landscape issues study - menheniot...

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the landscape of the Menheniot

Parish NDP’s designated area so as to identify any characteristic landscape features that

should be protected or reflected in development proposals

Landscape Issues Study Menheniot Parish Neighbourhood Development Plan 2019 to 2030

Menheniot NDP Steering Group

Menheniot Neighbourhood Development Plan 2019-2030 Landscape Issues Study 1

Prepared by Menheniot Neighbourhood Development Plan Steering Group with the assistance of Steve Besford-Foster, BA(Hons), DMS, MRTPI.


MENHENIOT PARISH NEIGHBOURHOOD DEVELOPMENT PLAN LANDSCAPE ISSUES STUDY

1. PURPOSE OF STUDY 1.1 The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the landscape of the Menheniot Parish NDP’s designated area so as to identify any characteristic landscape features that should be protected or reflected in development proposals so as to conserve the distinctive qualities of the setting for the Parish’s several villages. This may be achieved by the inclusion of specific criteria within development management policies.

1.2 The assessment is also intended to identify any areas which are considered locally to be of sufficient character to be more than just a collection of features, but rather a distinct ‘cherished’ area which fulfils a role as part of the enjoyment of daily life of those who live and work in the area. It may be appropriate to adopt land use policies which conserve these areas or the views to and across them.

1.3 The study area is the entire Parish.

Map 1: The NDP Designated Area


2. BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY 2.1 Natural England’s guidance1 states that “Landscape character may be defined as a distinct and recognisable pattern of elements, or characteristics, in the landscape that make one landscape different from another, rather than better or worse”.

2.2 Landscape character assessment (LCA) is the process of identifying and describing the combination of elements and features that make landscapes distinctive in character. By mapping and describing character types and areas, the process shows how the landscape is perceived, experienced and valued by people. The Isles of Scilly Landscape Character Study breaks the landscape down onto as a series of Character Areas (CA), and analyses them by their key landscape characteristics, geology and soils, topography and drainage, biodiversity, land cover, land use, field and woodland pattern, settlement pattern, transport pattern, historic features, condition, pressures, aesthetic and sensory aspects and distinctive features, before setting a vision with objectives, planning and management guidelines for each area.

Map 2: AGLV in the NDP Designated area

2.3 ‘Landscape value’ is a summary assessment taking into account landscape and scenic quality, rarity, representativeness of types of landscapes, conservation interests, recreation value, perceptual aspects and cultural associations. Cornwall Council and its predecessors have already carried out landscape character assessments of the entire county and have identified areas regarded as having ‘great’ landscape value (AGLVs), which supplement the much earlier assessments made by Natural England’s predecessors in which led to the creation of the Cornwall AONB (1959) and later the Tamar Valley AONB (1995) as areas of landscape with a significant landscape value of national importance.

2.4 The Menheniot NDP Steering Group has used this material and its own understanding, as local people, of what the local community value in the landscape, to make its own assessment of the landscape of Menheniot Parish from a local perspective, to identify any aspects which need protection or support. This has been achieved through analysis of engagement feedback and group discussion in the context of the formal material.

3. LOCALLY CHERISHED LANDSCAPES 3.1 The presence of landscape designations such as AONB and AGLV is an indicator of widely recognised landscape value but does not mean that an undesignated area does not have value. Landscapes and views of them play an important role in shaping our appreciation and understanding of our environment, at both liminal and subliminal levels. The existence of particular and familiar landscapes and views adds to peoples’ enjoyment of places, their sense of place and local distinctiveness, and even their sense of belonging to a particular place and community. In this sense they are locally cherished. Whilst landscapes and views of them can become cherished because of the presence of distinctive and important buildings and landscapes, they can also be cherished because they frame the setting for people’s everyday existence within their community and family life, having value as the place where their life experiences occur. This ‘attachment to the ordinary landscape’ has important implications for psychological and thereby to social well-being2 and must be therefore be an essential element in sustainable development. It means that landscapes and views do not have to be nationally or regionally special in the usually applied sense to justify protection.

3.2 Town and Country Planning and the legislative/policy framework with which it is delivered tends to emphasise special in a national or county-wide perspective, and thus many ordinary landscapes

1 An Approach to Landscape Character Assessment. Reference NE579. Christine Tudor, Natural England. October 2014. 2 Much interest in so-called ‘place attachment’ has been shown in the fields of psychology and sociology. ‘Attachment to the Ordinary Landscape’ by Robert B. Riley in ‘Place Attachment’ a reader in the subject by Irwin Altman, Setha M. Low, which can be found on Google Books, provides a useful overview.


tend to be disregarded in the assessment of development proposals. Neighbourhood Plans, rooted to community self-determination and localism, provide the opportunity to redress this imbalance as part of their task in delivering sustainable developments.

3.3 The characteristics that make a cherished landscape can be categorized. We can be guided in this by the comments received during the community engagement work carried out in Menheniot Parish during the summer of 2016, when many local people referred to a perceived special character that made the Parish what it is for them. Key themes in this were the peace and tranquillity of the area, it’s very rural character and the pleasant countryside between the settlements.

3.4 The categories for consideration might include: • Those derived from principles of townscape and landscape quality, which underpin the area’s

varied character and appearance. These include: - o Views of specific buildings from specific viewpoints, for example the spire of St

Lalluway’s Church seen from the high ground to the north or glimpsed through the breaks in hedgerows formed by field gates, and from trains on the GW main line.

o Panoramas from specific viewpoints encompassing a broad vista containing many objects of interest. Prospects often giving 180 degree or wider visibility, notably those from the high ground in the east of the Parish, up to distant Bodmin Moor, or into the valleys of Tiddy and Seaton.

• Those which are associated with a sense of permanence and continuity: from a human perspective, many elements of the landscape are fixed or change very slowly providing a strong sense of place and reassurance. For example, the views across historic landscapes, such as the ‘Churchtown’ surrounding the Church at the heart of Menheniot village.

• Those which are associated with memories and associations: Individuals and communities may associate certain landscapes with particular experiences, for example childhood play (the running field, the scary woods), social encounters (the Cherry Fair, first kisses), happy times (walks with a lost loved one) etc.

• Those which underpin diversity and character: The distinctiveness and character of a landscape helps define a sense of place at both local and wider levels. For example, the framing view of Coldrennick Viaduct, or the open vistas of the plateau with its occasional but very prominent landmark trees, the steeply winding high hedged lanes that drop down into the river valleys,

• Those which project national identity: All landscapes are part of our national identity, but some project a special sense of ‘Cornishness’. This is particular true of long landscape views, such as those from train windows as they pass through the Parish,

• Those which associate with local cultural activity: for example, important processional assembly and processional routes.

• Those with sensory aspects: for example, areas where the Church clock can be heard tolling the hours, or valley side woodlands with the seasonal hue of bluebells, and the distinctive flush and smell of wood garlic in spring.

4. PLANNING POLICY NATIONAL PLANNING POLICY FRAMEWORK 2018 Key messages include

4.1 Planning policies should contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment (para 170) whilst good design is a key aspect of sustainable development, creates better places in which to live and work and helps make development acceptable to communities (para 124). Heritage assets are an irreplaceable resource, and should be conserved in a manner appropriate to their significance, so that they can be enjoyed for their contribution to the quality of life of existing and future generations.

4.2 Planning policies should:


• Protect and enhance valued landscapes (Para 170a) • Recognise the intrinsic character and beauty of the countryside, and the wider benefits from

natural capital and ecosystem services (Para 170b) • Protect tranquil areas which have remained relatively undisturbed by noise and are prized

for their recreational and amenity value for this reason (Para 180b). • Limit the impact of light pollution from artificial light on local amenity, intrinsically dark

landscapes and nature conservation (Para 180c). • Be grounded in an understanding and evaluation of each area’s defining characteristics,

identifying the special qualities of each area and explaining how this should be reflected in development Para 125)

• Ensure that developments function well, are visually attractive, are sympathetic to local character and history, allow an appropriate amount and mix, and create places that are safe, inclusive and healthy (para 127)

• Not permit development of poor design that fails to take the opportunities available for improving the character and quality of an area and the way it functions (Para 130),

• Set out a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment

CORNWALL LOCAL PLAN 2016 Key messages include

4. 3 Policy 23: Natural environment

1. Development proposals will need to sustain local distinctiveness and character and protect and where possible enhance Cornwall’s natural environment and assets according to their international, national and local significance.

2. Cornish Landscapes. Development should be of an appropriate scale, mass and design that recognises and respects landscape character of both designated and un-designated landscapes. Development must take into account and respect the sensitivity and capacity of the landscape asset, considering cumulative impact and the wish to maintain dark skies and tranquillity in areas that are relatively undisturbed, using guidance from the Cornwall Landscape Character Assessment and supported by the descriptions of Areas of Great Landscape Value

4.4 Policy 24 covers the protection of historic character and assets.

4.5 The Liskeard and Looe CNA section of the Local Plan states that Liskeard’s setting on its hilltop overlooking wide tranches of landscape is an important characteristic. Much of Menheniot Parish lies in the within this setting

5. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 5.1 This section presents a summary of the national and local character areas followed by a localised character assessment.

NATIONAL LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 5.2 National Character Area (NCA) 152 Cornish Killas is a large area covering much of Cornwall including the whole of the Parish. Its key characteristics are comprehensively described in the Natural England Profile for the area (NE 547).

LOCAL LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 5.3 Cornwall’s landscape character is identified and described in the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Landscape Character Study as a series of Character Areas (CA). The Parish is covered by CA 23 Looe River Valleys, CA22 South East Cornwall Plateau and by CA24 Seaton River Valley to the east, CA32


Bodmin Moor to the north, and the SE Cornwall Plateau CA22 centrally. To the west is the Lyhner and Tiddy River Valley CA 25.

Map 2: Landscape Character Areas

5.4 CA 23 Looe River Valleys Key Features

• Deep narrow wooded twin river valley (East Looe) flowing south into the sea at Looe. • Small narrow well wooded valleys feed into the main streams creating an intricate drainage

network • Mainly dense broadleaved woodland on valley slopes, with some improved pastoral

farmland above • Within and linking to the broadleaved woodland on the valley bottoms are small fragmented

areas of wetland, with Fens, and on the valley sides neutral grassland, bracken and scrub. • Semi-natural habitats in the small sheltered valleys are linked by a network of Cornish

hedges, many having mature trees, creating linear woodlands between the fields.

5.5 CA22 South East Cornwall Plateau Key Features.

• An extensive, sloping, gently rolling plateau incised by small steep-sided valleys sloping towards the coast.

• An agricultural working, open, pastoral landscape with improved grassland and arable areas becoming more small scale in landscape character towards the east.

CA 22 SE Cornwall Plateau

CA 22 SE Cornwall Plateau

CA 23 Looe Valley Rivers

CA24 Seaton River Valley

CA 25 Lynher and Tiddy River Valley

CA 32 Bodmin Moor


• Field pattern is almost entirely medieval Anciently Enclosed Land with some areas of Recently Enclosed Land found only in the north associated with the intake of high rough ground.

• Tree cover is generally sparse, mainly associated with Cornish hedges broken by scattered ‘landmark’ trees in boundaries, and around farms and buildings.

• Woodland mostly follows the small stream valleys that drain into the river valleys below, and include some Upland Oakwood, Lowland Mixed Deciduous Woodland, Upland Mixed Ashwoods and Wet Woodland within larger areas of broadleaved woodland (some Ancient Woodland). Scrub and bracken are found on the steeper slopes.

• Dispersed settlement pattern with isolated farms and large modern houses, especially close to road network. Some large villages inland but noticeable modern development in hamlets and as isolated large units.

Photo 1: Looking north from Menheniot, into the plateau and upper reach of a Seaton tributary, illustrating modern intrusions into the landscape – OHP Lines, Solar PV farm and large redevelopment of a residential property.

Photo 2: Looking south from the plateau, across the Seaton Valley, into the AGLV


Photo 3: Looking north from the southern upslope of the Seaton valley, with the unusual spire of St Lalluwy’s Church notable on the W edge of the village.

Photo 4: Looking NW across the plateau, larger open fields, shallow hedges, and powerlines.

Photo 5: On the plateau, occasional landmark trees stand stark against the winter sunshine.

5.6 CA24 Seaton River Valley Key Features

• steep sided and twisting cutting through the plateau of the neighbouring Landscape Character Area 22 (South East Cornwall Plateau)

• becomes more enclosed as it travels to the south, where woodland and conifer plantations clothe the valley sides.

• The little side valleys are very heavily wooded and more or less inaccessible, giving a Intimate, remote, small scale and secret character.

• Small lanes enclosed by tall Cornish hedges, dense with flowering vegetation.


• Upland Oakwood, Upland Mixed Ashwoods and Lowland Mixed Deciduous on the lower valley slopes, some Ancient Woodland

• Most of the farmed land is improved grassland with little arable land medieval field pattern dominates

• ecological corridors are intact, with continuous patch survival and moderate land use. Impact of transport corridor is localised but high especially near the A38.

• Historic mill sites, railway viaducts and road bridges are the most obvious historic features in the LCA.

5.7 CA 25 Lynher and Tiddy River Valley Key Features

• River Tiddy rises near Pensilva, and collecting from steep narrow and sinuous little side valley feeder streams, runs through farmland in a valley with strongly undulating sides.

• Network of Cornish hedges link the semi-natural habitats in the small valleys, and many have mature trees, creating linear woodlands between the fields.

• High proportion of broadleaved woodland, with Upland Oakwood, Upland Mixed Ashwoods and Lowland Mixed Deciduous, some within Ancient Woodland.

• In the upper parts of the valleys, small areas of Wet Woodland along the valley bottoms are associated with small fragmented areas of wetlands, including Fens

• Mainly medieval Anciently Enclosed Land • An intimate, tight landscape of narrow winding lanes with overhanging trees and small

streams gradually widening through relatively shallow, small scale valleys.

5.8 CA32 Bodmin Moor Key Features

• Very small area north of Merrymeet is in this LCA • Mainly high, open landscape of pasture and arable fields, some large. • Cornish hedges and hedgerows with occasional trees.

HISTORIC LANDSCAPE CHARACTER 5.9 This is a dataset published in 1996 to provide a landscape perspective for the interpretation of heritage assets. CC Online mapping says that ‘A basic premise of Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) is that the whole of Cornwall is one continuous but multifarious historic landscape. The HLC allows the historic dimension of the whole landscape to be fully considered and provides a readily understood context for surviving archaeological and historical remains. It enables historic environment assessments to be placed alongside the natural environment and other landscape character studies in discussions of sustainable development’.

5.10 Most of the Parish falls within the Mediaeval Farmland character area, which is described as ‘The agricultural heartland, with farming settlements documented before the 17th century AD and whose field patterns are morphologically distinct from the generally straight-sided fields of later enclosure. Either medieval or prehistoric origins.’

5.11 The second most predominant character is Post Medieval Enclosed Land, described as ‘Land enclosed in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, usually from land that was previously Upland Rough Ground and often medieval commons. Generally in relatively high, exposed or poorly-drained parts of the county.

5.12 Several areas of woodland are noted, and the area at Coldrenick, identified as being in the Ornamental characterisation, described as ‘The deliberately and carefully manipulated landscape, parklands and gardens surrounding large country houses, normally of 18th and 19th century origin.’ The woodlands close to this may have been created as part of this designed ornamental landscape.


Map 3: Historic Landscape Characterisation

HERITAGE ASSETS 5.13 There are few Listed Buildings and ancient Monuments in the Parish, but many examples of medieval and post medieval settlements and industry, including the remains of the lead mining industry (engine houses and chimneys) and in the deeper valleys the sites of grain, timber and wool fulling mills.

LANDSCAPE DESIGNATIONS

5.14 Dark Sky - Bodmin Moor has been designated as an International Dark Sky Park, and although the Park and its buffer zone do not reach into Menheniot Parish, it sets a good example for rural communities that value the character and environmental qualities of the areas in which they live. The dark night-time sky above Menheniot Parish is a natural landscape asset which is enjoyed by the community as part of the experience of living in a relatively remote rural area. It also brings several other benefits: • Enjoyment and appreciation – improving quality of life and provide creative inspiration; • Health – promoting improved sleep patterns and reducing stress; • Wildlife – providing a more natural environment for both nocturnal and diurnal animals; and • Energy efficiency – reducing wastage from unnecessary or excessive lighting.

To preserve the quality of the ‘dark sky’ above the Parish and secure the tranquility and dark skies quality of the landscape for current and future generations a careful approach to design is necessary.

5.15 AGLV – Areas of Great Landscape Value were defined in the former district council Local Plans as areas of ‘County importance’. Restrictive policies apply within them (see Para 4.3 above). Menheniot


Parish is partly covered by the Looe and Seaton Valleys and SE Cornwall AGLV and the Caradon Hill AGLV. The former is most relevant to this study. It is described as:

An extensive area along the south coast lying to the south of Liskeard and stretching from Looe to Millbrook. This is a south facing plateau landscape dissected by parallel south running valleys. Inland these valleys are generous with gently sloping sides that form the rolling nature of the countryside, the rounded hills making the landscape soft and welcoming. The fields spreading over the hills are quite large and divided by thick high hedges which provide a strong pattern linked with a network of deep high hedged lanes. Within the valleys are small woods of native trees and large plantations of softwoods….. (it) includes the valleys of the East and West Looe Rivers, the River Seaton, the valleys east of Polbathic and the coastal strip from Downderry to the AONB boundary at Rame as well as at St Johns Lake, and …….extensions around the River Tiddy just north of Tideford and another at Coldrenick.

Map 4: Areas of Great Landscape Value, TPOs, PROW and Menheniot NDP Designated Area.

5.16 TPOs, and PROW - Although Menheniot Parish benefits from a network of public footpaths, these are infrequent in the southern half of the Parish sop that the landscape is generally enjoyed through long vistas across the Seaton Valley Into or out of the AGLV, and notably by train from the GW mainline, when the view of Menheniot sat atop the plateau is often remarked on by visitors.

DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES 5.17 On major impact on landscape character and people’s valuation of it can be changes in the use of land and the design of buildings associated with it. In the case of Menheniot Parish the continuing growth of Liskeard, since the 1980s in an easterly direction, has seen land within the Parish given


planning permission for housing estate and industrial development. It can be anticipated that, as a modern permission granted under the terms of the Cornwall Local Plan 2016 and the Cornwall Design Guide, it will be well designed to be located and be of a scale, form and materials that helps to avoid intrusion in landscape terms. However, some of the development to the east of Liskeard since the 1980s has been of much lesser quality and thus many people fear that forthcoming growth in the direction of Menheniot will constitute ‘urban sprawl’ that will detract from landscape quality and harm the rural tranquillity of the Parish.

5.18 Similarly, estate development at Menheniot village has sometimes been very urban in form, insufficiently reflecting local character, whilst the trend towards redevelopments of rural buildings into larger homes using innovative building techniques has the potential to create designs which will be perceived as being inappropriate to their setting.

HEDGE LOSS 5.19 Nationally there has been significant loss of hedges and hedgerows to accommodate modern farming techniques, leading to concerns about increased soil erosion, loss of habitat and narrowing of the biodiversity they support, and loss of landscape character. Menheniot Parish has not been immune to this, as is shown on Map 6 below, which illustrates the losses of field boundaries between the 1890s and 2019.

5.20 From the map it can be seen that many areas have been exempt from losses, and that in many areas only small sections have been removed. In some places the loss has been made up by replacement planting, although this seems to be rarely in the form of a full Cornish hedge, usually just a post and wire fence with a line of hawthorn or may alongside. Nevertheless, the essentially medieval and Celtic field pattern has been retained in most areas of the Parish.

Map 5: Hedge and hedgerow Loss 1890 to 2019


6. ASSESSMENT 6.1 The From the above sections it can be seen that Menheniot Parish has an interesting landscape of dual character, with the relatively ‘big landscape’ (in Cornish terms) atop the SE Cornwall Plateau areas, separated by the deep valleys created by the Looe, Seaton and Tiddy rivers.

6.2 The central plateau is distinguished by its essentially medieval field patterns, and long views north up to Bodmin Moor, with Caradon Hill a distinctive presence, sometimes framed behind overhead power lines. To the east the character of the plateau is one of isolation and emptiness, with little human settlement, broken by lines of Cornish hedges along which individual or groups of sometimes very large trees provide a strong landmark.

6.3 To the south the view is down into the river Seaton valley and to the east the river Tiddy valley, thence up to the opposing plateau. The river valleys and their little feeder stream incisions provide a marked contrast to the plateau, as they drop down into tranquil often wooded areas. As noted earlier, they are more or less inaccessible, giving a, remote, small scale and secret character. The roads that do pass through these areas are small, often twisting, enclosed by tall Cornish hedges, dense with flowering vegetation. The southern plateau features a smaller-scale field pattern to that of the north and main part of the area to the east of Menheniot village.

6.4 This ‘dual character’ provides the distinctive backdrop to local people’s daily lives and its qualities are much cherished by them. The identification, retention/conservation of the landscape’s key features is therefore important.

6.5 As the loss of Cornish hedges and hedgerows is not as extensive as many other areas this has helped to retain the historic landscape setting for many of the Parish’s heritage assets. However, there has been loss, and if it were to continue then the medieval field pattern and the historic setting of these assets would be increasingly effected. Policy to encourage retention and replacement of traditional hedges is therefore advisable.

6.6 Development pressures can bring challenges to landscape character and the degree to which landscapes are perceived as having value, both in terms of the extent of development and the degree to which new buildings and extensions fit into a landscape. Therefore, the production of a design code to encourage design which fits well with their location, including the local landscape and its particular charachetistics, should be a high priority. Indeed, several of the LCA assessments refer to the need to ‘strengthen local distinctiveness by preparing and implementing design guidance for development around settlements’.

6.7 Drawing from the above, one area of the Parish stands out because it incorporates both plateau and valley landscape features, provides a good quality landscape setting for Menheniot and Clicker, incorporates a range of habitat and a potentially wide biodiversity, is used for recreational walking, includes many heritage assets and is under increasing development pressure. This area is located to the south and west of Menheniot village, contiguous with the established AGLV area, and is worthy of some form of protection as a locally cherished landscape in the NDP.


Photo 6: View of part of setting for Menheniot village.

7 RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 The following recommendations are made:

1. The area shown on Map 5 be identified in the NDP as a Local Landscape Value Area, and as potential development could have an effect on the landscape character and value of the designated area and its setting, a policy be included to provide a clear indication of how any proposed development should be integrated into the environment in such a manner as does not undermine its value. These should cover the following issues:

a. Avoiding the widening and/or straightening of characteristic narrow, winding lanes unless required for road safety;

b. Retaining the field pattern of Cornish hedges and minimises damage to trees, bushes, historic features and gateposts within them;

c. Repairing/replacing any landscape features that will be lost, taking into account the local character of bare stone faces and vegetation with shrubs and trees of proven Cornish provenance,

d. Harmony with the undulating character of the plateau landscape; e. Appropriateness to the small scale and intimacy of the valley landscape; f. Effective screening or blending with new buildings into the shape and colour of the

landscape, so as to reduce the visibility of houses from other areas of the Parish and neighbouring parishes;

g. The use of existing and proposed landscaping and how the landscaping may look in 10 years’ time

h. Details, where appropriate, of how areas will be retained and managed for open space and/or woodland in the future.

2. That a Design Code for new development be developed and adopted and a planning policy be incorporated to the effect that new development will be supported where it is designed to reinforce the distinctive character of Menheniot Parish and makes reference to and incorporates the Design Code guidance, where appropriate, and that applications should demonstrate in the Design & Access statement how this guidance has been incorporated into the proposed design.

3. Include a planning policy in the NDP which for larger developments, supports the use of Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment, in line with the current Landscape Institute Guidelines, to demonstrates how the proposal take into account and address the foreground, middle ground and background impacts on:

a. the characteristic narrow, winding lanes; b. the field pattern of Cornish hedges and hedgerows, and the ‘landmark’ trees,

bushes, historic features and gateposts within them;


c. the undulating character of the plateau landscape; or d. the small scale and intimacy of the valley landscape; and e. the shape and colours of the landscape; f. the historic landscapes within the Parish

Map 6: Potential Local Landscape Value Area

4. Include a planning policy in the NDP which provides for proposals that impact on trees, Cornish Hedges or hedgerows to incorporate and retain trees and Cornish Hedges or hedgerows of good arboricultural and amenity value, ensure their protection during the course of development, Incorporate the planting of additional trees at a an appropriate level, and the replacement of any lost with trees of a proven Cornish provenance.

5. Include a planning policy in the NDP which provides that whenever a Cornish hedge is lost, approximately double the length of hedge than is lost is required to avoid a net loss of ecological value and restore the heritage landscape.

12/09/2019Date:Author:

Scale: 1:25000

Menheniot CP

© Contains Ordnance Survey Data : Crown copyright and database right 2019,© Crown copyright and database right. All rights reserved (0100059057) 2019

Area of Great Landscape

Value (AGLV)


END

landscape issues study - menheniot...

Documents