government Agencies on how to prepare a feasibility

studyforaPPPprojectandseekapprovalbythePPPSteeringCommittee.

Risk

Management

Unit

EntityestablishedintheFinanceDepartmenttoreviewrequestsfordirectand/or contingent government support for PPP projects and ensure itsfiscalsustainability.

Compensation Includes cash payment, deferred payment, a bond, an insurance policy,

stipend, payment in kind, rendition of services, grant of privileges and

disturbancemoney,entitlementtospecialtreatmentbyGovernment,grant

of

alternative

land,

grant

of

business,

trade

and

commercial

facilities.

Entitlement Means the sum total of compensation and other assistance assessed

accordingtothestatusofeachindividualbelongingtotheprojectareaor

relatedtherewithordependantthereon.


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Collector MeanstheCollectorofadistrict,andincludesaDistrictOfficer(Revenue)

andanyofficerspeciallyappointedbytheBoardofRevenueorExecutive

DistrictOfficer(Revenue)toperformthefunctionsofaCollector

InvoluntaryResettlement

Anyresettlement,whichdoesnotinvolvewillingnessofthepersonsbeingadverselyaffected,butareforcedthroughaninstrumentoflaw.

Transaction

Execution

Guidelines

Methodology for Government Agencies on how to select the transaction

advisoryservicesandPrivatePartyforundertakingaPPPprojectandseek

approvalbythePPPSteeringCommittee.

Consultants Individual consultants, or a consulting firm, or a financial institution,

which will provide the services required for the preparation and

transaction execution of a PPP project. Given the importance of the

transaction execution phase in the life cycle of PPP projects, the

consultants are frequently called transaction advisors, and the project

developmentservicesarereferredtoastransactionadvisory.


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ABBREVIATIONS

ADB AsianDevelopmentBank

AP AffectedPersons

EA EnvironmentalAssessment

PDF ProjectDevelopmentFacility

PPP PublicPrivatePartnership

P&DD PlanningandDevelopmentDepartment

LAA LandAcquisitionAct1894

LAMP LandAcquisitionManagementPlan

RAP ResettlementActionPlan


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BRIEFOFPPPINITIATIVESINPUNJAB

TheGovernmentofPunjabiscommittedtosustainableeconomicgrowth

andinclusivesocialdevelopment. Globalexperiencehasshownthatthere

is a close relationship between these objectives and infrastructure

development. The correlation works in both ways investments in

infrastructure are a major driver for economic growth and economic

growth requires well functioning infrastructure facilities and services. If

infrastructure investments are not kept at a sufficient level, economic

growthbecomesconstrainedbypowershortages,trafficcongestion,high

transportcosts,andother infrastructurebottlenecks.As to the impacton

socialdevelopment,itisthelowincomegroupswhoaremostaffectedbyaninadequateaccesstoandpoorqualityofinfrastructureservices.

The Government has, therefore, decided to significantly increase

infrastructure investments and has made provisions in the provincial

budgettothiseffect. TheGovernment isalsothebeneficiaryoffinancial

assistance for infrastructure projects from multilateral and bilateral

development partners. In addition to projects funded by its budget and

developmentloans,theGovernmentiscommittedtoengagingtheprivate

sector

in

the

provisionof

infrastructure.

The

preferred

mode

is

public

privatepartnerships(PPPs)wheretheprivateandpublicsectorsenterinto

mutually beneficial contractual agreements for the provision of public

infrastructureservices.

TheGovernmentrecognizes theneedforand importanceandbenefitsof

private sector participation in infrastructure development. Punjab

accounts for more than half of Pakistans population and economic

output. However, it is estimated that less than 50% of its infrastructure

investment requirements can be met by public sector funds. The

GovernmentwantstofillthegapthroughPPPsandotherformsofprivate

sectorparticipation.PPPshavebeenrecognizedworldwideasanessential

mode of public service delivery. They attract private capital investment,

increaseefficiencythroughtheprofitmotivationoftheprivatesector,and

helpreformsectorsthroughthereallocationofrolesandrisks


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1.2 PUNJABPUBLICPRIVATEPARTNERSHIPFRAMEWORK

1.2.1 POLICYDOCUMENTS

PPP for InfrastructureAct 2010: For the private investments in

infrastructuretomaterialize,acomprehensiveandconsistentcross

sector legal framework is essential that establishes a clear and

predictable environment within which investors will finance,

implement and operate PPP projects. A welldrafted PPP law

protecting rights of all the parties is a key component of such a

framework as it will develop confidence of private investors in

making investment in infrastructure development. The PPP law

should describe the overall framework for undertaking PPP

projects from beginning until the end. It should also outline the

overallprocessforundertakingprojectsunderPPPmodeincludingallimportantissues,suchasprojectidentificationandpreparation,

method of competitive bidding, and roles and responsibilities of

eachpartyinvolved.Toprovideafirmlegalframework,thePunjab

PPP for Infrastructure Act2010 was enacted by PunjabProvincialAssembly on 12th July 2010. The Act is based on an intercountry

comparison, incorporates international best practices, and is

consistent with the other components of the enabling PPP

framework.

PPP Policy: The PPP Policy aims at reinforcing the considerable

enthusiasmforPPPsinvarioussectors,addressingthelackoftrust

between the public and private sectors to collaborate in

infrastructure projects, and facilitating the creation of effective

partnerships.TheGovernmenthopestofullyutilizethepotentialof

PPPs for Punjab by strategizing and standardizing the PPP

development.Toensurethis,thePPPPolicystatestheobjectivesto

beachieved through PPPs,providesguidance to thepublicsector

on initiating, evaluating and executing PPP projects, and

communicates the Governments position on PPPs to otherstakeholders, including potential private sector partners and the

public at large. The PPP Policy was approved by the Provincial

CabinetinSeptember2009.

PDF Guidelines: The Government has established a fund titled

Project Development Facility (PDF) for the preparation of PPP


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projects including feasibility studies and to meet the cost of

transaction advisors. The objective of the PDF is to help the line

departments,localgovernmentsandothergovernmentagenciesto

overcome the financial constraints for PPP project preparation.

Reimbursement of the cost of project preparation will be sought

from the winning bidder. PDF guidelines, which have been

approved by the Provincial Cabinet, describe the detailed process

fortheutilizationofthefund.

Project Preparation Guidelines: The Guidelines provide an

overview of the life cycle of PPP projects, list the PPP modalities

and infrastructure sectors covered, and explain why adequate

projectpreparationisimportant.Thereafter,theyoutlineapractice

oriented methodology for feasibility studies, and describe the

varioussteps,tasksandprocessesrequiredintheirpreparation.

ProjectInceptionGuidelines:Apracticeorientedmethodology is

describedfortheidentificationandscreeningofpotentiallysuitable

PPP projects, which can be used by line departments and local

governments inhouse without undertaking complex and time

consuming assessment studies requiring external support. This is

followed by outlining the principles and procedure for drafting

terms of reference (TOR) for the subsequent phases of project

preparationandtransactionexecution,andselectingconsultantsto

provideassistanceduringthosetwophases.

Transaction Execution Guidelines: The Guidelines describe a

methodology for Government Agencies on how to select the

PrivatePartyforundertakingaPPPproject.

1.2.2 INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENTS

Under the Punjab PPP framework, comprehensive institutional

framework has been established entrusting various roles and

responsibilitiesateachleveloftheprojectlifecyclefrominception,

preparation, approval, bidding and execution to project transfer.

The Government has established the following entities as part of

thePPPframework(Figure1):


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PPPSteeringCommittee: A highlevel committee chaired by the

MinisterofPlanning&Developmenthasbeennotified.

PPPCell:AdedicatedCellhasbeenestablishedinthePlanning&

DevelopmentDepartmenttosolelylookintothePPPaffairsinthe

Province.

PPPNodes:FocalpointsarebeingestablishedinLineDepartments

andgovernmentagenciestohandlethePPPprojects.

Risk Management Unit: The unit is being established in the

FinanceDepartmenttoactasfiscalguardianandlookintoissuesof

projectsustainabilityandfiduciaryrisks.

Figure1:PPPInstitutionalFramework

PPP SteeringCommittee

Risk ManagementUnit

PPP Cell

PPP NodePPP Node PPP Node

PPP SteeringCommittee

Risk ManagementUnit

PPP Cell

PPP NodePPP Node PPP Node

2.0 INITIATINGLANDACQUISITIONUNDERPROJECTLIFECYCLE

Thefollowingfourmainphasescanbedistinguishedintheoveralllifecycleof

PPPprojects:

(i) Projectinception(identificationandscreening)(ii) Projectpreparation(feasibilitystudy)


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3.0 APPLICABILITYOFTHEGUIDELINES

TheseGuidelinesareapplicabletoallPPPprojectsinthefollowinginfrastructure

sectors:

(1) Canalsordams(2) Educationfacilities(3) Healthfacilities(4) Housing(5) Industrialestates(6) Informationtechnology(7) Landreclamation(8) Powergenerationfacilities(9) Roads(provincialhighways,districtroads,bridgesorbypasses)(10) Sewerageordrainage(11) Solidwastemanagement(12) Sportsorrecreationalinfrastructure,publicgardensorparks(13) Tradefairs,conventions,exhibitionsorculturalcenters(14) Urbantransportincludingmasstransitorbusterminals(15) Watersupplyorsanitation,treatmentordistribution(16) Wholesalemarkets,warehouses,slaughterhousesorcoldstorages

4.0 LAWS&REGULATIONSFORLANDACQUSITION

4.1 LANDACQUISITIONACT1894(LAA)

In Pakistan, a number of laws give and protect the proprietary rights.

Also,lawshavebeenpromulgatedatdifferentoccasionsforpurposeslike

urbanandruraldevelopment,andforestablishmentoftheauthoritiesto

implement their programmes that include acquisition of private

propertiesfordevelopment.

The acquisition of private properties for public purposes including

developmentprojectsinPakistanisgovernedbytheLandAcquisitionAct

1894. It lays down detailed procedures for the acquisition of private

propertiesforpublicpurposesandtheircompensation.Currentlyallover

Pakistan private land for public purpose is being acquired under Land

AcquisitionAct1894.


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Punjab is also following the rules and procedures laid down in Land

Acquisition Act 1894 for acquiring private lands for the development

purposes. The Board of Revenue Department of Punjab in coordination

withtheconcernedgovernmentagenciesdealswiththeLandAcquisition

matters who initiate, issues notices, evaluation and distribution of

compensationetcunderLandAcquisitionAct1894.

SalientfeaturesofLAA1894forLandAcquisitionare:

Governmentshowsitsintentiontoacquirespecificpieceoflandfora public purpose or for a company through publication of

notification in the official gazette and invites objections against

notification

Aftermarkingandmeasurementofthelandtobeacquired,noticesare issued to persons having rights/interests in the land invitingclaimsfromthemforcompensation

Beforepossessionof land is taken,awardofcompensation for theownersisannouncedbytheCollectorafternecessaryenquiries

Compensationevaluationanddetermination AreferencecanbemadebytheCollectortoCivilCourtwhereany

personaffectedbyLandAcquisitionhasnotacceptedtheawardby

giventheCollector.

IncaseofurgencyauthoritycanmakeadeclarationunderU/S17directing theCollector to takepossessionof the landneededfora

publicpurposebeforeawardofcompensation.

4.1.1 SynopsisofLandAcquisitionAct1894

The Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (LAA) has been the most

commonlyusedlawforacquisitionoflandandotherpropertiesfor

developmentprojects.Itcomprisesof55Sectionspertainingtoarea

notification and surveys, acquisition, compensation and

apportionment, awards and disputes resolution, penalties andexemptions. Brief synopsis of important sections of Land

AcquisitionActisasunder:


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LandAcquisitionAct1894containsthefollowingparts:

PARTI PRILIMINARY Section1to3

PARTIIACQUISITION Section4to17

PARTIII REFERENCETOCOURTANDPROCEDURETHEREON

Section18to28 PARTIV APPORTIONMENTOFCOMPENSATION

Section29to30 PARTVPAYMENT

Section31to34 PARTVI TEMPORARYOCCUPATIONOFLAND

Section35to37 PARTVII ACQUISITIONOFLANDFORCOMPANIES

Section38to44 PARTVIIIMISCELLANEOUS

Section45to55PartIIoftheLandAcquisitionActisrelativelyofmoreimportance

where all the necessary steps towards Land Acquisition are done

including notification and declaration in the official gazette to

acquire the private land for Public purpose, physical survey isconducted, marking & measurement of land is done, notices to

interestedpeople,addresstogrievances,awards,compensationetc.

4.1.2 ACQUISITION PARTIIOFLAA

SynopsisofPartIIofLandAcquisitionAct1894isasunder:

Section4:Publicationofpreliminarynotificationandpowersof

officers

thereupon.

PublishNotification in theOfficialGazettewhichmake lawfulfor

anydesignatedofficertoenterthelandandconductsurveyetc.


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Section 5:Notification thatparticular land isneeded forapublic

purposeorforaCompany

Notification thatparticular land isneededforapublicpurposeor

foraCompanyandanotificationtothateffectshallbepublishedin

theofficialGazette.

Section5A:Hearingofobjections

Any person interested in land being acquired and notified under

section 5 may raise objection however after proper hearing the

decisionofExecutiveDistrictOfficer(Revenue)willbefinal.

Section6:Declarationthatlandisrequiredforapublicpurpose

DeclarationissuedbytheExecutiveDistrictOfficer(Revenue)that

land is required for public purpose and published in official

gazette.

Section7:AfterdeclarationCollectortotakeorderforacquisition

ExecutiveDistrictOfficer(Revenue)oranyauthorizedofficershall

directtheCollectortotakeorderfortheacquisitionoftheland.

Section8:Landtobemarkedout,measuredandplanned

Land to beacquiredwillbemarked ifnotdonepreviously under

section4andwillalsomeasureandprepareplan

Section9:Noticetopersonsinterested

TheCollectorissuespublicnoticegivenatconvenientplacesonor

near the land to be taken stating that the Government intends to

takepossessionofthelandandthatclaimsandcompensationtoall

interestsmaybemade.

Section 10: Power to require and enforce the making of

statementsastonamesandinterests

The collector gathers information containing the name of every

person possessing any interest in the land as coproprietor, sub

proprietor, mortgagee, tenant or other and the nature of such

interest,therentsandprofits(ifany)receivedorreceivable.

Section11:EnquiryandawardbyCollector

Collectorinquirestheobjectionsoftheinterestedpersonsandafter

conductinginquirymakeawardofcompensations.


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Section12:AwardofCollectorwhentobefinal

AwardshallbefiledintheCollectorsofficeandshallbefinaland

conclusive evidence as between the Collector and the persons

interested whether they have respectively appeared before the

Collectorornot.

Section12A:Correctionofmistake

Anyclericalorarithmeticmistakesidentifiedisrectified

Section13:Adjournmentofenquiry

The collector may adjourn and postpone any enquiry due to any

reason.

Section 14: Power to summon and enforce attendance of

witnessesandproductionofdocuments

Under theAct theCollector havepowers tosummonand enforce

theattendanceofwitnessesincludingthepartiesinterestedorany

ofthemtocompeltheproductionofrequireddocuments.

Section15:Matterstobeconsideredandneglected

Indetermining theamountofcompensation theCollectorshallbe

guidedbytheprovisionscontainedinsections23and24.

Section16:Powertotakepossession

Aftertheawardundersection11thecollectormaytakepossession

oftheland

Section17:Specialpowerincasesofurgency

In cases of urgency on the expiration of fifteen days from

publication of the notice mentioned in subsection (1) of section 9

where no such award has been made possession can be taken of

anylandneededforpublicpurposesorforaCompany.Suchland

shall thereupon vest absolutely in the Government, free from all

encumbrances.


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5.0 LANDACQUISITION

Governmenthas to initiate the infrastructural development projects in order to

sustain economic development at a desirable level as development of

infrastructural facilities is closely related to economic development.

Developmentof infrastructuralprojects likeroads, transport,dams,airportsetc

requirestheacquisitionofprivatelandforfurtherconstructionanddevelopment

purposes. The private land owners who are deprived off their belongings are

called affected persons (APs) and are liable to be compensated reasonably and

fairly.

5.1 TypesofLandRequirements

Landrequiredforthedevelopmentmaybeoftwotypes:

5.1.1 PermanentLand:PermanentLandisthelandwhichneedsto

be acquired for construction purposes. This type of land is

permanentlyacquiredfromtheprivatelandownersagainstfairand

reasonablecompensation.

5.1.2 Temporary land: Temporary Land is the land required to

carryout theconstructionand installationphases.This typeof land

canbeacquiredonrentalorleasebasisovertheprojectconstruction

period.

5.2 WHATISLANDACQUISITION

LandAcquisitioncanbestatedastheactionofthegovernmentwhereby

itacquireslandfromitsownersinordertopursuecertainpublicpurpose.

Thisacquisitionmaybeagainstthewilloftheownersbutcompensationis

paid to the owners or persons interested in the land. This can be

distinguished from an outright purchase of land from the market. Land

Acquisitionsby the government generallyarecompulsory innature,not

payingheedtotheownersunwillingnesstopartwiththeland

5.3 LANDACQUISITIONUNDERPPPINITIATIVES

ThoughLandAcquisitionprocessandprocedureswouldbe thesameas

in normal course of business traditionally adopted by the government

however under public private partnership theme more deliberations are


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required and the responsibilities on part of the various institutions

involved would be required to draw to a close more effectively and

efficiently.

Issues involved in Land Acquisitions under PPP need to be addressed

technicallyandprofessionally.Astheentireresponsibilitytoacquireland

forconstructionofproposeddevelopmentlieswiththeGovernment.The

governments commitment and necessary arrangements towards Land

Acquisitionarethegesturestotheprivatesectorandbuildconfidenceand

reliabilityofprivatesectortoparticipateinthebiddingprocess.

The following factors must be taken into account in case of launching

publicprivatepartnershipinitiatives.

5.3.1 Feasibility Study Including Land Acquisition Cost

Estimates

Conductingfeasibilitystudyisanintegralpartofthewholeprocess

ofexecuting theproject.Feasibilitystudy is thekeycomponentof

project preparation and a technical working document for project

appraisal. Any PPP project regardless of its scale and nature can

have longterm implications with a great deal at stake once it is

implemented. A feasibility study therefore needs to be authentic,

accurate

and

comprehensive.

It

should

be

a

complete

document

capturing all aspects of the project and thereby allowing the

Government Agency, PPP Cell, PPP Steering Committee and

potential private sector investors to make informed investment

decisions.Feasibilitystudyshouldinclude:

CostestimatesforLandAcquisitionincludingdetailedsurvey Structuring&Designingofproject Projectneedsandbenefits EnvironmentalAssessments SocialImpactAssessments Engineeringdesign&costestimatesforconstruction Constructionschedule CostEstimatesofconstructionandalliedservicesduringproject

lifecycle

HumanResourcerequirementsoverprojectlifecycle FinancialModelingforvariousPPPoptions


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Economic&FinancialAnalysisalongwithjustifications Risksinvolved ResettlementPlanincludingissuesandmitigationmeasures ProjectmanagementplanandschedulingThe consultants conducting feasibility study should conduct

detailedphysicalsurveyoftheproposedsitefordevelopmentand

producethenecessarydatarelatedtothecharacteristicsoftheland,

facilitiesavailable,governmentstructuresetc.Whileestimatingthe

costof the landandotherstructuresshouldalsoconductdetailed

analyticalsurveyof theentire location toarriveatreasonableand

fair market value. However, the cost estimate calculated in

feasibility study would provide the baseline data and estimate to

the government agency for further arrangement of finances to

acquire land.HoweverfinalvaluationofLandAcquisitionwillbedetermined under the rules and procedures prescribed in Land

AcquisitionAct1894.

5.3.2 LandAcquisitionProcessCompletionTime.

As mentioned above in section 4.3 the government commitment

towards Land Acquisition for the proposed development project

wouldbuild theconfidenceof theprivatesectoratanearlystage.

Under

the

PPP

initiatives

it

is

desired

that

the

Land

Acquisition

process is completed and finalized till the selection of the private

partner. International experiences have shown that delayed or

partlyLandAcquisitionhamperedtheentireprojectintermsofits

costsandtimeandatthesametimeprivatepartnermaynotbeable

tofulfillitsquotedprices.

InordertomaketheprojectsuccessfulLandAcquisitionisdesired

tobecompleted till theselectionof theprivatepartnerso that the

projectmaybeexecutedinaccordancewiththeprojectconstruction

schedule.

ThoughLandAcquisitionAct1894doesnotmentionanytimelines1

tobeadheredafterissuanceofcertainnoticeshoweverifnecessary

1 Board of Revenue Department has proposed certain amendments in Land Acquisition Act 1894 including

timelines for certain actions and sent case to Law Department for further incorporation and approval.


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required tasks are completed efficiently, the required land can be

acquiredinashortestpossibletime.

5.3.3 FinancingArrangements

Keeping in view the fact that governmental resources are limited

and financing needs of the Land Acquisition, which require

massivefundsformegaprojects,aretobemanagedinaccordance

with the requirements of the projects so that the project may be

started in accordance with the construction schedule and project

managementplan. In thisregard,governmentagencyshould take

all necessary arrangements for timely approval, allocation and

releaseoffundsfortheLandAcquisition.

AlthoughLandAcquisitionact1894permitsgovernmenttoacquireprivate land for development purposes and the procedures laid

downintheActareverycandidandaddressthemostconcerning

point of determining compensation to the effected persons,

however,thisalldependsontheavailabilityoffinances.Iffinances

are secured for acquiring land then under LAA the land can be

acquired inaminimumshortestpossible time.Withregard to the

arrangement of funds government must take such arrangements

that the funds to acquire lands are arranged promptly when

required.

UnderLandAcquisitionAct1894noticeundersection5cannotbe

issued until assessed amount is deposited in the account of

collectorforissuanceofcompensationtoAffectedPersons.

5.3.4 MinimizeLandSpeculation

Land Speculation is also the critical point in Land Acquisition

processwhereby ifnecessaryarrangementsarenot taken then the

governmenthastopayhugeextraresources.Governmentneedsto

takeneededstepsunderthelawstominimizeoreliminatetheland

speculation.

Land Acquisition process under Land Acquisition act 1894 starts

withissuanceofnotificationundersection4showingintentionof

the government to acquire the specific land. Land Speculation


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takesplaceduringthetimewhichinvolvesthephysicalsurveyand

identification of ownership of the land to be acquired. An effort

shouldbemadetocompleteallthesurveysattheearliestpossible

timeandfinancestobearrangedsothatnoticeundersection5may

beissued.Afterissuanceofnoticeundersection5thepricesofthe

landaredeterminedonaveragebasisduring lastoneyear.Hence

in case of delay in issuance of notice under section 5, land

speculationmayriseandgovernmentwillhave tobearmorecost

onacquiringland.

5.3.5 InstitutionalArrangements CoordinationwithConcerned

Departments

The Land Acquisition process involves many departments which

include the relevant government agency, Board of Revenue,Finance Department and Planning & Development Department.

TheGovernmentagencyshallensurethattherelevanttasksforthe

concerned departments have been assigned to them and on

continuous basis coordinate with them to ensure that the entire

LandAcquisitionprocessisbeingimplementedinaccordancewith

theLandAcquisitionManagementPlan(LAMP).

5.3.5.1 EstablishmentofCommittee

A high level committee for troubleshooting and to oversee the

entireprocessofLandAcquisitionmaybeestablishedandnotified.

Thecommitteeshalllookintotheissuesinvolvedinacquiringland,

arrangement of finances more particularly. The Committee shall

consistofthefollowing:

ChairmanP&DBoard(Chair) SecretaryofConcernedGovernmentAgency SecretaryofFinanceDepartment SeniorMemberBoardofRevenue


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5.4 LANDACQUISITIONMANAGEMENTPLAN(LAMP)

As Land Acquisition for any development is one of the most important

andcomplexphaseofprojectlife,thereforeitneedstobedealtwithvery

carefully and technically. Acquiring Land from private owners is a

sensitivetaskwhichmayresult insterngrievancesof inhabitants.In this

regardpoliticalwillisalsoanimportantelement.

In order to proceed with the Land Acquisition, the government agency

should prepare a comprehensive and logical Land Acquisition

Management Plan (LAMP). The plan should address the key issues

involved in acquiring land and its mitigation measures. LAMP should

includebutnotlimitedtothefollowingingredients:

5.4.1 General

Includeageneralbriefandbackgroundoftheproposedproject.

5.4.2 ProjectDescription

LAMP should provide overview of thekey features of the project

alongwithitsjustificationincluding:

Background&Purposeoftheprojectabriefdescriptionofthenatureandsizeoftheproject

Objectivesoftheproject Locationoftheproject Sizeormagnitudeoftheoperation,includingcostestimates,and

associatedactivities

Proposedconstructionschedule Anyotherrelevantinformation5.4.3 Characteristics & categorization of Land to be Acquired(BaselineData)

Feasibility study initiated by the Government agencies should

declarethegeographicalandothercharacteristicsofthe landtobe

acquired for the proposed project by conducting topographic and

othersurveysandproducingengineeringmapsanddrawings.The


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geographicalinformationshouldbecategorizedintermsoftypeof

land,typeofbuiltupstructuresandshouldbeelaboratedinLAMP

including:

Federal/ProvincialGovernmentorPrivatebelongings UrbanorCommercial Agriculture(Fertile/Infertile) Residential Residential&CommercialbuiltupStructures Trees&Forests Crops Businesstypes Livestock

5.4.4 Survey&CensusofLand&EconomicActivities

Detailedphysicalsurveyoftheland,beingacquiredfordevelopment

purposes, shall provide the information with regard to individuals

living pattern, related population, individual and collective assets,

(including house, land, crops, buildings, cropping, trees, animals),

businessactivitiesandothercharacteristicsofexistinginfrastructure.

The collected data would be helpful both for determining

entitlements for compensation to affected persons and for

resettlements.

Detailed

physical

survey

should

be

exhaustive

and

shouldincludethefollowingbutnotlimitedto:

5.4.4.1HouseHold&IndividualCensus

Assigninguniquecodetoeachhousehold Numberandparticularsofhouseholdmembers Gender&MaritalStatusofeachperson Religionandcastofeachperson Education&occupations Basisofincome&livelihoods Disabilities


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5.4.4.2LandTenure

Type of land ownership (ownentirely; own share; rent;sharecrop;squat;informaluseright)

IfownedbyHH,nameofHHmember IfnotownedbyHH,nameandparticularsofowner Ifownshare,nameofcoowner Ifownshare,name&particularsofcoowner Ifinformaluseright,defineagreement Numberofyearsinuse5.4.4.3LandUse

SizeofLand Areausedfordwelling Areausedforbusinessifany Areausedforagricultureproduces&Forest Areausedforlivestock&fisheries Areaaffectedbyproject Areaunderwastelandandgrassland5.4.4.4Structures

Government

or

private

owned

Typeofstructure Use&Sizeofstructure Number&Sizeofrooms Wall,flooring&roofingmaterial Numberofdoorsandwindows Number&typeoffencingused Anyothercharacteristics5.4.4.5Livestock

Numberandtypeoflivestock&animals Breedsofanimals Ownerships Outputbeingderivedfromlivestockproduces


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5.4.4.6Agriculture&Production

Typesofcrops Number&typesofagricultureequipment Ownershipofcrops&equipments Totalyearlyproductionofeachcrop Useofcrop(PersonalorSelling) Averageyieldofeachcrop Seasonalityofyearlyproductioncycle Numberoflabourexceptfamilymembers Marketwhereproduceissold Totalincomederivedfromagricultureproduces5.4.4.7Trees

Number&typeoftrees Ownership Ageoftrees Averageyieldoffruits Yearlyproductionfromtrees Useofproduces(HomeorSelling) Incomebeingderivedfromproduces.

5.4.4.8

Business

Inventory

Typeofbusiness Ownershipofbusiness Number&typesofbusinessequipments Numberofemployees Seasonalityofbusiness Incomebeingderivedfrombusiness Suppliersdetailsprovidinginputs


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Compensation mechanism should be transparent that each and

everyAffectedPersongetsthereasonableandfairmarketvalueof

hisorherassetsbeingacquiredbythegovernment.

5.4.9 TimeLinesforAcquiringland

Timelines to acquire land for project construction under Public

Private Partnership approach are decisive. Government agency in

LAMP should fix the timelines in consultation with the concerned

departments, to be engaged for Land Acquisition, and keeping in

viewtheprojectconstructionschedulesothattheprojectisexecuted

swiftlyinaccordancewiththeprojectimplementationschedule.

5.4.10 RequiredGovernmentApprovals

GovernmentAgencyshallcharacterizenecessaryarrangementsand

stepstobetakentoseekvariousgovernmentalapprovalsatvarious

levelsofLandAcquisitionprocess.

5.4.11 OwnershipofLand

Government Agency shall identify the ownerships of the assets

being acquired by the Government and prepare a comprehensive

database

of

the

owners.

In

this

regard

government

agency

will

coordinate with Board of Revenue for accurate and updated

ownershipdetails.

5.4.12 Monitoring&Evaluation

LAMP should clearly state the mechanism for monitoring and

evaluation through out the whole process of Land Acquisition.

Monitoring and Evaluation may also include the internal and

externalmonitoring.

5.4.13 ConclusionsandRecommendations

Governmentagencyshouldclearly indicate therecommendations

andnecessarymitigationmeasuresrequiredformakingthewhole

LandAcquisitionprocessswift.


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5.5 UnsolicitedProposal

In case of unsolicited proposal received by any Government Agency

where the bidder hasprepared thedetailed feasibility study but did not

conduct survey and work on estimating Land Acquisition cost the

government agency in this scenario shall conduct the detailed study on

detailed estimates and other particulars of the land to be acquired

provided government agency is satisfied with other contents of the

feasibilitystudy.

6.0 RESETTLEMENT&REHABILITATION

Most development projects have the potential to create resettlement

effects.Developmentprojects thatchangepatternsof landuseandother

naturalresourcesgenerallycauseresettlementeffects.Resettlementeffectsmaybeeitherphysicaloreconomic.

PhysicalResettlement:istheactualphysicalrelocationofpeopleresulting

fromlossofhomes,productiveassets,oraccesstoproductiveassets.

Economic Resettlement: results from an action that interrupts or

eliminates peoples access to productive assets without physically

relocatingthemselves.

6.1

Involuntary

Resettlement`

Resettlement is involuntarywhen thedisplacedpersonsdonothave the

power to refuse resettlement nor the option tostay behind. The affected

personshavenorecourse tooppose theacquisitionof landregardlessof

theirdesiretocontinuelivingorusingtheaffectedland.

6.2 ResettlementActionPlan(RAP)

6.2.1 RequirementofResettlementActionPlan

Any development project that causes the physical or economic

resettlement of affected persons requires the preparation of a

ResettlementActionPlan.Anydevelopmentprojectmaybe:

Anyinvoluntaryresettlement


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List of alternatives considered to avoid or minimizeresettlement, describe alternative options considered to

avoidorminimizeLandAcquisitionanditseffects.

Explaintheresultsoftheseefforts explainwhyremainingeffectsareunavoidable

DescribethemainobjectivesoftheRAP Quantifieddataandprovidearationaleforthefinal

decision.

6.3.3 ScopeofLandAcquisitionandResettlement

This section shall include the overall scope and define the

demographic,assetsandeconomiccharacteristicsoftheland

tobe required including justifications andshall include the

followings: Discussestheprojectspotentialimpacts,andincludesmaps

of the areas or zone of impact of project components or

activities;

DescribesthescopeofLandAcquisition(providemaps)andexplainswhyitisnecessaryforthemaininvestmentproject;

Summarizes the key effects in termsof assets acquired anddisplacedpersons

Providesdetailsofanycommonpropertyresourcesthatwillbe

acquired.

CountrysframeworkforLandAcquisitionthrougheminentdomainandotherregulatorymeasures

Policies,laws,andguidelinesrelatingLandAcquisitionandresettlement


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6.3.4 SocioeconomicInformationandProfile

Outline the results of the social impact assessment, the

census survey, and other studies, with information and/or

datadisaggregatedbygender,vulnerability,andothersocial

groupingsincluding:

Define,identify,andenumeratethepeopleandcommunitiestobeaffected

Describe the likely impactsof landandassetacquisitiononthepeopleandcommunitiesaffectedtakingsocial,cultural,

andeconomicparametersintoaccount

Discusstheprojectsimpactsonthepoor,indigenousand/orethnicminorities,andothervulnerablegroupsand

Identify gender and resettlement impacts, and thesocioeconomic situation, impacts, needs, and priorities of

women.

6.3.5 Consultation,PublicParticipationandGrievanceRedress

Participation is a process by which Affected Persons assume

responsibility over their lives. Participation is most important

becausethesuccessofresettlement, likethesuccessofmostofthe

projects that cause it, depends in part upon the responsiveness of

thoseaffected.Itwouldinclude:

Description of all stakeholders who will be involved in theconsultationprocessparticularlyprimarystakeholders.

Description of the consultation and participation processwith affected persons, host community, NGOs, and local

government and related authorities conducted and to be

conductedinthedifferentstagesoftheprojectcycle.

Describes the activities undertaken to disseminate projectand resettlement information during project design andpreparationforengagingstakeholders

Descriptionoftheparticipationmechanismstofacilitatetheconsultationprocess.

Summarizes the results of consultations with affectedpersons (including host communities), and discusses how


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concernsraisedandrecommendationsmadewereaddressed

intheresettlementplan

Disclosureofthedraftresettlementplantoaffectedpersonsandincludesarrangementstodiscloseanysubsequentplans

Describes the planned information disclosure measures(including the type of information to be disseminated and

the method of dissemination) and the process for

consultation with affected persons during project

implementation.

Descriptionofthegrievanceredressframework6.3.6 PolicyFrameworkandLegalFramework

Describethepolicyandlegalframeworktobefollowedwhile

preparingresettlementplanandshallinclude:

Nationalprevailinglaws Incaseofdonor funded projectsadherence to the policiesand

regulationsofthedonoragencies.

Description of key national, donor related (where applicable)and project specific compensation and resettlement policies,

lawsandguidelinesthatapplytotheproject

Include the analysis of the policies, laws, regulations andguidelinesrelevanttoresettlementactivitiesoftheproject

Description of any compensation guidelines, methodologiesusedtovaluelosses,proposedtypesandlevelsofcompensation

to be paid, compensation and assistance eligibility criteria and

howandwhencompensationwillbepaid

describesthelegalandpolicycommitmentsfromtheexecutingagencyforalltypesofdisplacedpersons;

DescribestheLandAcquisitionprocessandprepareascheduleformeetingkeyproceduralrequirements.

6.3.7 Entitlements,AssistanceandBenefits

Regarding the entitlement to compensation government agency

shouldensurethatResettlementActionPlancatersforall theproject

affected persons, determine eligibility for compensation and other

resettlementassistance.


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Specifies all assistance to vulnerable groups, includingwomen,andotherspecialgroups;

PrepareanEntitlementmatrix Work out the packages of compensation and other

resettlement measures that will assist each category of

eligibledisplacedpersons

Establish a timetable for payment of compensation anddelivery of related entitlements to each category of eligible

people

Outlines opportunities for affected persons to deriveappropriatedevelopmentbenefitsfromtheproject.

6.3.8 RelocationPlanning

ResettlementactivitiesrequirerelocationofsomeAPsortheentireproject affected community, with the purpose to recreate living

conditions at new site/s. Efforts should be made to reduce or

minimize the relocation as much as possible, by weighing

alternative options for main project. Depending upon the scale of

relocation involved, all the options should be considered and

different relocation strategies be reviewed by the concerned

government agency, keeping in view the sociocultural and

religious profiles of both the displaced persons and host

communities.

It

shall

also

be

necessary

to

develop

the

relocation

sites along with essential utilities, before any relocation activity

takesplace.Therelocationsitesshouldpreferablywithinthesame

region.

This component will include details of site selection,sitepreparationandrelocationdetailsincluding:

Listofalternativerelocationsitesthatwereconsideredandreasoning.

Information relating to the provision of housing,infrastructure,andsocialservices

Describes options for relocating housing and otherstructures, including replacement housing,

replacementcashcompensationetc.

Describe efforts to protect, move and restore culturalproperty and relocation of artifacts and structures

associatedwithreligious.


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Include a description of the boundaries of therelocationareaandanassessmentoftheenvironmental

impacts

Relocation schedule including timetables for sitepreparationandtransfer.

describes the legal arrangements to regularize tenureandtransfertitlestoresettledpersons;

Describehowintegrationwithhostpopulationswillbecarriedout.

6.3.9 Income&LivelihoodRestoration

Resettlementtobeplannedasaresultofdevelopmentactivity

for the affected persons. Those bearing the burdens of

displacement deserve to be beneficiaries of the projectsaffecting them and resettlement plans accordingly should

provide opportunities for restoring and increasing the

incomesandlivingstandardsofthoseaffectedandfollowing

tobeincluded:

Describetheprocessofconsultationwithaffectedpersons(including women and vulnerable groups) regarding

incomerestorationplanningandimplementation

Description of income restoration programmes includingmultipleoptions.

Shortterm&Longtermstrategiesforincomerestoration. Analysis of existing economic activities and patterns of

severelyaffectedAPstoassesstheirneeds.

Special measures for affected persons disadvantaged intermsofincomegenerationandemployment

Specialmeasures forwomenandvulnerablegroupsafterconsultation

Analysis of economic activities of all effected persons toassesstheirneedstoestablishbaseline

Describetrainingprograms Describe framework for institutional supervision and

evaluation


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6.3.10 ResettlementBudgetandFinancingPlan

The development projects which requires considerable

resettlements also requires large financing in order to resettle the

affectedpersonsandfor incomeand livelihoodrestoration.In this

regard comprehensive financial requirements are to be estimated

andnecessaryfinancingarrangementsshouldbeinplacefortimely

effectivenessoftheresettlementeffects.Followingsmayshouldbe

includedintheRAP.

Itemized budget for all resettlement activities,including compensation for Land Acquisition. The

annual resettlement budget should show the budget

scheduled expenditure for key items including

resettlementunit,monitoringandevaluationetc. Include a justification for all assumptions made in

calculatingcompensationratesandothercostestimates

(taking into account both physical and cost

contingencies

IncludeinformationaboutthesourceoffundingfortheResettlementActionPlan(RAP)budget

6.3.11 InstitutionalArrangements

The RAP must identify and provide details on the roles and

responsibilitiesofallorganizationsinvolvedincludingpublic

or private, governmental or nongovernmental that will be

responsible for resettlement activities. The capacity of these

organizations to carry out their responsibilities should be

assessed for the effective delivery. This section should cover

thefollowings:

Describes institutional arrangement responsibilitiesand mechanisms for carrying out the measures of the

resettlementplan;

Includesinstitutionalcapacitybuildingprogram DescribesroleofNGOs,ifinvolved,andorganizations

of affected persons in resettlement planning and

management;

Describes how womens groups will be involved in


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resettlementplanningandmanagement,

6.3.12 ImplementationSchedule

This section includes a detailed, time bound, implementation

schedule for all key resettlement and rehabilitation activities. The

implementation schedule should cover all aspects of resettlement

activities synchronized with the project schedule of civil works

construction,andprovideLandAcquisitionprocessandtimeline.

6.3.13 Monitoring&Evaluation

The RAP must provide a coherent monitoring plan that identifies

the organizational responsibilities, the methodology and the

schedule for monitoring and reporting and procedures. The

followingsshouldbeincluded:

Institutional arrangements to monitor resettlementactivitiesbythegovernmentagencyincludinginternal

andexternalmonitoringarrangements

Describe financial arrangements to carry out bothinternalandexternalmonitoringarrangements

Describeinternalmonitoringprocessandprovidealistofmonitoringindicators

Describeexternalmonitoringprocessandprovidealistofmonitoringindicators

Describe frequency of reporting and content for bothinternalandexternalmonitoring

Describeprocessforintegratingfeedbackfrominternalandexternalmonitoringintoimplementation

Evaluation of the impact of the resettlement for areasonable period after all the resettlement and

development

activities

has

been

completed.


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Table7.1 LandAcquisitionAssessmentIndicators&InformationSources

LandAcquisitionAssessmentIndicators InformationSources

1. Quantityoflandrequired Planningdocuments,includingengineeringdesignsandmaps

2. Locationandownershipoflandrequired Fieldsverification

3. Useoflandrequired Landacquisitionlawsandregulatoryprocedures

4. Determiningnecessityofinvoluntarylandacquisition

Informationfromprojectimplementingagencies

5. Legalprocessofassetacquisition Informationfromimplementingagency.

6. Proposedtimingoflandacquisition,

includingdetails

regarding

land

already

ac uired

Projectplanningdocuments

7. LandUse Secondarydata(governmentstatistics;

socialordemographicresearch)

8(a) Productiveuse(e.g.,agriculturalor

commercial),includingpresentuseofpubliclands

designatedfortheproject,andincludingseasonal

orperiodicuses;estimatednumberofhouseholds

affectedineachcategory.

8(b) Estimatednumberofresidentialhouseholdsaffected,sortedbycategoryofstructure(e.g. byconstructionmaterials).

Fieldsverification

8(c) Tenurialstatusofpresentusers.

8(d) Presenceofsquattersorencroachers.

8(e) Presenceofpublicorcommunityinfrastructure.8(f) Presenceofcultural,historical,orsacredsites.8(g) Presenceofnaturalconservationsitesor

Programs

Fieldsverification

InstitutionalCapacity InformationSources

9. Whichadministrativeentitiesaretobe

involvedinlandacquisition?

Implementingagency

10. WhichpersonnelareresponsibleforRAP

preparationandimplementation?

Implementingagency

11. Whatisthecurrentcapacityoftheseentitiesandpersonneltomanagelandacquisitionandresettlementimplementation?

Landacquisitionlawsandregulatoryprocedures


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Table7.2 SampleBudgetPlanforaResettlementActionPlan

Item

Cost

(Rs.) Comment Timing

Source o f

Funds

Channel of

Disbursement

Operations

Salaries

Office/Administration

Transporta tion

Miscellaneous

Compensation

To Landow ners for

agricultural land

For crop productionfor landowners and

tenants

For dwellings and

Struc tures

For house-plots

For trees

For ente rprises

For mo ving

Land ac quisition & resettlement planning

Land ac quisition

Site p lanning

Infrastruc ture

Monitoring & evaluation

RAP mo nitoring

RAP evaluation

Community development

Ag ricultural extension

services

Small enterp rises

Revolving credit

Com mon fac ilities

Contingency

TOTAL


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8.0 REFERENCES

AsianDevelopmentBanksSafeguardPolicyStatement(June2009)

land acquisition & resettlement guidelines

Documents