landscape lighting- dissertation

8/4/2019 Landscape Lighting- Dissertation

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During daylight hours the landscape is a play of colour , form andtexture. The smooth contours of the lawn, shapely trees andbrightly coloured flowers are all illuminated by the sunwith everything on show.

By contrast, the night sky shrouds the landscape with an air ofmystery. With only the moon-light and selected artificiallighting, the picture becomes a play of dramatic light andshadow, revealing some objects and hiding others.


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L I G H T S O U R C E

One mtuv conuideq vhe appqopqiave lighvuotqce. In paqvictlaq , a complemenvaqylighv uotqce, utivable savvage invenuivyand beam angle. Ovheq facvoqu utch aulamp life and utqface vempeqavtqe mayaluo play a paqv depending on vhe

pqojecv paqamevequ.

Navtqal daylighv iu vhe benchmaqk and iviu vheqefoqe impoqvanv vo qeupecv vhecolotqu of navtqe in lamp choice.


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P O S I T I O N I N G

Specifying vhe pouivion

of a fixvtqe sillmaximiue vhe deuiqedeffecv and aoid iuuteuof tnneceuuaqy glaqe,ctv-off uhadosu andlighv polltvion.

When lighv iu cauv onuvavteu and uctlpvtqeu,iv iu impoqvanv vopouivion vhe lighvfixvtqeu coqqecvly voaoid uhadosing and

ctv-off. Theimpoqvance iu diuplayedaboe, sheqe vheuvavte of a man appeaquvo floav dte vo vhelack of lighv on hiulos q l u. Spa in and


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D E S I G N I N G AL I G H T I N G S C H E M E.

Many aupecvu hae vo beconuideqed shen planning anotvdooq lighving ucheme. Agood landucape lighving deuigncan in geneqal only qeally beachieed vhqotgh expeqience.

When illtminaving commeqcialaqeau oq ptblic qealm aqelighv leelu (ltx) need vo beadheqed vo. Theue aqeqecogniued uvandaqdu vo cqeavea uafe eniqonmenv. Hoseeq,shen illtminaving landucapefeavtqeu utch au vqeeu,foliage and focal poinvu ofinveqeuv, vheqe aqe no haqd-line qtleu.

Lighvingtqban upaceuiu nov uolelya mavveq ofdecoqavioncqeaving auafeeniqonmenviu auimpoqvanv.Iv hau n


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L I N K A N G O F O U T D O O RW I T H I N D O O R S P A C E.

The gaqage oq caqpoqv -yot may tue diffeqenvvypeu of lighv fixvtqefoq vhiu ptqpoue, btv vheaoidance of glaqe vovhe dqieq iu eqyimpoqvanv. A pavh fqom vhe

Iv iu impoqvanv voilltminave vhe qotve fqomvhe main envqance vo vhemain dooqof vhe hotue oq btilding,bovh foq caq and

pedeuvqian acceuu. Foqdqiesayu,bollaqdu oq umall pouvvopu/lanveqnu ueem vheobiotu uoltvion. Hoseeq,uhotld vhe dqie be vqeelined, moonlighving iu an

opvion. Thiu sill offeq abeatviftl picvtqe bynighv and an tncltvveqedlanducape by day.


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A sall fixvtqe iu vheobiotu uoltvion by a

dooqsay, hoseeqconcealing vhe lighvuotqce in vhe eaeumay be anovheq opvion,paqvictlaqly on anexiuving btilding sheqe

Special caqe uhotld begien vo illtminavinguvepu and leel

The envqance poinv vo a btilding uhotld beobiotu av nighv. If vhe btilding ivuelf iutp-liv, se utggeuv vhe envqance hau a foqmof dosnsaqd lighv, delineaving iv au vhe

envqance. If vheqe iu neivheq a poqch noqoeqhead canopy vo motnv an oeqheadfixvtqe, sall fixvtqeu motnved av of vheheighv of vhe dooq oq aboe vhe dooq sillfqame vhe envqance. Hotue nameu andntmbequ uhotld be cleaqly illtminaved foqiuivoqu, vaxiu and in uome caueu vhe

emeqgency ueqiceu.


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Iv iu impoqvanv vo conuideq vhe

lighving qertiqemenvu foq vhe upaceand ucenaqio yot aqe deuigning.Foq example, a gqeaveq invenuivyof lighv iu qertiqed vo feel uafein a paqk, vhan in vhe confineu ofyotq osn gaqden. Once vhe geneqal

u


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Iv iuimpoqvanv vovhinkcaqeftllyabotv vhemood oneinvendu vocqeave andhos yot siuhvhe tueq vofeel sivhinvhe upace.

Thqotghoneu choiceof lighvuotqce, sehae vheabilivy vo

affecv vhetueq bovhemovionallyandphyuicallyi.e.


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Different Lighting Effects

Security /Safety

Area lighting

Up lighting

Down lighting

Cross lighting

Moonlighting

Path lighting

Grazing

Silhouetting

Shadowing

Vista lighting

Background lighting Water lighting

Mirror lighting


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Uplighting


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Uplighting from below is the most common technique and a dramaticeffect which demands attention as it reverses the daylight perspective ofeven light from above. Uplighting diagonally into the planting provideswider coverage in a shrub border.Products to use: spikespotlightsandrecessed uplights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Down lighting


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Downlighting is lighting in a downward direction from

a structure to project a pool of light onto a surface orfeature below to provide general illumination forsafety, security and amenity applications as well ascontrast to uplighting of other features.Products touse:wall mount spotlightsanddownlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTS


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Moonlighting


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Moonlighting is lighting down from low power lights fixed in a treeto shadow the lower branches and foliage onto the ground below

This provides a subtle, dappled lighting effect over a tree seat, lawnpatio, path or border. It is downlighting if the effect is for downwardillumination rather than shadowing of branches etc.Products touse:tree mounted spotlightsandhanging lights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=HANGING_LIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=HANGING_LIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=HANGING_LIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=HANGING_LIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTS


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Spotlighting refers to illumination where

directional spotlights are placed at somedistance from the subject to be lit, oftenbecause there is no nearer feasible mountingposition. It is, in fact, accent lighting from adistance with narrower beam lamps.Productsto use: adjustable spike spotlights and wall

spotlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Pathlighting


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Silhouette


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Grazing


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Grazing is lighting at an acute angle from a position close to asurface to emphasise it's texture by casting strong shadow. Thisapplies whether the light is mounted in or on the ground, or on astructure, such as wall mounted downlights. Products touse:adjustable spike spotlights,recessed uplights, wall

spotlightsanddownlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Shadowing


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Accent lighting usesdirectional spotlights anduplights to emphasiseindividual plants, focal pointsor other features so that theystand out within the view.This applies whether theluminaire is mounted in or onthe ground, or on a structureor tree. Products touse:adjustable spikespotlights,recesseduplightsandwall spotlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=RECESSED_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Crosslighting means placing the light sourceto the side of the subject so that the light beamshines across it. This applies whether the lightis mounted on the ground, or on a structure ortree. Products to use:adjustable spikespotlightsandwall spotlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=WALL_SPOTLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Spreadlighting is the use of a low-levelstem mounted light with a hat or shieldon top to provide a glare-free, usuallycircular pool of light for a path, step,terrace or area of low planting.Products

to use:spreadlights(sometimes referredto as path lights).
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=SPREADLIGHTS_PATHLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=SPREADLIGHTS_PATHLIGHTS


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Washing or wall-washing is an even coverage of light on a wall to bring outcolour or reflect from light walls to define the space and create an intimateatmosphere. Even coverage usually demands that lights stand away from the wall,which is what distinguishes this effect from grazing. Products to use:wide beam

spike spotlightsandfloodlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=FLOODLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&CTL_CAT_CODE=FLOODLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTS


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Steplighting is a functional requirement rather than alighting technique and is best provided by small lights setinto or mounted on a flanking wall; types with a hood or

louvred grill will reduce glare, although open faced oneswith frosted lenses provide wider coverage.Products touse:Recessed or surface mount steplights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTS


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The term vista lighting is sometimes used where

such techniques direct light downwards so thatforeground brightness or glare doesn't make itimpossible to see a view beyond, from a roof terracefor example or around a patio with a view of thegarden beyond.Products to use:shieldedsteplightsordownlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=DOWNLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&ctl_cat_Code=STEPLIGHTS


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Mirroring is achieved by accent lighting afeature on the far side of a body of water so thatit's image is mirrored in the dark, still watersurface when seen from a viewpoint on the

terrace or in the house. Any underwater lightingand pumped features must be switched off tokeep the surface dark and still.Products touse:Uplights,spotlightsandfloodlights.
http://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&ctl_cat_Code=METAL_HALIDE_UPLIGHTS_TREEShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&ctl_cat_Code=FLOODLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&ctl_cat_Code=FLOODLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=80003&CTL_CAT_CODE=SPIKE_SPOTLIGHTS_UPLIGHTShttp://www.lightingforgardens.com/rkmain.asp?PAGEID=20671&ctl_cat_Code=METAL_HALIDE_UPLIGHTS_TREES

landscape lighting- dissertation

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