lapeer district library facility study introduction · 19, 2014 when the board approved a letter of...

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY FACILITY STUDY HARTZELL-MIKA CONSULTING – MARCH 2015

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Lapeer District Library Facility Study – Introduction

Library Consultant, Robert Raz, of Hartzell-Mika Consulting was hired by the Lapeer District Library Board to complete an analysis of the current deAngeli library building and to recommend what is needed for a future facility. Work on this project commenced on September 19, 2014 when the Board approved a Letter of Agreement that outlined the work plan.

First Visit

The Consultant traveled to Lapeer for his first visit on September 24, 2014, and met with the staff, Board and Facilities Committee during his visit. A staff meeting was held on the morning of September 25 where the Consultant presented information on the project he was undertaking for the library including a handout that outlines the specific tasks that will be completed. The Consultant indicated that the success of his efforts depend upon information he obtains from the staff who are most familiar with the needs of the people being served, and what spaces are needed in a library facility to meet those needs. A questionnaire was discussed and then sent via e-mail to all staff. Answers were compiled and provided to the Library Director. The staff response was excellent and resulted in 29 pages of information.

The Consultant interviewed the following staff members whose comments and observations were important to the Consultant’s understanding of the library’s operations and future space and service needs.

Bryan Kirby, Facilities Manager

Janet Curtis, Children’s Department Head

Daisy Barajas, Circulation Clerk

Janelle Martin, Fiction Department Head Kenny Thomas, Information Technology Specialist Yvonne Brown, Assistant Director for Technical Services Sharona Rosnik, Fiction Desk Library Assistant Laura Fromwiller, Reference Department Head Sue Francis, Columbiaville Branch Manager Kathleen Cunningham, Finance Manager Melissa Malcolm, Library Director Also Interviewed: Mary Shelton-Wiese, Executive Director of the Family Literacy Center The Consultant met with the Board Facilities Committee attended by Library Director, Melissa Malcolm and committee members Glenn Alverson and Karen Rykhus. He provided information to the Committee that included facility size comparisons of public libraries serving communities with similar populations, an analysis of the capacity of the Lapeer District Library taxable value to provide sufficient funds for a new or renovated library facility, and a discussion of the work the Consultant will be conducting. Bryan Kirby, Facilities Manager, provided the Consultant with building blueprints and conducted a tour of the facility that included a look at the behind-the-scenes HVAC areas. The Consultant captured a significant number of pictures of the facility, counted the collections and shelving, observed patron use of the various service areas, made measurements of rooms, ceiling heights, aisle widths between bookstacks, heights and widths of bookstacks, counted and


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measured furniture, etc. All of this effort provided a thorough picture of the deAngeli facility that was used as the basis for future space needs. The Consultant made transcriptions of all the staff interviews; these conversations provided information on the deficiencies of the current spaces for each service area and a large number of suggestions for future space needs. All of this staff input, including the staff responses to the facility questionnaire, have been key elements in the development of this report. The Consultant has been very pleased with the assistance and advice provided by staff.

Population of the District Library Service Area The Lapeer District Library legal service area includes the City of Lapeer and the townships of Arcadia, Burlington, Burnside, Deerfield, Elba, Hadley, Lapeer, Marathon, Mayfield, Metamora, Oregon and Rich. Taxes on properties in each of these governmental units are levied each December 1, on the taxable valuation of property as of the preceding December 31. Taxes are due no later than February 14th of the following year. Although Goodland Township was an original partner in the District Library, the township withdrew its membership effective in 2014. The official service population of the Lapeer District Library is 60,006 as shown in the table below.

Lapeer District Library Population of Service Area

Population

Lapeer City 8,841

Arcadia Township 3,113

Burlington Township 1,478

Burnside Township 1,864

Deerfield Township 5,695

Elba Township 5,250

Hadley Township 4,528

Lapeer District Library Population of Service Area

Population

Lapeer Township 5,056

Marathon Township 4,568

Mayfield Township 7,955

Metamora Township 4,249

Oregon Township 5,786

Rich Township 1,623

TOTALS 60,006

The District Library Finances

Lapeer District Library Income and Expenditure History – 2009-2014

Fiscal Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*

Property Taxes 2,035,628 1,995,262 1,854,673 1,717,844 1,637,736 1,583,094

State Aid 39,184 24,608 31,711 27,692 30,858 35,348

Penal Fines 301,838 278,512 208,721 229,167 220,990 192,019

Fines and Fees 2,189 2,315 3,175 3,343 2,795

Donations 87 100 140 160 20,562 100

Library Services 10,286 11,981 11,074 10,775 10,601 10,500

Interest/Dividends 3,348 23,644 37,778 41,326 2,124 2

Gains (losses) on investments/ endowment 15,047 -2,701 -21,048 -16,898 21,428

Fund Balance Distribution 49,433

Miscellaneous 18,558 19,125 12,607 14,629 15,191 15,000

Total Revenues 2,426,165 2,352,846 2,138,831 2,028,038 1,962,285 1,885,496


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Fiscal Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*

% increase or decrease -3.02% -9.10% -5.18% -3.24% -3.91%

Cumulative Change Since 2009 -3.02% -12.02% -17.30% -20.54% -24.45%

Total Expenditures 2,241,173 2,267,797 2,160,824 2,046,700 1,939,936 1,875,496

% increase or decrease 1.19% -4.72% -5.28% -5.22% -3.32%

Cumulative Change Since 2009 1.19% -3.78% -9.06% -14.28% -17.60%

Fund Balance 1,592,210 1,701,437 1,630,547 1,839,869 1,858,112 1,868,112

% increase or decrease 6.42% -4.35% 11.38% 0.98% 0.54%

Library Materials 174,738 64,458 149,820 134,412 143,559 123,256

Personnel 1,436,481 1,471,847 1,367,257 1,277,621 1,273,380 1,288,492

*2014 is a budget – all other figures are audited The table above shows six years of revenues and expenditures for the Lapeer District Library. This half-dozen year time span has been a difficult one for the Board and staff. The Consultant completed a financial analysis for the Board in 2011 and recommended a number of significant changes that would be necessary to bring expenditures in line with declining revenue projections. The Library’s revenues in the current January-December 2014 fiscal year are $540,669 less than they were in the 2009 fiscal year. This is a 22.3% revenue reduction. The expenditures in 2014 are $365,677 lower (-16.3%) than they were in 2009. Expenditures for personnel are down by $147,989 during this same five-year period. Perhaps one of the most positive signs of the excellent fiscal management of the library’s finances during this extremely difficult and challenging period of time, is that the Library Director and the Board have not only maintained the library’s fund balance but have increased it by $297,902. The fund balance of $1,868,112 represents about one full year’s expenditures and is in line with many other district public libraries in the state. District Library Boards need to maintain fund balances because they have a fiduciary responsibility to the taxpayers to wisely manage the library’s funds – and this includes a healthy fund balance that can be used in emergencies and for special or unexpected expenditures. District libraries should try to maintain a fund balance at a minimum of 50% of revenues. This provides a budget safety margin and helps to maintain annual cash flow without having to borrow funds based upon anticipated revenues.

Taxable Value Table – 2013 and 2014

The table below shows the taxable value of property in each jurisdiction served by the Lapeer District Library. Property taxes are assessed based upon taxable value. Goodland Township decided to withdraw from the District Library effective in 2014. This resulted in a property tax income loss of just over $50,000. The loss of revenue from Goodland Township in 2014 shows that overall property tax revenue went down by (-1.94%). (See the figures in the second table below). But the good news in the first table shows that the total revenue for all the other remaining jurisdictions increased by (1.19%). So it does appear from this table that there is finally an upward trend in values in comparison to significant decreases in property tax revenues over the past five years when collections went from $2,035,628 to $1,583,094. This is a 22.2% decrease in property tax revenues from 2009-2014. The library has $452,534 less tax revenue in 2014 than it did five years ago in 2009.


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Table Excluding Goodland Township

Table Including Goodland Township

The table above shows the taxable value of the governmental units that make up the territory of the Lapeer District Library. Goodland Township was a participating member of the Lapeer District Library until 2014 when the township withdrew from the District. This table is included to show that the total property tax income declined in 2014 when taxes from this township were not collected in 2014.

City or Township Population 2013 Taxable Value 2014 Taxable Value % Change

Lapeer City 8,841 $228,793,884 $222,941,856 -2.56%

Arcadia Township 3,113 $90,927,754 $92,666,043 1.91%

Burlington Township 1,478 $40,123,508 $46,856,988 16.78%

Burnsde Township 1,864 $60,842,986 $61,896,578 1.73%

Deerfield Township 5,695 $129,035,733 $130,240,438 0.93%

Elba Township 5,250 $182,300,875 $185,032,954 1.50%

Hadley Township 4,528 $181,915,645 $184,998,322 1.69%

Lapeer Township 5,056 $137,808,602 $140,291,180 1.80%

Marathon Township 4,568 $97,490,163 $98,753,804 1.30%

Mayfield Township 7,955 $181,629,260 $180,975,736 -0.36%

Metamora Township 4,249 $205,886,261 $208,494,953 1.27%

Oregon Township 5,786 $156,671,842 $158,850,870 1.39%

Rich Township 1,623 $43,347,119 $45,467,759 4.89%

TOTALS 60,006 $1,736,773,632 $1,757,467,481 1.19%

9/10 Mill (x .0009) $1,563,096 $1,581,721 1.19%

City or Township Population 2013 Taxable Value 2014 Taxable Value % Change

Lapeer City 8,841 $228,793,884 $222,941,856 -2.56%

Arcadia Township 3,113 $90,927,754 $92,666,043 1.91%

Burlington Township 1,478 $40,123,508 $46,856,988 16.78%

Burnsde Township 1,864 $60,842,986 $61,896,578 1.73%

Deerfield Township 5,695 $129,035,733 $130,240,438 0.93%

Elba Township 5,250 $182,300,875 $185,032,954 1.50%

Goodland Township $55,552,772

Hadley Township 4,528 $181,915,645 $184,998,322 1.69%

Lapeer Township 5,056 $137,808,602 $140,291,180 1.80%

Marathon Township 4,568 $97,490,163 $98,753,804 1.30%

Mayfield Township 7,955 $181,629,260 $180,975,736 -0.36%

Metamora Township 4,249 $205,886,261 $208,494,953 1.27%

Oregon Township 5,786 $156,671,842 $158,850,870 1.39%

Rich Township 1,623 $43,347,119 $45,467,759 4.89%

TOTALS 60,006 $1,792,326,404 $1,757,467,481 -1.94%

9/10 Mill (x .0009) $1,613,094 $1,581,721 -1.94%


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Lapeer District Library Facility Study – The Facilities

The deAngeli Library Building in Lapeer The original deAngeli library facility was built in 1922 with a $13,750 grant from Andrew Carnegie that was combined with an additional $6,000 raised from the community. The library had turned down a Carnegie grant offer of $10,000 in 1916. The architectural firm engaged to design and build the library was Smith, Hinchman, and Grylls from Detroit. The facility is a red brick, Georgian Revival building. The cornerstone was laid in 1922, and the library opened in 1923. It is a two-story building. Thirty years ago (1984) a major addition expanded the building to the south. The Consultant developed drawings and tables to show the current facility layout and dimensions.

Lower Floor Area Dimensions

Lower (Entry) Floor deAngeli Facility

Lower Floor Area Descriptions Dimensions

Square

Feet Lower Floor Area Descriptions Dimensions

Square

Feet

Entry Lobby 9.5' x 7.6' 73 Maintenance Storage 10.5' x 6.25' 66

Main Entry Area - Self-Checkout,

Elevator & Stairway Lobby 10' x 19' 200 Stairwell - Lower Floor Area 11.7' x 21.4' 250

Circulation Area & Counter 14.5' x 6.2' 90 Elevator & Elevator Shaft Area 9.5' x 10.5' 67

Children's Room 46' x 28' 1,288 Elevator Equipment Room 5.7' x 9' 51

Restroom Hallway 21.5' x 4' 86 Staff Breakroom & Restroom 11.5' x 14' 161

Women's Restroom

10' x 14' ( less

12 s.f.) 128 East Exit Hallway 13' x 5' 65

Men's Restroom 10' x 14' 140 East Exit Stairs & Landing 8.3' x 5' 42

Mechanical Room "1 10.5' x 14' 147 Meeting Room 26.8' x 27.7' 742

Mechanical Room "2 7.5' x 14' 105 Meeting Room Office & Storage Area 14.7' x 9' 132

Children's Storage Room 11.5' x 6.3' 72 Interior Dimensions - Lower Floor Total 3,905


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Upper Floor Area Dimensions

Upper Floor deAngeli Facility

Upper Floor Area Descriptions Dimensions Square Feet

Main Reading Room - Fiction &

Young Adult Area 27.5' x 67.67' 1,861

Non-Fiction & Reference (956

Sq. Ft.)

Elevator Alcove Area 21' x 9.5' 200

Remainder of Room

27.67' x

27.33' 756

Elevator 9.5' x 8.67' 82

Sta irwel l 15.8' x 9.5' 150

Workroom (223 sq. ft.) (Below)

Alcove 9.6' x 7' 67

Remainder of Room 13.67' x 13' 156

Office 13.67' x 13' 156

Publ ic Computer Area 20' x 14.5' 290

Elevator and Sta irway Lobby

Area 16.25' x 9.5' 154

Service Desk and Atrium

Window Area 17.25' x 10' 173

Total 4,045


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The upper floor was the original entry prior to the renovation and addition work completed in the 1980s. The north entry still can be a bit confusing to newcomers or first-time visitors to the library. It does still appear to be the way to enter the library rather than at the lower level on the south of the building. The upper floor is almost entirely a public area with the exception of the Circulation Work Area and Staff Office Area in the southeast corner of the floor. The Consultant was able to observe public use of the library during the three days he visited in September of 2014. The library is quite crowded with computers housed on tables that provide no privacy and put users so close to each other that physical contact is hard to avoid. Collections on this floor are on 90-inch high shelving stacks in order to get maximum use of the limited space. The extremely crowded shelving makes it difficult to shelve returned books. The library has made use of every available location to place shelving and furniture as can be seen in the floor space layout above. The collections are all very crowded and in every area the staff has to discard books in order to add new items that are coming into the collection. This means that some items have to be discarded before they really should be. The Consultant used a combination of blueprints and actual measurements to gather details about the facility’s size. The most important figure for purposes of showing the actual amount of space available is the interior dimensions. The total interior space for all uses is 3,905 sq. ft. on the lower floor and 4,045 sq. ft. on the upper floor. This total of 7,950 sq. ft. includes elevator and stairwell spaces as well as all maintenance and equipment areas (HVAC), but does not include interior and exterior wall dimensions. (See tables above for space details).

The Lapeer District Library Facility Sizes The Lapeer District Library has seven public library branch locations plus an administration building that is a separate facility located at 201 Village West Drive S in Lapeer. The largest facility is the Lapeer deAngeli branch located at 921 West Nepessing Street in Lapeer. The total space for all facilities is 17,384 sq. ft. including the administration facility as shown in the table below.

Lapeer District Library Facilities Square Feet Square Feet

Clifford 850

Otter Lake 960

Columbiaville 1,524

deAngeli 7,950

Administration 1,624

Elba 410

Hadley 1,372

Metamora 2,544

Total Square Feet 17,234

The six library branch facilities outside of Lapeer have a combined 7,660 square feet of space.


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Lapeer District Library Facility Size Comparisons In order to provide some perspective about the Lapeer facilities it is important to look at other public libraries in the state that serve populations comparable to the Lapeer District Library. The tables below compare the central library sizes of selected Michigan public libraries in Class

6 (50,000 population and above) and Class 5 (25,000 to 49,999) to the Lapeer District Library,

that serves a population of 61,834 (this figure included Goodland Township population because

it was a part of the Lapeer District Library when this report was provided to the Library of

Michigan.) Without the Goodland Township count, the Lapeer District Library now has a

population of 60,006. The comparison libraries have been chosen based on populations that

are as close to Lapeer as possible. Both tables show that the deAngeli library facility is quite

small in comparison to other public libraries in communities that serve populations close to that

of Lapeer. In the Class 6 comparison Lapeer has a population that is 12% above the average

while the facility size is 75% below the average. In the Class 5 comparisons Lapeer has a

population that is 36.1% above the average with a facility size still 59% below the average.

Another important comparison is to determine how many of the above libraries operate library branches. Libraries in Michigan that serve a larger portion of an entire county (as does Lapeer), will often have a branch library system. Seven of the 16 libraries in the table above operate more than one facility. The most important comparisons will be with Chippewa River District Library in Mt. Pleasant, Branch (Coldwater), Lenawee (Adrian) and Van Buren (Decatur) District libraries.

Class 6 Library

(50,000 population and above)

Central

Library

Square Feet

Population

Class 5 Library

(Population from 25,000 to

49,999)

Central

Library

Square Feet

Population

Chippewa River District Library 30,000 51,640 Belleville Area District Library 10,760 42,361

Dearborn Heights City Libraries 32,000 57,774 Branch District Library 18,309 46,905

Grosse Pointe Public Library 18,500 51,133 Brighton District Library 23,100 43,254

Howell Carnegie District Library 30,100 52,529 East Lansing Public Library 25,800 48,579

Pontiac Public Library 20,250 59,515 Lenawee District Library 13,000 45,337

Portage District Library 49,000 52,170 Roseville Public Library 29,151 47,299

Royal Oak Public Library 42,000 57,236 Van Buren District Library 15,000 44,265

Saint Clair Shores Public Library 30,000 59,715 TOTALS 135,120 318,000

TOTALS 251,850 441,712 CLASS 5 AVERAGE 19,303 45,429

CLASS 6 AVERAGE 31,481 55,214

Lapeer District Library 8,000 61,834 Lapeer District Library 8,000 61,834

Lapeer % Above or Below Average (-75.0%) 12% Lapeer % Above or Below the Average(-59.0%) 36.10%

Sq. Ft. Population Sq. Ft. Population


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So even when adding the branch facilities into the comparisons, the Lapeer facilities are still quite significantly below other communities in Michigan that serve comparable populations.

Expansion of the Existing Facility

Is it possible to expand the existing deAngeli facility at its current location? This is a key question for the community. There is a strong attachment many people have for this building that has been an important landmark for the past ninety-two years (since 1923). Generations of residents have used this library and have introduced children and grandchildren to the world of reading within its walls. Any consideration of replacing this location has to be very sensitive about this strong bond that many people have for the deAngeli library. The following analysis and list of deficiencies of the facility clearly shows that there is a need for significantly more space to provide public library services. Three important questions that need to be answered are:

1) How much space is needed to provide public library service to the residents of the Lapeer District Library?

2) Can the deAngeli building be renovated and expanded on the current site to meet these space needs?

3) Can adequate public and staff parking be provided?

Analysis of the Exterior – Location and Parking

The library is located on a very busy intersection with heavy traffic.

The parking for library users is inadequate, especially when meetings and programs are held at the library; there are only 28 parking spaces.

The parking lot is situated on a sloping hill that makes it difficult for many patrons to use, especially in winter months.

Lack of safe and adequate parking is the biggest complaint the staff hears from library visitors.

All staff members must use street parking.

The aerial view below provides a picture of the property as an “island” surrounded by three busy streets.

With the entrance to the library at the south end of the building, almost all street parking is a long distance from the building entry.

The lack of parking makes it especially difficult for parents with children and older individuals to consider street parking when the lot is full. Crossing these busy streets with small children is unsafe.

Library

Central

Library

Square Feet

Branches

Total

Square Feet

Total

Square Feet

Chippewa River District Library 30,000 11,300 41,300

Dearborn Heights City Libraries 32,000 12,000 44,000

Grosse Pointe Public Library 18,500 42,500 61,000

Branch District Library 18,309 9,956 28,265

Lenawee District Library 13,000 10,500 23,500

Van Buren District Library 15,000 22,205 37,205

Lapeer District Library 8,000 7,660 15,660


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Except for two spaces for users with disabilities and three regular spaces near the public entrance, all other parking is on an inclined lot that runs downhill to the entry.


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Analysis of the Interior Space

The majority of book stacks are 90 inches high with narrow aisles and full shelves.

Shelf heights, crowded shelves and narrow aisles make it much more difficult for patrons and staff to locate, shelve and retrieve books.

There is extremely limited office space for staff (one 10 ft. x 12 ft. room).

The book check-out area (circulation) is crowded and partially hidden from the view of library users entering the building; it is just 90 sq. ft.

The circulation staff work area is on the upper floor with the service desk at the library entry on the floor below; this creates inefficient use of staff and reduced service to users.

Electric outlets are very limited and only available on perimeter walls.

A ten-inch thick cement floor makes it prohibitive to run electrical or computer wiring.

There are six furnaces for heating and air conditioning that create a major challenge to balancing heating, cooling and air handling in the facility.

General library storage space is severely limited.

There are only eight public computers available for adults; many users have to sign up and wait for a computer.

Public computer users have to sit elbow to elbow at crowded tables to use the computers; there is no privacy.

A few pictures serve to illustrate the crowded conditions in the deAngeli Library facility.

This is a view (looking west) of the wall shelving in the Fiction Room (housing paperbacks on the left) with freestanding library shelving on the right.

Computer seating can provide for just 7 people who must sit elbow to elbow. People are almost always waiting for a computer, and many decide to leave.


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The circulation desk (above) is half-hidden at the main entry to the library. The circulation staff workroom (shown at right) is on the upper floor directly above this area. This is a very inefficient space arrangement.

Children’s Services storage space is totally inadequate for housing seasonal and programming supplies.

The Circulation staff workroom is on the upper floor above the Circulation desk. This room is extremely crowded for the work that has to be done by two people.

Consultant Recommendations

The deAngeli building has for many years been operating well beyond its capacity to provide library services for a community of its size. The 1923 building and the 1984 addition are now much too small to accommodate the public library space needs in 2014 and beyond. More room is needed for meetings, storytelling, collections for children and adults, media collections, magazines and newspapers. The heating and cooling systems are outdated, electrical wiring and computer wiring cannot meet present and future needs in the existing building. As one of the library employees so aptly stated, “You cannot deliver 21st Century library service in a 19th Century building.” Citizens served by the Lapeer District Library have used this facility for almost 100 years.


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The Consultant recommends that the Lapeer District Library Board seek a larger building to house the library or consider construction of a new facility to provide library services for the next fifty years and beyond. It is impractical to consider any renovation or expansion of the existing facility because:

It is landlocked; Renovation costs would be prohibitively high; Renovation cannot solve the problems created by a two-story structure that

is divided into multiple rooms; There is not enough property to provide room for expansion; Upgrading electrical and wiring for technology is not feasible with ten-inch

concrete floors between the lower and upper levels of the building. The parking lot has less than one-fourth of the parking spaces needed; The building sits on a hill and is surrounded by heavily traveled streets; The deAngeli facility has only about one-third of the building space the

library needs.

[The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank.]


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Lapeer District Library Facility Study Print and Media Collections at deAngeli Library

PRESENT DESCRIPTIONS AND

FUTURE PROJECTIONS

Providing proper housing for the library’s collections is one of the most important elements in space planning. A review of the current collection and how it is housed in the deAngeli facility was completed by the Consultant. The collections now housed at the deAngeli Library are very crowded. Staff must now discard one item from the collection for every item added. The shelving is at or beyond capacity in every area of the collection. These crowded conditions create inefficiencies and problems as noted below:

Re-shelving returned items is often difficult and sometimes not possible because the shelf where the book needs to be placed is completely full.

Books that cannot be shelved are placed on “overflow” book trucks and not where they belong within the collection.

Staff selecting new items for the collection are frustrated by the lack of space to build the collection when items often have to be removed in order to add new materials.

Difficult choices have to be made when titles that should be kept must be discarded in order to make room for the new.

Aisles between most of the library stacks in the adult areas are 3 feet wide with 90-inch high shelving; this creates a tunnel effect, especially in the fiction section where each aisle is 24 feet long.

Aisles in the non-fiction area are somewhat shorter yet still 15 feet long (also with 90-inch shelving).

The best shelving configuration has aisles at least 42 inches wide rather than 36 inches.

Rows of bookstacks are too long (five sections – 15 ft. long - in Children’s and Adult Non-Fiction and eight sections – 24 ft. long - in the Fiction Room). For much easier patron access these sections should be limited to no more than four sections (12 ft.) with an intervening 4 ft. break to provide easier access between rows.

The result of these crowded conditions is that library users are losing access to items that cannot be retained and have a limited collection inventory because of lack of space. The staff selectors cannot be as efficient and successful purchasing and displaying library materials when shelves are so full. The descriptions of the three major areas of the existing deAngeli collections are provided on the following two pages. These current collection count tables are then followed by descriptions and pictures of the use of space in the deAngeli library for the adult, young adult and children’s collections. At the end of this Print and Media Collections section of the report the “Future Spaces Needed for the Library’s Collections” will describe the recommended space allocations for the library’s collections with a table showing the new shelving counts for each service area.


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Children’s Collection (2014)

Adult Fiction, Periodicals and Media (2014)

(1) Paperback fiction shelves are along the east and south original wood shelving above the bench seats - section widths vary.

(2) Back issues of periodicals are housed in the East Stacks bottom shelf only in 5" wide plastic containers.

(3) New fiction and non-fiction are displayed in a 2 -section 48" high double-sided stack behind service desk area.

Collection Description

Section

Count

Shelves

Per

Section

Shelf

Count

Linear

Feet Location Height

Children's Collection

Easy Readers 8 4 32 96 South Wal l 60"

Easy Readers 1 1 1 4 South Wal l 60"

Easy Readers 5 4 20 60 West Stack Row 60"

Juvenile Fiction 23 4 92 276 West Stack Row 60"

J Biography 5 4 20 60 West Stack Row 60"

J Audio Fiction 2 4 8 24 West Stack Row 80"

J Non-Fiction 19 6 114 342 North & West Wal l 80"

J Holiday 2 6 12 36 West Wal l 80"

Reference 5 5 25 55 East Wal l 60"

TOTALS 70 38 324 953

J DVDs Two spinner racks x 42 per row x 4 = 336 DVDs [11' x 3' - 33 s.f.]


Section

Count

Shelves

Per

Section

Shelf

Count

Linear


Adult Collections

Paperback Fiction (wall) 6 93 East Wal l

Paperback Fiction (wall) (1) 6 160 South Wal l

Paperback Fiction (stacks) 4 7 28 84 East Stacks 90"

Hardbound Fiction 32 5 160 480 East Stacks 90"

Hardbound Fiction 16 7 112 336 East Stacks 90"

Boxed Periodicals (2) 34 102 East Stacks

New Non-Fiction (3) 1 3 3 9 3-sect. 2-s ide unit 48"

New Fiction 3 3 9 27 3-sect. 2-s ide unit 48"

New Fiction Paperback 1 3 3 9 3-sect. 2-s ide unit 48"

Large Print 5 113 North Wal l

Audio Fiction 169 South Wal l

Magazine Display 4 5 20 60 West Stacks 90"

Playaways Rotating Stand 22" diameter on base - 66" tall

Newspaper Display On display stand transparent plastic 28" x 28" base - 66" tall


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Young Adult Collections (2014)

Adult Non-Fiction, Reference Collections and DVDs (Video Discs) (2014)

(4) Wall length here is 19'

Every possible area of the current building that can be used for shelving books or for public seating has been taken. The result is a very crowded facility. The three rooms that are used to house the library’s existing collections are shown on the next page. These include the wall and free-standing floor shelving in the Children’s Area, Fiction Room, and Non-Fiction and Reference areas.

Young Adult Collections

Section

Count

Shelves

Per

Section

Shelf

Count

Linear


Young Adult Fiction (wall) 9 6 54 117 North wall 66"

Young Adult Fiction (wall) 2 6 12 27 East wall 66"

Young Adult Non-Fiction 1 6 6 18 East stacks 90"

Young Adult Fiction (stacks) 1 7 7 21 East stacks 90"

Young Adult Graphic Novels 1 7 7 21 East stacks 90"

Young Adult New Book Fict. 1 7 7 21 East stacks 90"


Section

Count

Shelves

Per

Section

Shelf

Count

Linear


Adult Non-Fiction Collection

Non-Fiction Freestanding 40 6 240 720 Non-Fiction Room 90"

North Wall Stacks (36" width) (4) 4 7 28 84 Non-Fiction Room 90"

North Wall Stacks (30" width) 3 7 21 53 Non-Fiction Room 90"

West Wall Stacks 4 6 24 72 Non-Fiction Room 90"

Adult Reference Collection

South Wall 3 6 18 54 Non-Fiction Room 90"

West Wall 3 6 18 54 Non-Fiction Room 90"

North Wall 2 6 12 36 Reference Desk 90"

North Wall 2 6 12 36 Public Computer Area 90"

Genealogy (East Wall) 1 7 7 21 Non-Fiction Room 90"

Media

Digital Video Discs (DVDs) 3 8 24 72 Non-Fiction Room 90"


17

Children’s Collections and Seating – Lower Floor North

Fiction Room, Young Adult, New Books, Paperbacks, Audio Books, Large Print, Magazines and Newspapers – Upper Floor North

Non-Fiction, Reference and DVDs – Upper Floor South


18

A few pictures serve to illustrate the crowded conditions.

The Children’s Room (above) with original 1923 chairs and tables. There is no story-telling space, very limited seating, and crowded shelves not conducive for browsing. The Fiction Room (below) showing the tall and crowded book shelves with narrow aisles.

The Non-Fiction Room shelves are jammed and also use the tall 90-inch stacks. The aisleways here are only 36 inches wide. Note the books on the bottom shelves. The Fiction Room looking west – paperbacks on wall shelving (left) with storage drawers underneath. Aisles are very narrow.


19

Audiovisual Collections

The library has audiovisual collections in the Children’s, Young Adult, and Adult sections. These are described in the tables below and are included in the collection shelving inventory counts above.

The two spinner racks on the rectangular base hold the Children’s collection DVDs. Each spinner can hold 168 videos.

The adult audio fiction is housed on the south wall and one free-standing stack in the fiction room. There are about 1,400 of these books on discs.

The Young Adult audio book collection is quite small, housed on this wall shelving next to the fireplace on the west wall of the fiction room.

Newspapers are displayed on this free-standing Plexiglas stand that holds 20 newspapers.

Audiovisual Collections Linear Ft

Digital Video Discs (DVDs) 72

Young Adult Audio 9

Audio Fiction 169

Playaways One Spinner Rack

J DVD (336 DVDs) Two Spinner Racks


20

The Marguerite deAngeli Collection The Lapeer community re-named their public library in 1981 to honor Marguerite de Angeli, a famous children’s book author, born in Lapeer in 1889. Her parents were George and Ruby Lofft. The family moved to East Philadelphia in 1902 when Marguerite was thirteen years old. She was a talented musician and artist who did illustrations for national magazines such as The Country Gentleman and Ladies’ Home Journal. She began illustrating over a dozen children’s books for other authors and eventually wrote and illustrated another twenty-eight of her own. She was one of the first women to be named to Michigan’s Women’s Hall of Fame in 1984. In 1946 she wrote what was perhaps the first children’s book to address the issue of racial prejudice (Bright April). She received several honors for her writing and illustrations including:

American Library Association Caldecott Honor Book illustrator twice for Yonie Wondernose in 1945 and Book of Nursery and Mother Goose Rhymes in 1955.

American Library Association Newbery Medal for The Door in the Wall in 1950.

American Library Association Newbery Honor mention for Black Fox of Lorne in 1957.

Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1961.

Regina Medal in 1968. The Newbery Medal is given annually to the author of the most distinguished American children's book published in the previous year. The Caldecott Medal is given annually to the artist of the most distinguished American picture book for children. The Regina Medal is awarded annually by the Catholic Library Association for continued and distinguished contributions to children’s literature. Currently, the deAngeli collection is housed in glass display cases and cabinet drawers in the meeting room (shown below) which does not make the materials visible to the general public or properly preserve and display them. Materials are often hidden behind stacks of books being collected for the Friends of the Library book sale.


21

This brief description of Marguerite deAngeli does not do justice to her long and successful artistic and literary career, but it is provided to indicate the importance of a special collection of her original drawings, writings and other items that are housed at the deAngeli facility. There is a need for a more public display area that will both exhibit and protect the collection. The display can serve as both an inspiration and educational opportunity for children and adults. The best location in the new facility for showing this collection to the public will be in the Children’s Area. The cabinetry or display cases should be at a height that accommodates children's viewing of the memorabilia, art work, books, pictures, letters, and other original items. Additional cabinets can also house items in locked shelves or drawers that are not on display. Wall space can be found for this cabinetry. Cabinetry that can also include special environmental control, especially for humidity, should be considered.

The Newbery Medal Book

"...I have always wanted to draw and to write. Even now, I can remember the way it felt to be walking home from school in the small Michigan town where I was born, arm in arm with a school girlfriend, only half listening to her chatter because I was dreaming of something else; wondering how I could put down in words the sheer joy in living which filled me to bursting, or how I could draw the moving shadows, the sunlight sifting through the leaves, the tree branches against the white house, or the stream of boys and girls themselves. How could I grasp that shining and elusive 'something' which was away and beyond, yet was within me, and fairly lifting me off the earth? How could I, all at once, do the many things I wanted to do? I wanted to sew grown-up clothes for my doll, I wanted to make hats, I wanted to learn what we used to call 'recitation,' and I wanted to sing. What to do first?" Excerpt from the Marguerite deAngeli acceptance speech at the Newbery award ceremony in 1950. That small Michigan town is Lapeer.


22

Future Space for the Library’s Collections and Activities

All of the information above serves to clearly illustrate the need for a much larger facility to house the library’s collections as well as to provide for other services that will be discussed elsewhere in this report. Many of the existing difficulties for housing, display and use of the collections were described on the first page of this section. One of the most critical areas for proper housing of materials is in the Children’s Area. In the existing deAngeli Children’s Room much of the collection is housed on wall shelving that is 80 inches tall. The maximum new height recommended is 66 inches. Even the “Easy Reader” picture books have to be housed on 60-inch shelving when they should be on counter height 44” shelves that also allow for some face-out display with three shelves. Picture books for children should be on shelving that is surrounded by enough space to provide access for many children and adults at the same time. Special attention has to be given to the design of this important collection that is really a child’s gateway to learning how to read.

Future Collection Space Needs and Projections

Children’s Collection (Future)

Adult Fiction, Periodicals and Media (Future)

Children's Collection Linear Ft

Original

Height

New

Height

Shelves per

section

Section

Linear

Feet

Sections

Required

Sections

at 3/4

full

Shelf

depth

Grow

Collection

by 40%

Easy Readers 160 60" 42" 3 9 18 22 12 inches 31

Juvenile Fiction 276 60" 66" 4 12 23 29 10 inches 40

J Biography 60 60" 66" 4 12 5 6 10 inches 9

J Audio Fiction 24 80" 66" 4 12 2 3 10 inches 4

J Non-Fiction 342 80" 66" 6 18 19 24 10 inches 33

J Holiday 36 80" 66" 6 18 2 3 10 inches 4

Reference 55 60" 66" 5 15 4 5 12 inches 6

J DVD (336 DVDs on 2 spinner racks 11' x 3' - 33 sq. ft.)

Adult Collections Linear Ft

Original

Height

New

Height

Shelves per

section

Section

Linear

Feet

Sections

Required

Sections

at 3/4

full

Shelf

depth

Grow

Collection

by 40%

Paperback Fiction (wall) 93 [WALL] 84" 6 18 5 6 10 inches 9

Paperback Fiction (wall) (1) 160 [WALL] 84" 6 18 9 11 10 inches 16

Paperback Fiction (stacks) 84 90" 84" 6 18 5 6 10 inches 8

Hardound Fiction 480 90" 84" 6 18 27 33 10 inches 47

Hardound Fiction 336 90" 84" 6 18 19 23 10 inches 33

Boxed Periodicals (2) 102 66" 4 12 9 11 10 inches 15

New Non-Fiction (3) 9 48" 66" 5 15 1 1 10 inches 1

New Fiction 27 48" 66" 5 15 2 2 10 inches 3

New Fiction Paperback 9 48" 66" 5 15 1 1 10 inches 1

Large Print 113 84" 6 18 6 8 10 inches 11

Audio Fiction 169 [VARIES] 66" 6 18 9 12 9 inches 16

Magazine Display (Slanted) 60 FACE OUT 84" 4 12 5 6 12 inches 9

Playaways

Newspaper Display Plexiglas Rack

Spinner


23

Young Adult Collections (Future)

Adult Non-Fiction, Reference Collections and DVDs (Video Discs) (Future)

A Business Incubator

The public library may have a new mission that makes really good use of tax dollars, while providing venues that promote startups and entrepreneurship. Libraries "have just about everything a 21st century innovator could need: Internet access, work space, reference materials, professional guidance." (Emily Badger, Atlantic Monthly.) For the past few years, public libraries have been seeing strong demand to serve as resource centers for unemployed or underemployed job hunters, providing career reference materials and Internet access. A recent 2014 survey of 730 library managers showed that many see their institutions as hubs that will help address the gap between unemployment and skills shortages among employers. Seven out of ten report increasing demand for Internet access, and more than one-third say they are seeing more patrons seeking technical information/training or job search/career development information. By extension, if public libraries are operating as de facto employment opportunity and training centers, it's not too much of a stretch to see public libraries providing supportive environments for startups and small businesses. Some libraries are already re-inventing themselves as 3D printing centers or hackerspaces. In 2011, the Fayetteville Free Library of Fayetteville, NY assumed a new mission in efforts to serve users with 3D printing facilities -- the “FFL Fab Lab” is a space set aside with 3D printing technology, which seeks to encourage innovation and learning of the concept.

Young Adult Collections Linear Ft

Original

Height

New

Height

Shelves per

section

Section

Linear

Feet

Sections

Required

Sections

at 3/4

full

Shelf

depth

Grow

Collection

by 40%

Young Adult Fiction (wall) 117 [WALL] 84" 6 18 7 8 10 inches 11

Young Adult Fiction (wall) 27 [WALL] 84" 6 18 2 2 10 inches 3

Young Adult Non-Fiction 18 90" 84" 6 18 1 1 10 inches 2

Young Adult Fiction (stacks) 21 90" 84" 6 18 1 1 10 inches 2

Young Adult Graphic Novels 21 90" 84" 6 18 1 1 10 inches 2

Young Adult New Book Fict. 21 90" 84" 6 18 1 1 10 inches 2

Young Adult Audio 9 Now on shel f bes ide fi replace - Place in YA shelving area - s tack or s tandalone display.

Adult Non-Fiction Collection Linear Ft

Original

Height

New

Height

Shelves per

section

Section

Linear

Feet

Sections

Required

Sections

at 3/4

full

Shelf

depth

Grow

Collection

by 40%

Non-Fiction Freestanding 720 90" 84" 6 18 40 50 10 inches 70

North Wall Stacks (36" width) (4) 84 90" 84" 6 18 5 6 10 inches 8

North Wall Stacks (30" width) 53 90" 84" 6 18 3 4 10 inches 5

West Wall Stacks 72 90" 84" 6 18 4 5 10 inches 7

Adult Reference Collection

South Wall 54 90" 84" 6 18 3 4 10 inches 5

West Wall 54 90" 84" 6 18 3 4 10 inches 5

North Wall 36 90" 84" 6 18 2 3 10 inches 4

North Wall 36 90" 84" 6 18 2 3 10 inches 4

Genealogy (East Wall) 21 90" 84" 6 18 1 1 10 inches 2

Media

Digital Video Discs (DVDs) 72 90" Use Estey A-Frame

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/business-brains/3d-printing-coming-to-a-library-near-you/

http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/business-brains/3d-printing-coming-to-a-library-near-you/

http://www.fayettevillefreelibrary.org/about-us/services/fablab.html


24

This emerging trend in public library service is the “business incubator”. It is a service that provides assistance for entrepreneurs interested in starting new businesses or improving an existing business. Space will need to be provided for this service adjacent to the Reference Service Desk. Two computer stations are needed in this area that would be devoted to this service. There are a number of special electronic resources that can be purchased for use on these computers. Also needed would be a dedicated printer capable of doing professional-looking correspondence. The staff would be trained to assist individuals seeking this help. There is a need for computers, copy and fax equipment, shelving and seating. Staff can provide more specifics on these items. Although this type of business service is much more prominent in larger public libraries, there is a reason for almost any size library to create a special collection and space for providing assistance to those in the community interested in establishing a or improving a business. The library needs to be a partner in community economic development. Michigan public libraries that provide this type of service include Adrian, Bay County, Canton, Charlevoix, Grand Rapids, Highland Township, Livonia, Saginaw and many others. In the four most northern counties in the Lower Peninsula there is a consortium of nine public libraries from Boyne City to Mackinaw City providing business reference and resources in cooperation with Michigan State University and local Chambers of Commerce. It is called the Northern Lakes Economic Alliance. Lapeer District Library staff have indicated an interest in providing this type of service but have been limited with what can be accomplished because of a lack of space. Much can be learned by contacting or visiting libraries providing this service to get information about print and electronic business reference resources, typical services provided, equipment, training, space and staffing. The Consultant will provide space for this service in the building space allocation plan.

Theft of Library Materials and Collection Security

The staff expressed concern about the loss of items from the audiovisual collections because of theft. Whether or not a theft detection technology such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification System) is worthwhile will need to be considered by the Library Director and Library Board. There are other savings usually associated with RFID systems such as the ease of checking items in and out electronically and the ability to conduct collection inventories by scanning the shelves. But the added cost of placing a tag in each item, the initial equipment, and on-going maintenance, has to be considered and justified. One of the best ways to do this is to visit libraries that have installed these systems and ask detailed questions about the results. Has theft declined significantly? Are there other advantages and cost savings associated with the technology? Every library is unique and has to consider all of the factors involved to make this important decision. There is information available that will help with the research needed to make an informed decision. Information in this section of the report will be used in the Facility section and the Building Program Narrative and Space Descriptions (Appendix A) to determine the space requirements for housing and future expansion for all of the collections. The Facility section that follows also includes more descriptions of public service areas.


25

Lapeer District Library Facility Study – The New Facility

The Lapeer District Library needs to develop plans for replacing the deAngeli building. The preceding section provided an extensive analysis of the deficiencies of the current facility and recommended relocating the library to a larger existing building or constructing a new library. There are certain requirements that have to be met in order to use an existing structure for public library services. One of the most important decisions is to determine if the facility should be a one-story building or multi-story. The Consultant favors a one-floor library. Here are just a few of the reasons:

Library shelving on the second floor of a building requires a floor loading capacity of 150 lbs. per square foot because of the weight of the books. Most office buildings are built for a much lighter 90 lbs. per square foot load capacity. This can make it difficult to use existing multi-story facilities or existing buildings with basements because floor support will often need to be improved in order to make the facilities safe for housing the heavy weight of book stacks.

A 3 ft. x 20 inch typical section of double-sided library shelving weighs about 1,972 pounds at 85% capacity; so adequate floor loading support is a serious matter.

A two-story building requires stairwells for movement between floors and for emergency egress.

An elevator has to be installed.

More staffing is needed to operate on two floors; this translates into significant additional personnel costs over time. Staffing is, of course, the most expensive budget item for any library. A one-floor library can be designed with open public spaces that are much easier to supervise and staff.

The public library is a very open environment that allows free entry and access to everyone. All public areas of a library need to have employees present. Library staff have to be aware of who is in the building at all times. Younger library users are often in the library without a parent or guardian, so the staff has to be vigilant. Library patron safety is improved with more staff concentrated on one floor.

Ceiling heights are often more limited in existing two-story buildings; higher ceilings create better opportunities for interior design that is aesthetically pleasing and exciting for library users.

What to look for in an existing building:

Adequate parking for patrons and staff (based upon the library’s requirements).

Good outdoor lighting for safety and security.

A facility that is easily accessible for persons with disabilities and meets all requirements for the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

A quality building with enough windows, good exterior grade siding, a roof that is newer and does NOT leak, proper exits for fire and other emergencies.

A facility with a wired smoke detection system; a fire suppression system would be a bonus.

An HVAC system that is not out-of date and provides heating and cooling with minimal noise; fan sounds, blowers, condensers, etc. should be placed so that the public service areas are reasonably quiet.


26

Electrical systems that are up-to-date and provide enough capacity for computers; wall outlets in all areas; telephone lines, computer cabling (or the capacity for installing these).

Preferably, a building that has cabling for easy internet access.

A building that can pass inspection by a professional firm familiar with the requirements of a modern public library.

Or, if a facility lacks some of the needs the library has, a price that can make it attractive to purchase and renovate to the library’s specifications.

It is possible that an existing building that meets the library’s space requirements could be purchased and renovated. But the building inventory in most communities is usually quite limited, so the library has to be prepared to make a decision in a market that changes day to day. In some communities public libraries have been fortunate to have a facility donated or provided at a very reasonable cost. Other types of financial arrangements have included a lease arrangement where the landlord constructed the facility and provided the library with a long-term multi-year lease, or perhaps a lease-purchase agreement. Some Michigan public libraries have taken advantage of the Community Facilities Loans and Grants for Rural Libraries program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This is definitely something that the Lapeer District Library needs to investigate as one possible source that can provide some help with this project. The Lapeer District Library does have some existing fund balance that can be devoted to this project. All possible sources of grants (such as the USDA program) need to be investigated. A fundraising campaign can also be instituted to create opportunities for individuals and businesses in the community to contribute. In addition to all of these possible sources of funding, it is most likely that the library will have to finance a bond issue based upon the taxable value of the property within the Lapeer District Library service area. This issue is covered beginning on page 33 under “Cost Estimates and Bonding Costs with the details provided in Appendix C and Appendix D.

Visiting Other Libraries One of the best ways to get a sense of library spaces and to develop an understanding of what the Lapeer District Library Board and staff want to create, is to visit other libraries that have already gone through the process. The Consultant believes this is the most important part of developing the vision of what can be done. The Facilities Committee and selected staff should identify at least four libraries that are within a reasonable traveling distance and schedule visits. It is best if the visit is arranged directly with the Library Director. If the questions can be sent to the Library Director prior to the visit, it gives the staff at the library to be visited time to gather information in advance. Prior to the visits there is a need to develop a checklist and question set to be completed for each visit. It is good to visit with a critical eye. Begin with identifying signage, parking, outdoor lighting, entry area (covered or not), entry doors and hallway (good weather barrier to keep cold air from rushing in?), circulation area (self-check, security system, exterior book return). The list can go on, and the details are important. There should be a designated photographer. Many good ideas come from discussing the building with staff. It will help to be able to sit down with some of the staff and have time to get more information. It is useful to have the technology and maintenance person on these visits for them to be able to inquire about their areas of expertise.


27

The Building Program

The Consultant used a number of sources to assist in the analysis and development of the space needs for the Lapeer District Library.

Input from the library staff questionnaires that provided 29 pages of responses to questions about the current facility and what is needed to provide improved library services.

Staff interviews with ten staff and the Executive Director of the Family Literacy Center that provided 18 pages of helpful information.

Meeting with the Facilities Committee to get their vision and input.

The “staff wish list” that provided 6 pages of concepts and ideas about what improvements are needed to provide up-to-date library services to library users; topics include building needs in general, children’s spaces, circulation area, computers, furniture and furnishings, meeting rooms, office space, parking, teen space, storage needs, etc.

The Library Director was always available to provide information as needed and to review work in progress that was a major help to the Consultant.

This report is truly the result of the excellent staff response and the detailed input that was provided.

Description of Spaces The Collections The staff expressed two different needs concerning the library collections: the first was to provide for more space to ease the crowding; the second need was to provide adequate space for future expansion of the collections. The “Print and Media Collections” are described in detail beginning on page 14 in this report. The Consultant listed the current shelving counts for all of the library collections on pages 15 and 16. This was followed by the “Future Space Needs and Projections” on pages 22 and 23, showing the linear feet shelving counts that will be needed to house future collections. The plan calls for less crowded shelves and wider aisles, and projects the need for a 40% increase in linear feet of shelving to house the collections. The shelving heights, reduced fill ratio for each shelf, larger aisle widths, and more space for moving between rows of stacks, increases the need for more floor space beyond just the 40% increase in linear feet. The goal is to make the collections much easier for the patrons to use. It also will allow for the collections to grow without having to discard items that should be retained. Shelving materials will also be much easier with significantly less-crowded shelves. Children’s Area Tables and charts do help provide the details needed for space planning, but the Consultant prefers to illustrate some areas of the building program with drawings that help give the reader a concept of space relationships for various functions. Perhaps one of the most important spaces in today’s public library is the children’s area. Based upon population served, size of other branches in the Lapeer District Library system, the space needs for collections, computers, family restrooms, storytelling and activity room needs, office and storage spaces, etc., the Consultant determined that the Children’s Library should be at least 4,200 sq. ft. The following drawing shows one possible layout for a Children’s area.


28

The Children’s Area – One Concept

Space Dimensions – 71 ft. x 61 ft. (4,331 square feet)

These drawings are significantly reduced to fit this page. They show that a major change in providing services to children can take place in this area of a new facility. The existing Children’s Room in the deAngeli building is 1,288 sq. ft. This new space is more than three times the size of the current Children’s Room at 4,331 sq. ft. The bottom drawing shows square feet dimensions.


29

Adult and Young Adult Collection Descriptions and Space Required The future space needed for all of the adult and young adult collections is illustrated below. The area shown is 71 ft. x 51.5 ft. (not to scale in this reduced illustration). The total sq. ft. required for these two collections is 3,657 sq. ft. The young adult collection area is about 19’ x 17’ – 323 sq. ft., so the adult collection totals 3,334 sq. ft. These library stacks are planned at 84 inches high. The double stacks are 20 inches wide (provides 10 inch shelves on each side) except for the double “Current Magazines” four-section stack that is 24 inches wide (12 inch shelves). The magazine stack sections will have slanted shelves for face-out display. The aisles are 42 inches wide. Stack sections are planned with only 12 ft. (4 sections) to allow for easy passage between rows. This provides a much more open look and feel in the book stack areas.


30

Young Adult Area Illustration of Space

The Young Adult Area in the existing deAngeli facility includes room for only one table and space for shelving the young adult collection. Young adult areas in public libraries are now beginning to include space for teens to not only have access to their print and media collections, but also to be able to get together for activities such as gaming, creating music recordings and videos, etc. A dedicated space for this group will be an important feature of the new library facility. The Consultant has provided a drawing below to illustrate a space of 900 sq. ft. and to show the size of the collections that will need to be housed in the space. It can easily fit the collections, provide relaxed seating, booths, computer stations and room for other activities. The Young Adult Area needs to be designed with the involvement of a young adult committee that will work with library staff responsible for this service area and the project’s interior designer to come up with a plan for the best ways to make the space a real draw. Much is now happening in libraries across the country with makerspaces, videogaming, computer design, recording booths, photography, etc. The layout below shows the relative size of the room. It is not a recommendation for what should go into the space, but is provided to show that the collection fits easily into the space with significant extra room to do more. The drawing below shows four computer stations, casual seating for four, a four-seat round table, two booths to seat eight people, and housing for all of the Young Adult collections. The size of this room provides for many possibilities. Perhaps this space could adjoin a “creation activity center” that provides even more opportunities for teens to work together.


31

Meeting Room, Tutoring, Adult Computer and Fireplace Spaces

Three different sized meeting room spaces are included in the building program to provide for different uses. This plan will allow for more rooms to be provided, especially the smaller two or three-person tutoring rooms. The Board Room provides needed meeting room space for Board and Board committee meetings as well as for staff meetings without having to use the Large Meeting Room for these purposes. The Board Room can also be available for general use when not booked for library activities.

Board Room (1)

Small Meeting Room (2)

Small Tutoring Room (3)

Twelve Adult Area Computer Stations These twelve computer stations will provide more room and privacy for users. If all of the computers are being used, there is also an opportunity to be able to make additional computers available in the computer lab when it is not being used for training. Currently there are only eight public computers in the deAngeli building and those are in quite crowded conditions.

Fireplace Alcove Area – most public libraries now include this feature that provides a casual area for relaxing and reading in the library. It is included in the facility space program.


32

Computer Training Room with Server Room and Technology Office – The Computer Training Room can serve a double purpose for both staff and public computer training. And when the room is not in use for training purposes it can be planned for use by the general public. One wall could have windows with curtains that can be closed if necessary during training sessions and kept open when the public is allowed to use the computers in the room. It is important to have the server room and technology office adjacent to the training room for ease of wiring.

Much more detail of the various areas recommended for the new facility are described in Appendix A, “Building Program Narrative and Space Allocations,” (pp. 35 to 54). Some of these major areas include:

Building Exterior and Parking

Children’s

Young Adult

Adult

Information Technology

Staff Areas

Circulation Desk Area

Main Entry Area and Large Meeting Room

Maintenance and Storage

The next two pages provide information on project cost estimates and bonding costs for the

library project that have been compiled by the Consultant. This is followed by four appendices.

Appendix A – BUILDING PROGRAM NARRATIVE AND SPACE ALLOCATIONS

Appendix B – NEW FACILITY SPACE ALLOCATION TABLE Appendix C – NEW FACILITY ARCHITECT’S COST ESTIMATE Appendix D – NEW FACILITY BUILDING AND SITE BOND COST ESTIMATES


33

Lapeer District Library Facility Study Cost Estimates and Bonding Costs

In order to obtain accurate and reliable cost figures for the planned future library facility, the

Consultant contacted Dennis Jensen, a library architect with the C2AE architect and engineering

firm located in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The Consultant provided Mr. Jensen with the Building

Program Narrative (Appendix A) and the Space Allocation Report (Appendix B) that show the

square feet space estimates for the new facility. Mr. Jensen’s complete cost opinion figures are

provided in Appendix C on pages 58 and 59 of this report and also listed below.

In addition to Mr. Jensen’s report, the Consultant received professional assistance from RJ

Naughton, Vice President, Stauder, Barch and Associates, Inc., of Ann Arbor. Mr. Naughton

provided information on bonding costs that would be required to fund the library building

project. His detailed report is included as Appendix D on pages 60-66. A brief synopsis of his

figures is also included on the next page.

Architect Cost Estimate – Dennis Jensen - C2AE

New Construction Sq. Ft. Cost Total Costs

Building: 27,700 SF x $185.00 $ 5,125,000

Site Work: 27,700 SF x $ 27.00 $ 748,000

Subtotal New Construction $ 5,873,000 ($212.02/SF)

Furniture, Furnishings, & Equipment (FFE) 27,700 SF x $27.00 $ 748,000

Security & Technology (S&T) 27,700 SF x $16.00 $ 443,000

Subtotal $ 7,064,000* ($255.00/SF)

Soft Costs

10% Contingency $ 706,000*

5% Owner Costs $ 353,000

8.0% Professional Design Fees $ 622,000

Subtotal Soft Costs $ 1,681,000

Total Project Cost $ 8,745,000 ($315.70/SF)

Possible Project Additions

Add 14,000 SF Basement (includes elevator & stairs):

$ 1,040,000

New Collection Allowance (from Capital Campaign?)

$ 500,000


34

Bonding Cost Estimate – RJ Naughton – Stauder, Barch & Associates, Inc.

Mr. Naughton developed estimates of the property tax millage necessary to fund a bond for the

library project. He illustrated funding for both $8,000,000 and $9,000,000 amounts. His

more detailed figures are provided in Appendix D.

As Mr. Naughton explains in his report, the bonding cost figures provided below are 1% higher

than what they would be in the current market (February, 2015). He uses higher interest rates

of 4.5% for 20 year bonds and 4.75% for 25 year bonds because he is considering that a property

tax millage vote would not take place until 2016. It is possible that the interest rates will remain

as they currently are, but it is prudent to provide the higher rate for planning purposes. This is

an important point. If the 4.75% rate illustrated in the annual and monthly costs remained at

the current market rate of 3.75%, it would result in a 21% reduction in the annual and monthly

costs. For example, the Home Market Value of $200,000 would have a yearly tax of just

$26.86 ($2.24 a month) rather than the $34.00 yearly ($2.83 monthly) highlighted below.

Bond Term Bond Amount Interest Rate 1st Year Millage Average Millage Max. Mills

20 Year $8,000,000 4.5% 0,34 0.30 0.34

20 Year $9,000,000 4.5% 0.37 0.34 0.37

25 Years $8,000,000 4.75% 0.30 0.26 0.30

25 Years $9,000,000 4.75% 0.34 0.29 0.34

Based upon Mr. Naughton’s figures, the Consultant has provided a taxpayer cost analysis below to show what property owners would pay to support a bond issue at both the $8,000,000, $9,000,000 and $10,000,000 figures using the longer 25-year payback period with a 4.75% interest rate. The Home Market Value is the anticipated actual value of the home if it were up for sale. Property taxes are calculated using the Taxable Value in the second column.

Annual Cost 8 Million 9 Million 10 million

Home Market Value Home Taxable Value .30 mills .34 mills .38 mills

$100,000 $50,000 $15.00 $17.00 $19.00

$150,000 $75,000 $22.50 $25.50 $28.50

$200,000 $100,000 $30.00 $34.00 $38.00

$250,000 $125,000 $37.50 $42.50 $47.50

$300,000 $150,000 $45.00 $51.00 $57.00

$350,000 $175,000 $52.50 $59.50 $66.50

Monthly Cost 8 Million 9 Million 10 million

Home Market Value Home Taxable Value .30 mills .34 mills .38 mills

$100,000 $50,000 $1.25 $1.42 $1.58

$150,000 $75,000 $1.88 $2.13 $2.38

$200,000 $100,000 $2.50 $2.83 $3.17

$250,000 $125,000 $3.13 $3.54 $3.96

$300,000 $150,000 $3.75 $4.25 $4.75

$350,000 $175,000 $4.38 $4.96 $5.54


35

APPENDIX A

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY

BUILDING PROGRAM NARRATIVE AND SPACE ALLOCATIONS

EXTERIOR – PARKING

The parking lot will be attractively landscaped with easy to maintain trees and plantings on the periphery

and on traffic dividers. A “sea of asphalt” look should be avoided. The sprinkling system will feed the

parking lot plantings. Every effort should be made to select plants that will thrive. A well-illuminated

parking lot is essential for user safety (see under exterior lighting below.)

There will be a minimum of 100 spaces for public parking, staff and volunteers. All parking spaces should

be large enough to comfortably park larger vehicles such as vans and pickup trucks. Parking for persons

with disabilities will be as close to the entry as possible. At least two of these spaces should be designed

for side-loading wheel chair vans. Sidewalks from the parking lot will lead to the main entrance.

EXTERIOR LANDSCAPING

The landscaping will be designed by a professional landscaper. Trees and plantings will be attractive,

change with the seasons and be as low-maintenance as possible. Lawn space will be designed so that it is

easily mowed by commercial mowing equipment. A sprinkling system with moisture detection capability

will be installed for the lawn and all plantings. The landscaping design will complement the building design

and help the building fit naturally on the site. It may be desirable for the library to have an outside reading

and patio area that can also be used for family and children’s activities sponsored by the library. This would

include patio tables and outdoor seating. Staff will need to be consulted about the uses and possible size of

this space.

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Exterior lights will be controlled by photocells connected with the library’s lighting controls. Any type of

timer system used will be easily understood and programmable by staff. Use vandal proof lights in the

parking area. Use LED (light emitting diode) lamps that conform to light-polluting guidelines such as those

recommended by the Dark Sky Society. The after-hours book return and book pickup area will be lighted

all night. Lighting along pathways to the building will provide sufficient light for pedestrians. Exterior

lighting should be designed for long life, operational efficiency and to avoid glare and light pollution.

EXTERIOR ENTRY AREA AND DRIVE UP MATERIALS RETURN

The public entry to the building should be obvious. It should be defined by a covered walkway or covered

area. There will be covered space to allow drop off for passengers. This area will include drive-up book

and media drops for cars and vans. The materials deposited should go through the exterior walls and into

the Materials Return Room. There will be two materials return wall cutouts – one for print materials and

the other for media. Spring-loaded rolling carts will collect the returned items. Wiring for RFID (Radio

Frequency Identification) needs to be provided at these return slots for automatic check-in because the

library may eventually use such a system.


36

EXTERIOR DELIVERY AND STAFF ENTRANCE AREA

A delivery and staff entrance area will be designed to include adjacent staff parking spaces. This area will

be separate and away from the public entrance area. Delivery trucks and vans will be able to back into this

delivery entry area. The exterior and interior of the delivery entry will be at the same level. A loading dock

may not be necessary; this should be worked out with staff during design development. Wiring for the

possible installation of a camera that can be monitored on the library’s computer network should be

provided for this entry. Also, a bell or buzzer may need to be installed to ring in the staff work area.

The entry doors to this area will be double doors designed for easy entry for delivery of book bags, boxes

and other larger items to an interior loading area. The doors should be very durable with kick plates on

the exterior and interior bottom sections that are designed to take a beating from delivery dollies and carts.

This doorway will be fitted with a keyless push button combination lock or with electronic card-access

keying as specified by staff.

The first space inside the door will be a delivery room (see below for description of the Delivery Area.)

The delivery room will be large enough to store incoming and outgoing materials and for some shelving.

A second double door will provide entry into the staff work area. This door should also include a push

button combination lock or electronic card-access keying. This will allow the library to provide delivery

and mail services with a card or combination to enter the delivery area only.

EXTERIOR – GENERAL

The entrance road to the parking area will be designed to allow adequate space for both incoming and

exiting traffic (left and right turn lanes for exiting traffic). The entrance point will be well lit and will

include a sign identifying the library. Staff should be consulted about the specific design that will have to

conform to city code. Electrical will need to be provided to light the sign, and perhaps a data line if the

sign code allows for electronic messages. All exterior water and electrical hookups will be vandal proof.

Provide electrical and water on all sides of the building.

The exterior of the building will be designed for low maintenance. Equipment should not be mounted on

the roof. The roof should be designed to allow for water runoff and low ice build-up in winter. A water

retention system may be needed. All local codes for water retention and drainage will be adhered to.

INTERIOR – GENERAL

Acoustics - Acoustical control is of critical importance in the design of the library. Controlling noise in

the lobby and at the main entry/circulation desk area is essential. Use acoustical ceiling tiles with a high

noise reduction coefficient to help with sound control. Locate HVAC equipment so that noise from start-

up, blowers, and other noise producing equipment is at a minimum in public and staff areas of the facility,

preferably at a corner of the building that will include the mechanical, electrical and storage areas. Insulate

mechanical rooms and ductwork so that sound pollution is kept to an absolute minimum. All meeting and

study rooms, rest rooms and mechanical rooms will be designed for high acoustical control as well. Walls

for these spaces will extend to the structural deck. These areas should have a sound transmission class

(STC) no lower than 50. Office areas should be rated at STC 40 and most other functions at STC 35.

Separating the Children’s Area from the adult area will help with sound control, but the interior design

should make it possible for both areas to be at least partially observed from the circulation desk.


37

“Attic” Stock - Consider ease of cleaning when selecting all floor and wall materials, paints, hardware,

doors, etc. Provide for extra amounts of materials such as carpet tiles, paint, rolled carpet, vinyl or other

tile, ceiling tiles, bulbs, ballasts, breakers, fuses, etc., so they can be used as replacements. Also, consider

storage space for these materials.

Barrier-Free Design - Use barrier-free design in all areas of the library. The facility, equipment and

furnishings need to meet the requirements of applicable laws, codes or ordinances. The American Library

Association has compiled excellent information about this topic at (http://www.ala.org/tools/ada-and-

libraries). The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been revised recently and now the 2010 ADA

Standards for Accessible Design have been incorporated into the Federal Code. See details at:

(http://www.ada.gov/regs2010/2010ADAStandards/2010ADAstandards.htm#titleII). Michigan’s

Utilization of Public Facilities by Physically Limited (Public Act 1 of 1966, as amended) provides further

requirements for Michigan facilities.

Camera Equipment - Work with staff to plan the installation of security cameras for the interior and exterior

of the facility including the parking lot. This equipment is much more affordable and reliable than it has

been in the past and makes good sense for building security. The equipment will be digital and allow for

long-term recording. Plan for a system that can be monitored from desktops on the staff LAN and that can

be accessed remotely as well.

Ceilings, Floors, Corners and Walls – There will be no interior load-bearing walls. Columns need to be

located for maximum visibility and ease of shelving and furniture placement. A library always needs to

change floor layouts over time. The more flexible the interior is designed for change, the better. Floor

loading must be designed at a minimum of 150 lbs. per sq. ft.

Ceilings need to be designed at 11 to 12 feet in height to create an open and airy feeling in the facility.

Some ceiling areas may, of course, extend above this height to create other design effects. The architect

should make sure the library staff understands the ceiling designs, clerestory windows, etc. that may be

considered. Some libraries have been designed with ceiling heights that have created noise problems, extra

heating costs and other difficulties. Special attention will be paid to window design so that sunlight coming

into the building will not create uncomfortable hot spots and excessive glare. Design windows and awnings

to avoid direct sunlight into the building.

Provide good protection to all corners of walls and support columns where people and book trucks may

come in contact with them. High traffic areas such as near the entry, in front of and behind all service

desks and in “pathways” should be considered for a different design and layout of carpet (perhaps carpet

tiles) so it can be replaced before other carpeting has to be changed.

Data and Electrical Wiring for Hardware - The building will be designed to accommodate wireless

technology for phones and computers. There will be convenient access to power and data receptacles for

all tables, study carrels, staff work stations, meeting and study rooms. A library will always be moving

furniture and shelving from place to place within the building, so flexibility in how electrical and

telecommunication wiring is installed will be very important. Consider a floor wiring system such as

Walkerduct to provide this type of flexibility or in trays above the ceiling in some type of grid pattern that

will allow accessible wiring throughout the building. The more flexible the wiring system for electrical and

data, the better. The electrical and telecommunications system will need to support current and future

wiring and cabling needs. Insure capacity for twice the number of computers and other devices in the

current program. No horizontal runs of cable should exceed 300 feet.

http://www.ada.gov/regs2010/2010ADAStandards/2010ADAstandards.htm#titleII


38

Each staff workstation on public service desks and in office areas will be designed for good concealment

of electrical and data wiring. There should be no exposed wiring. All data wiring will be clearly numbered

and color-coded. All this work in locating telephone equipment needs to be carefully coordinated with

staff. The location of the electrical closet, phone and telecommunications closet should also be coordinated

with the staff (see Telecommunications Room below.) Provide for security camera wiring at locations to

be determined by the staff.

The library plans call for a computer training room, server room and technology specialist office in three

rooms so that all wiring can be easily installed and changed as needed for future configurations. The staff

will need to be involved in the design of these rooms at the beginning of the planning process. Ease of

wiring in the ceiling or possibly in a raised floor (or floor channels) needs to be discussed with the staff.

RFID technology may be used in the future. Provision will need to be made for electrical wiring and

network wiring at book returns and for the self-checkout stations.

Flooring and Cleaning – Floor coverings are an important design element for the library. Carpet and tile

layout patterns can make areas much more appealing. But all such designs should take into consideration

the ability to hide traffic patterns and soiling as well as ease of replacement and number of different types

of flooring. The library should explore carpet tiles for the facility (especially in high traffic areas.) Carpet

should be easily cleanable, with a low narrow loop and a 20-year life expectancy. Cleaning methods and a

cleaning schedule should be provided to the library for each type of floor material.

Hard-surface flooring will be provided in the entrance lobby, restrooms, kitchenettes, staff break room,

delivery entrance, maintenance, and storage areas. The hard-surface flooring materials chosen will be

highly resistant to slipping, flat-surfaced and designed for low maintenance.

A separate area (perhaps a separate building) has been defined in the library plans to house the library van,

provide for maintenance equipment and supplies storage, and a workshop area including woodworking.

This concept will need to be discussed at the outset of the design process since it could involve a separate

or perhaps attached annex space. Most public library administrators (and especially maintenance staff) will

describe with some regret that they did not create enough storage and work space for maintenance activities

and often for general storage of library materials, supplies, seasonal items, programming and display

materials, etc.

One maintenance closet with mop sink will be located off the entry lobby. This will be an area of more

frequent cleaning. Another such closet will be needed in the maintenance annex space.

Design interior space so that all bulbs, window cleaning and any other maintenance can be done without

using scaffolding. Design to avoid wide window sills and other such surfaces that can be dust-catchers.

Green Building

The library is interested in the application of “green” design and construction for this project and should

explore practical applications of these concepts for the new facility. Perhaps some level of certification

from the U.S. Green Building Council and the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design)

will be of interest. Many citizens in the service area of the library will be interested in what the staff and

Board explored and determined about green design, and especially if it provides savings in operational

costs, so discussing this at the outset of the project is important.


39

HVAC and Fire Suppression - The library recognizes the importance of a well-designed, long-life,

properly sized HVAC system for the building. It will be important to separate control of different areas of

the facility such as the meeting room, board room, staff areas, rest rooms, etc. Relative humidity should be

kept as close as possible to 50%. Good indoor air quality and air exchange is desired. The ASHRAE

(American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.) Handbook of

Fundamentals for Comfort HVAC provides good guidelines for economic operation of equipment.

HVAC equipment should be designed to be controlled electronically with the ability to monitor the building

systems from a remote location. Allow for automatic controls for heating and air conditioning and timers

to provide for the most efficient use of the facility both when in use and not in use. Limit the use of

equipment that requires space along the perimeter walls. This takes floor space that can be better utilized.

A smoke and fire detection system should be installed and connected directly to the fire department. A fire

suppression system may be required by code. This needs to be investigated. There is a special need for

fire suppression in the book return room described below.

Interior Lighting - Lighting of the library requires careful design. Lighting should be indirect, consistent

and uniform. Lights will be as energy-efficient as possible. Most of the book stacks are planned at a height

of 84” with canopy tops over the double-stack sections. The space allocation in this building program

provides for 42” aisles between book stacks. Lighting at one foot above the floor between the stacks should

be a minimum of 6 foot-candles (horizontal) and a maximum of 35 foot-candles (vertical). Public service

desks for adult services, children’s and circulation and all staff work surface areas should be 40 to 50 foot-

candles on the desks and tables. Public reading areas should be 30 to 40 foot-candles. Consult with staff

to determine the preferred type of fixtures and bulbs. Energy savings, efficiency of operation and ease of

replacement are important. Use as few different type fixtures and bulb types as possible and consider ease

of obtaining replacement bulbs in selecting fixtures. Provide for a supply of ballasts, bulbs and other

necessary replacement items for fixtures so they are on hand. (see “Attic Stock” above)

The location of the control panels for the interior lights needs to be determined with staff. A system that is

easy to use and that will turn off all interior lights from one location is desired. Individual rooms will have

separate lighting controls. Light controls for all public service areas should also be provided at the

Circulation Desk. The Large Meeting Room and Computer Training Room as well as the Storytelling

Room will have special lighting controls for dimming. See descriptions of those areas for details. Provide

required emergency and exit lighting according to code. All clocks placed in the library should operate on

batteries only.

Maintenance – The upkeep and maintenance of the facility will be a consideration in the design. Fixtures,

furnishings and materials should be chosen for durability and long life. Files necessary to hold final shop

drawings, manuals and the as-built drawings should be planned for. Maintenance schedules and

instructions for all equipment, floors, fixtures, etc. will be provided to the library in an organized set of

binders. Provide sufficient space for maintenance equipment and storage of necessary supplies including

attic stock.

Shelving and Furniture – High-quality, durable metal free-standing cantilever shelving will be used for

library books. The shelving plan calls for a maximum height of 84” for the shelving units. Most shelving

will be double-faced (DF) in typical 3 ft. long sections. The majority of shelving will have 10” wide shelves

with a few areas having 12” wide shelves. Single-face (SF) wall shelving units in general should be

avoided, but may be utilized in areas that assist with the housing and display of the collection. Consider

slat-wall display wooden end panels. All counter-height shelving called for in the plan will have hard-


40

surfaced, very durable counter tops and edges. Special display type shelving units will be provided for the

new book area and for the media collections. These should be attractive units typical of commercial

furniture built for displaying books and media.

Chairs for reading tables, meeting rooms and auditorium seating will be chosen for comfort, style and

durability. Table tops should be as impervious to damage as possible. The table edges likewise should be

highly resistant to damage from chairs, notebooks and other items that come into contact with the edges.

Chairs should fit the tables with the rails both above and below not subject to damage when coming into

contact with the tables. Chairs should be difficult to lean back in or easily tip. Samples of the suggested

auditorium chairs and tables should be provided to staff for them to test.

ENTRANCE LOBBY/HALLWAY

Area Dimensions Total Allocation

Entrance Lobby/Hallway 14 x 45 630 sq. ft.

This area will be the only public entry and exit for the building from the parking lot. Doors will be easy to

open for all ages with electronic entry and exit for persons with disabilities. Doors will be glass for easy

visibility and for posting of library hours decals. Doors and door hardware will be a very durable

commercial grade that can be serviced locally. In the entry area provide a floor drain and floor covering

system that helps remove dirt, snow, and water from users’ shoes. This floor covering system will be easy

to remove, clean, and replace. The entire lobby area will be well-lit, colorful and inviting to the public, a

welcoming design. Sound control is important in this area, so there is a need to consider this in the selection

of floor and ceiling materials.

The entrance lobby area will include space for a community bulletin board, wall-mounted brochure racks,

lighted display cases, and television/information unit. Install a dual level wall-mounted drinking fountain.

A people-counting device will be installed at the immediate entry area. Preferably this will be a wireless

device that communicates with the library’s network so no data lines would be required.

The Large Meeting Room entrances will be from the lobby area. Adult rest rooms will be accessible from

the lobby and visible from the Circulation Desk. The Family Literacy Center entrance will be in the lobby

across from the Large Meeting Room. The lobby area will include a second set of lockable double doors

at the far end of the lobby for entrance into the main service area of the library. This will enable the library

to schedule meetings when the library is closed.

The lobby floor will be easy to maintain tile or some other comparable and durable floor covering with a

raised tile perimeter. Sound control is important in this area, so a floor that does not resound with the sound

of clicking or squeaking heels is desired. The floor should be flat so that floor mats can be placed on them

during winter months.

Provision needs to be made for electric and cabling for a book security system gate just inside the library

past the second set of entry doors. The library has not yet determined that it will purchase and install a

materials security system, but it is important to provide necessary electrical and cabling for it during

construction. It is most likely that an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system would be the type of

system used. This also means that similar wiring planning needs to be done for both the exterior book and

audiovisual return openings through the outside walls and also the materials return slots built into the

Circulation Desk. Staff will need to be consulted about this provision.


41

LARGE MEETING ROOM(S)

Area Dimensions Total Sq. Ft.

Allocation

Large Meeting Room(s) 35 x 40 1,400

Meeting Room Kitchenette 7 x 13 91

Furniture & Media Storage 13 x 14 182

SUBTOTAL 1,673

Furniture & Equipment:

100 auditorium chairs & needed dollies

20 classroom tables (2’ x 4’) & table dollies

Podium

Small raised stage platform (consider)

Projection screen (electric & ceiling mounted if practical)

Digital projector

Equipment Cart (wireless microphones, cables, computer, etc.)

Kitchenette with dishwasher, microwave, refrigerator, double deep sink

The Large Meeting Room will serve many functions: children’s programs, adult programs, community

meetings, book sales, etc. The room will be dividable into two separate meeting rooms as needed. The

room-dividing foldable walls should be high-quality with sound deadening insulation. Each room should

have separate electrical, wiring, HVAC and sound controls. Careful work should be done with the staff

to determine the design of this space and to understand the uses for the room(s). The space will be flexible.

Tables will be durable but light weight so one person can move them. Narrow classroom tables (2’ x 4’)

designed to take a beating are preferred. They will be stackable onto a rolling cart. Chairs will be

comfortable, durable, and stackable onto a rolling platform. A separate space will be provided for storage

of all tables and chairs, audiovisual equipment and carts, extension cords, wiring, etc. needed for the

functions of the meeting room. The walls in this storage area should include a durable surface to protect

them from getting damaged by furniture dollies and carts.

HVAC controls for this area are important. Since operation of this space may take place at times when the

library is closed, separate controls for this space are needed. Separate controls for each of the divided rooms

(if practical) are also important because adjustments often need to be made to the room during meetings.

When a room fills with many people, this is often the case. Consider providing temperature controls that

allow for a maximum 4 degree adjustment for the public using the Community Room.

Wall surfaces will include some type of durable material from the floor to chair rail height, including at the

top a wide protector strip around the room. From chair rail height to the ceiling provide a combination of

a tackable surface and white board where possible. Windows designed for this space will need room-

darkening shades, so smaller openings are preferred. Ceiling height, lighting and good sound control should

be carefully considered for this space. There will be a picture rail along the perimeter for hanging art work.

Consider an electrically operated projection screen for each room suspended from the ceiling for

presentations. A high quality sound system with wireless microphone capability will be built into the

meeting rooms. Provision for cable television, data, telephone, & electrical will be placed along the wall

and in appropriate floor locations in the rooms. The rooms will be designed for computer and video


42

presentations using the ceiling mounted projection screens. Details for this space and special equipment

need to be worked out with the staff.

Provide alcove areas as needed for storage of coats. A kitchenette with space for a double-deep sink,

disposal, microwave, dishwasher, counter space, and storage cabinets will be adjacent to the meeting room.

Provide for a fan that vents to the outside from the kitchenette.

The floor will be carpet tile that is highly resistant to stains and easy to clean. Lighting controls will be on

a dimmer system and easily controlled from one location in each room. Pay careful attention to lighting

design for this space. Lights should be placed so that when projection is needed to the screen, there is no

ambient light interfering with the projection. Consider zoned lighting with individual dimmer controls for

each zone.

FAMILY LITERACY CENTER


Allocation

Family Literacy Center 35’ x 30 1,050

SUBTOTAL 1,050

The Family Literacy Center has been a long-time partner with the library in providing literacy tutoring

and programming for the library. The library wishes to continue this relationship and strengthen it with

the provision of space for the Center. This area will be located off the entry hall and across from the

Large Meeting Room area. This will make it easy to locate and convenient for individuals seeking

information or assistance from the Family Literacy Center. The space will provide for an information

desk, classroom space and offices. The Literacy Center will be able to share large and small meeting

room spaces in the library for meetings, programs and tutoring.

ADULT REST ROOMS


Allocation

Women’s Rest Room 10.5 x 27 284

Men’s Rest Room 10.5 x 27 284

SUBTOTAL 568

The adult rest rooms will be entered from the lobby area so that they can be used when the library is closed

and the community room is being utilized. The entry to the rest rooms will be visible from the circulation

and information desk through a glass wall. Include changing tables in both restrooms. Include both electric

towel dispensers and built-in waste receptacles. The floors should be easily cleanable with floor drains and

tile should continue up a portion of the wall, perhaps to chair rail height (preferably to the ceiling). Toilets

and urinals will be wall-mounted and automatic flush. Toilet stalls will include a shelf and coat hanger.

Toilet paper dispensers will be for larger size rolls, lockable and durable. The women’s rest room will

include sanitary napkin waste containers.


43

LOBBY AREA MAINTENANCE CLOSET


Allocation

Lobby Maintenance Closet 9 x 14 126

This room will have a separate entrance from the hallway (not through a restroom). The door should be

40" wide and preferably open to 180 degrees (against the outside wall). The sink should be a floor-set

mop sink measuring 2'x3'. The water faucets should be placed using a braced spigot with an integral

bucket hook. Above the long side there should be a wall-mounted mop-hanging bracket so drying mops

can drip into the floor sink. Use adjustable solid metal shelves 36" (w) by 72" (h) by 18" (d). Provide a

high ceiling height for this room to accommodate ladders, poles, etc.

ENTRANCEWAY AND SELF CHECKOUT STATIONS


Allocation

Entranceway 12 x 32 384

Self-Checkout Stations (3) 2 x 3 (x3) 18

SUBTOTAL 402

This is the entrance area into the library proper as well as the exit into the lobby. The space includes the

area in front of the circulation desk. There will be double doors that can be locked so that entry into the

library collection and circulation areas can be closed off from the lobby. This will allow for meetings to

take place at times when the library is closed. Theft detection security gates may eventually be installed

here, so provision for electrical and wiring will be needed. The library will most likely consider an RFID

security system. Space for three self-checkout stations will need to be provided near the exit and Circulation

area. These units will require electrical, data and provision for possible future RFID technology as well.

Units can be placed on a 2’ x 3’ table top or may come from the manufacturer as a self-contained unit taking

up a similar amount of space.

NEW MATERIALS DISPLAY AREA

This area will be near the entry into the building and near the Information Desk. It will be the first collection

the public encounters upon entering and passing the Circulation Desk. The primary purpose of this space

is to provide an attractive display of books and audiovisual items. The display units should be typical of a

bookstore and provide for a good amount of face-out display.


Allocation

New Materials Display

10 x 12

120

SUBTOTAL 120


44

CIRCULATION DESK


Allocation

Circulation Desk 17 x 21 357

SUBTOTAL 357

This area needs to be located in close proximity to the lobby entrance so that entry and exit from the building

and use of public restrooms can be monitored. Also, from this area it will be helpful to have the public area

of the library as visible as possible so that the circulation staff can be aware of patron activity in the building.

Glass partitions between the entry lobby area and the circulation area are needed so staff can view the

restroom entry doors and hallway entrance.

This is an area of high-use activity where registration for library cards takes place, payment of fines, dealing

with problems, picking up books on holds, checking out and checking in library materials, receiving and

making phone calls and providing general information to visitors entering the building. Therefore sound

control is very important for this area. Consider ceiling height and good acoustical control so sound is not

broadcast into the rest of the building.

There is space planned here for three check-out stations at the circulation desk. One of these stations will

be designed to accommodate persons with disabilities. The other two stations will be designed to provide

service at typical stand-up height with transaction shelves.

The circulation desk will be designed so that the public cannot easily come behind the desk. The desk will

be built in modules so that if any future changes are needed in configuring the space, the desk can be

rearranged or easily refitted. There will be a materials return slot and space for a collection bin under the

circulation counter for those users who have carried materials into the library that need to be returned.

RFID wiring needs to be provided for this return. The area will include three or four sections of shelving

for materials being held for customer pick up. Counter space will be needed here for a cash register and

other equipment. There should be space in the area to “park” book trucks.

It is critically important that staff working in this area be consulted when the design work for the area is

being done. The work environment here is important to how well the library functions. Location of

computer work stations (and what will be included at each station), ease of view of all areas of the library,

lighting of the area, wiring, cabling, sound control, signage, design of work stations, comfortable floor

treatment for long periods of standing, seating and general aesthetics, are all important considerations.

Between the Circulation Desk and the Circulation Work Area will be a glass partition for easy viewing of

the activity at the circulation desk from the work area. Staff working in this space must be able to see if

additional help is needed in assisting the public.

Special considerations for this area not mentioned above include the need to have highly durable finishes

on the counters and especially the edges of the counters on both the public and staff sides. Good wire

management is essential in this work area. Data cabling will go to all three work stations. Electrical and

data lines may be needed for other equipment as specified by the staff. Avoid design that allows sunlight

into this area such as an open skylight or window placement that allows sun to stream into the space. The

illustration below shows the dimensions of the space and one possible space configuration.


45

PATRON COPY CENTER

Area Dimensions Total Sq. Ft. Allocation


SUBTOTAL 120

The Copy Center will provide a space for copying library books, magazines or other documents brought in

by the public. A recessed alcove space should be designed for this function to block out as much noise as

possible from this area. Provide a sorting counter with lockable cabinets above and below that will be used

for paper and ink supplies along with other storage needs. Allow space for a standard electric typewriter,

small table and chair. This area will be near the Circulation Desk. If possible, design the space so it

can be easily viewed from the circulation desk. There will be one copy machine, a change machine, and

counter height lockable cabinets for copy paper, toner cartridges and other supplies. The counter will be

used as a sorting table for those making copies. The main concerns are for ease of customer use, visibility

by staff and dampening of sound from the equipment. The copy machine will be on a dedicated circuit and

may require 220 volt service.

CIRCULATION WORK AREA


Allocation


SUBTOTAL 120

This space will be immediately behind the circulation area with windows to allow for easy visibility so staff

working in this space can determine if assistance is needed at the circulation desk.

MATERIALS RETURN ROOM


Allocation

Materials Return Room 10 x 8 80

SUBTOTAL 80


46

This room is built to receive the library materials being returned to the library. It should be directly

connected to the circulation work room or by a corridor to the workroom. There are two large library carts

(one for printed materials and the other for media items). The wheeled carts have a spring-loaded

descending platform that lowers as more items are added. The room must be as fire resistant as possible

with smoke detection, sprinklers, and fire-rated doors and ceilings to prevent any possibility of fire

spreading to the rest of the building. It should be placed in the best location possible for moving the filled

returned materials carts to the circulation workroom. Wall treatment in this space is important. Walls

should be very durable (could be unfinished) and able to take a beating from book trucks, book return carts,

etc. An extra wide door or double doors into the space should be considered. Sound control between this

space and the staff work area is needed. Book returns are very noisy.

STAFF SPACES

This section describes the area of the building that will house the library staff offices, work desks, work

room with tables for processing and repairing books, files, break room, entry and delivery area, lockers and

staff restrooms. This area provides work stations for library staff, doing various projects. There will be

shelving and storage cabinets to hold book processing and repair materials, copy machine paper and

supplies, office supplies, etc. A staff fax machine, copy machine, and several four-drawer lateral files will

be placed in the area as well as space for check-in of library materials from the book return room. Nine

work stations will be provided. Work stations will include closed cabinet shelves above, pencil drawer,

and space for legal files on each side. Each will have a computer and all necessary data and electrical

cabling. Computers will print to a staff print station. Provide task lighting for work stations. All work

stations and files will include locks for security of any files a staff member wants secured. There are a

variety of different tasks for these work stations such as interlibrary loan, Michigan Electronic Library

check-in, check-out and packaging, bookkeeping and human resources. Each station will have a specific

function and staff will need to provide significant input about the design and layout of this space.

Work tables are needed for a variety of tasks. There will be provision for electrical wiring for the tables.

Shelving will be provided for older books being repaired and new books being processed. This area

provides space for the circulation staff to unpack deliveries, sort returned materials, and shelve some

materials; it will include space for book carts used to take materials to the shelves. The entry to this space

will be immediately behind the circulation desk area. A door and glass partition will separate this area from

the circulation and information desk.

LIBRARY DIRECTOR’S OFFICE


Allocation

Library Director’s Office 10 x 15 150

SUBTOTAL 150

The Library Director's office should be located in an area that provides an open window view of the library,

yet will allow for privacy as well, preferably near the Circulation Desk entry area. This office should also

be in the same area as the Finance Manager's office and general office area.


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FINANCE MANAGER’S OFFICE


Allocation

Finance Manager’s Office 10 x 12 120

SUBTOTAL 120

The Finance Manager needs a private office that provides sufficient space for a modular desk, counter

space, storage, and room for files. This space should be near the general work area that will include counter

height surfaces for spreading and sorting of items.

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES


Allocation

Technical Services Office 10 x 12 120

SUBTOTAL 120

The Assistant Director for Technical Services oversees the library’s technology services, ordering,

cataloging and processing of all new library materials. This office should be adjacent to the Director’s

office and near the general work area.

GENERAL OFFICE AREA


Allocation

General Work Area & Files 12 x 26 312

Nine Staff Modular Work

Desks

15 x 30

450

SUBTOTAL 762

This will be an open office area providing work spaces and work desks for the staff. Library files will be

housed in this space. An area 26’ x 12’ will provide nine typical work station modular desks for use by

staff members, providing access to a desk, filing space and computer (some stations may be shared).

One other space in this office area can provide a double sink and work counter with typical cabinet storage

above and below, space for ten vertical file cabinets, work table and work counters. Provide for a counter

height work surface that will provide room for processing library materials.

STAFF BREAK ROOM, RESTROOMS AND LOCKERS


Allocation

Staff Break Room 15 x 25 375

Staff Lockers 8 x 14 112

Staff Restrooms (2) 7 x 10 (x2) 140

SUBTOTAL 627


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The break room should be near the staff entrance to the building. A kitchenette area should include a double

sink, refrigerator, dishwasher, stovetop, microwave oven, counter space and cabinetry for storage of

supplies. It will include tables and casual seating. Lockers and restrooms need to be located adjacent to the

break room and the staff entry described below.

STAFF AND DELIVERY ENTRANCE VESTIBULE


Allocation

Staff and Delivery Entrance

Vestibule

10 x 20 200

SUBTOTAL 200

This space is both the delivery entrance and the staff entrance to the building. It will provide room to drop

off deliveries and for temporary storage of items delivered to the library that are awaiting disposition by

the staff. A covered entry area (overhang) should be provided that will allow delivery vehicles to drive up

to the doors and drop off materials in inclement weather. The entry area will be designed so that snowplows

can easily clean the delivery and entrance area (no posts or barriers.) A loading dock may not be needed

here, but staff should be consulted about this to make the final determination. A combination door lock or

card-key entry system will allow deliveries into this space when the library is closed. There will be double

entry doors from the outside. Double doors will then also enter into the Circulation and Staff work area.

A second combination door lock or card-key will allow staff and other authorized personnel to enter.

Consider the possibility of installing shelving here if needed.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY*


Allocation

Information Technology

Office

10 x 15

150

Computer Server Room 10 x 15 150

Computer Training Room 15 x 24 360

SUBTOTAL 660

*(See a drawing of this space on page 32.)

The Information Technology area has three distinct rooms including the information technology office,

computer server room, computer training room - all described in detail below. Staff will need to be heavily

involved in the configuration of these rooms.

The Information Technology Office - This room provides space for the Information Technology Specialist

to work and handle equipment. It will be next to the Computer Server Room and possibly have a raised

floor (or overhead wiring) as described in the Computer Server Room description.

The Computer Server Room – This is a separate room that will need proper air conditioning and air handling

as specified by the staff. This room may have a raised floor to allow wiring to be placed below. It is

important that the design of these three adjoining rooms provide for maximum ease of cabling and wiring.

The library would like to install an uninterruptable power supply (UPS) unit that handles all the computers

in the building rather than one for each computer. A hard-wired centralized UPS unit should be installed.

Insure that the dedicated circuits are properly labeled so they are not used for any other purpose. A small


49

generator should be attached to the UPS to insure that there will be continuous power to the computers in

the event of an electrical outage.

The Computer Training Room – This room is adjacent to the Computer Server Room. It will provide for

eight computers and one trainer. The room can serve a dual purpose for both staff and public computer

training. When the lab is not in use for training purposes it could be used by the general public. One wall

could have windows with curtains that can be closed if necessary during training sessions and kept open so

the staff can allow access to this room when the twelve public computers are all in use.

CD and DVD COLLECTIONS AREA

The library currently has a small collection of adult DVDs and CDs. If a materials security system is

installed in the future, it may be possible to provide many more items in these two categories. The audio

disc collections housed at the library and the future shelving requirements have already been factored into

the overall adult collections space needs count. This collection could be housed in a media-type

cantilevered display unit. These are available in various sizes and configurations from library furniture

vendors or other suppliers of such display shelving. A unit such as the one shown below can hold about

700 videos using both sides of the display. The 9’ x17’ area is required for the user circulation space around

the unit.


Allocation

CD and DVD Collections

9 x 17

153

SUBTOTAL 153

FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARY BOOK SALE AREA

The Friends of the Library is a support organization that donates all its funds to the library. One of its

biggest fundraising activities is the sale of discarded library books and book donations received from the

public. A small alcove or shelving area will be made available for the Friends to shelve their books that

are for sale. This space could be defined by shelving sections rather than as a separate space. Further

discussion is needed with staff and Friends to define the exact needs for this service. The storage area does

not need to be in the same area as the book sale area. Wall shelving space should be provided near the

circulation desk to give the Friends a place to display their items. Wall Shelving - 4 sections - 12" wide -

84" tall.


50


Allocation

Friends of the Library Book

Sale Shelving

12' x 4'

48

SUBTOTAL 48

ADULT SERVICES AREA

The adult area includes all of the adult book, media, and magazine collections, adult service desk, seating,

public computer stations, group study rooms, and all other spaces devoted to adult public service.


Allocation

Adult Services Desk 12 x 10 120

Collection Space 3,657

Seating – Tables and Chairs See below for details 1,054

Fireplace and fireplace seating Half-circle 13’ radius 265

Adult Computer Stations 30 x 12 360

Meeting Rooms Vary – see below 841

SUBTOTAL 6,297

Adult Services Desk – Provide a modular unit that includes room for two staff members. Include space

behind the desk for a counter height three-section unit of shelving. The illustration below shows a suggested

space illustration.

Collection Space – The adult collections include a number of important changes. There is a 40% growth

factor from the current collection count to provide growth for many years to come. The shelving counts

also include shelves that are planned at just 75% full. (Almost all of the current stacks in the deAngeli

facility are now at full capacity.) The new facility book stack aisle widths are planned with 3.5 ft. (42")

between stacks. This is a much better width (currently they are 36") for patrons navigating between the

stack rows and especially important for persons with disabilities. Also, the plan calls for no more than four

linear stack sections before a break of 44" to allow patrons to move easily between stack rows. This

arrangement provides a much more open look for housing the collections and makes it faster and easier to

find materials. And this arrangement will give the library a much more open look and feel.


51

Seating – Six (4-seat) tables to seat up to 24 (50’ x 10’ – 500 sq. ft.); 8 single seat carrels (38’ x 7’ – 266

sq. ft.); one casual seating area with 4 larger lounge chairs and one 4-seat table (8 seats) (24’ x 12’ – 288

sq. ft.) - (40 seats total). Computer stations provide more seating.

Fireplace and fireplace seating – This will be a separate area (perhaps alcove) with a fireplace that includes

casual seating; 6 easy chairs. Place the magazine collection as close to this area as possible. An illustration

of this space has been provided by the Consultant on page 31of this report.

Adult Computer Stations – There will be 12 computer stations set up in rows of six - back to back. Each

carrel is 3 ft. wide and 2.5 ft. deep. (See illustration on page 31).

Meeting Rooms – Meeting rooms will provide an important function for library users. The Large Meeting

Room has already been described above in the Entry Area descriptions. These additional rooms are

designed for small meetings, group study, tutoring spaces, etc. One of the most frequently asked questions

of staff in the deAngeli building is from library users wanting to study with a group or to conduct testing

or tutoring sessions. These rooms will be well-used. In order to accommodate the different uses, it is

important to provide different sized rooms as described below. (See page 31 for illustrations.)

Board Room – (15’ x 23’ – 345 sq. ft.) This space is intended for use by the Library Staff and Board

for a variety of meetings. But it will also be made available to the general public when not

scheduled by the library for its functions.

Tutoring Rooms – (8’x8’ x 4 – 256 sq. ft.) These are the smallest meeting rooms usually intended

to be used by two people. Provide space for four of these rooms.

Small Meeting Rooms – (10’ x 12’ x 2 – 240 sq. ft.) Provide space for two of these rooms.

CHILDREN’S AREA

The Children’s Area needs to be a special place that attracts children and their parents. Care needs to be

taken in designing this important service area. It should be separated from other areas of the library yet

still designed to be visible from other locations (perhaps windows). Sound control is important in this busy

area. The children’s staff and Library Director (perhaps with some advice from children and parents) will

be involved in working with the designer to develop a space that will be attractive to children – a place they

will want to come back to and enjoy. Included in this space will be all of the materials that make up the

children’s collection. There will be tables and chairs and casual seating (rockers, oversize chairs) available,

inviting kids and their parents to relax and look at books. An Easy Reader Alcove with room to sit on the

floor and look at books and a storytelling/activity room will be included in this area. Perhaps the storytelling

room can also be used for families to relax and enjoy reading when the room is not being used for other

purposes.

The consultant has provided a drawing on page 28 of this report to illustrate the recommended size of this

space and to show one possible concept of how it could be arranged. That drawing was inspired by

conversations with the Children’s staff who need to be directly involved in how the space can best be

designed for future use.


52


Allocation

Children’s Services Desk

10 x 10

100

Family Rest Rooms (2) 7.5 x 10 75

Office 10 x 15 150

Activity and Storytelling Room 18 x 25 450

Easy Reader Space 17 x 16 272

General Bookstacks 1,550

Seating 1,350

Computers 16 x 10 160

Workroom and Storage 15 x 15 225

SUBTOTAL

4,332

Children’s Services Desk – The Children’s Services desk will be at standard desk height with shelving near

the desk to house the juvenile reference collection. The desk will seat two staff members and include a

computer and keyboard on the desk for each. It will be placed near the entry to the Children’s Area and be

situated so that the entire area can be observed from the desk.

Family Rest Rooms (2) – Each will have a sink, toilet, and baby changing station.

Office – The office will include modular furniture that provides counter work space and as much cabinet

storage as possible.

Activity and Storytelling Room – A storytelling room will be provided. This space should be designed so

that it can be open for use when not used for storytelling and other activities. This means that sinks, cabinets

and all things used for storage should be lockable. The space could include chairs for adults and children,

cushions and a comfortable floor to sit on while looking through books. Any furniture used in the room

should be easy to move when setting up the room for storytelling. Tables and children’s chairs will be

needed for this space. Lighting controls that allow for dimming and zone control will be needed. Windows

should be designed with room-darkening shades for good light control for all types of programming.

Provide white boards, tack boards, projection screen and floor and wall electrical and data for maximum

flexibility in the use of this space. Provide an alcove for stroller parking and hanging coats (preferably

outside the room). Careful consultation with staff is necessary in the specifics of designing this space.

Easy Reader Space – This special part of the room will have 42" tall counter height shelving with a large

area for sitting on the floor. Consider oversize upholstered chairs for lap reading and rocking chairs. The

Easy Reader shelves will be accessible to small children who will be able to reach them. Current Easy

Reader shelving in the deAngeli Children's area is difficult to use with many books out of reach.

General Bookstacks – The book stacks will be 66” tall. There should be 44” provided between stack rows.

(See the Consultant drawing elsewhere in this report.)

Seating – Provide four tables (16 seats); 2 carrels (4); original small oak table (5); easy chairs (4) - 29 seats.

There is room for rocking chairs and cushion seating as well. A special small oak table and small chairs

currently in the Children’s Room should be refinished and included in the seating area of the new facility.

The small table with the lovely old small oak chairs is a laminate one.

Computers – Ten public computers will be provided.


53

Workroom and Storage – Provide shelving for storage as specified by staff and work counter spaces.

YOUNG ADULT AREA

Young Adults often get short-changed in space allocation. This is an important service area the Lapeer

District Library wants to address. The Young Adult Area will serve young adults from approximately 13

to 18 years of age. The space should be unique and inviting to this age group with a casual atmosphere. It

should be separate from other areas of the library yet visible from the Circulation and/or Information Desk.

An illustration of this space is provided by the Consultant on page 30 of this report. There is a great

opportunity to involve young adults in the community to help provide ideas for how this space can be used.

Useful recent information can be found in the library literature about how public libraries are attracting teen

users with innovative spaces that draw them in to participate in a number of activities. Space can be used

to include the print and media collections, some booth seating, casual seating, computers, tables and chairs

and consider developing some new and innovative concepts that attract teen users.


Allocation

Young Adult Area

30 x 30

900

SUBTOTAL 900

MAINTENANCE, HVAC, AND STORAGE AREAS

These spaces provide for mechanical, HVAC, electrical, fire and smoke detection controls, etc. See space

descriptions for each area below.


Allocation

Maintenance Garage 25 x 36 900

Mechanical HVAC Room 22 x 34 748

Friends Storage Room 15 x 20 300

General Storage Room 20 x 20 400

SUBTOTAL 2,348

Maintenance Garage – A heated and air-conditioned maintenance garage space is needed to park the library

truck, lawn equipment, snow blower, etc. This could possibly be a separate building in very close proximity

to the library facility rather than being a part of the building, or perhaps connecting it with an overhead

archway. This should be about the size of a three car garage with high ceilings to provide extra room for

plenty of storage. A small woodshop and workshop will be set up in this space. It will include storage

space for all maintenance supplies, brooms, mops, ladders, etc. Consult with maintenance staff for details

on ceiling height, shelving width and height, and other possible requirements for this space. Also include

another floor set mop sink in this area as described in maintenance closet above. If it makes more sense to

add the Friends of the Library storage space to this garage area, this would also work.


54

Mechanical HVAC Room – The design of the building and the types of equipment that will have to be

installed to operate the heating, air handling, air conditioning, electrical, plumbing, fire suppression, smoke

and fire alarms, etc. will dictate the necessary size of this space. The Consultant has included an estimate

of the space here to indicate that such a space will be needed.

Friends of the Library Storage Room – Donations for the Friends book sales are dropped off at the library

and also include books and other materials being weeded from the library's collections. There is a need for

storage and sorting of the items that now can accumulate in the Board room and have to be stored off-site.

This room could be located near the mechanical room or possibly could be located in the Maintenance

Garage if it makes more sense to expand that space outside of the main building perimeter.

General Storage Room – No public library ever has enough storage space to keep paper, office supplies,

old business records, seasonal items, and the miscellany of accumulations that are inevitable in operating a

complex organization. This storage room is probably best located near the Mechanical HVAC Room.

[End of Appendix A]


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APPENDIX B

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY NEW FACILITY SPACE ALLOCATION TABLE

SERVICE AREA DIMENSIO NS SQ. FT.

CHILDREN'S AREA [4,332 s.f.]

Children’s Services Desk 10 x 10 100

Family Rest Rooms (2) 7.5 x 10 75

Office 10 x 15 150

Activity and Storytelling Room 18 x 25 450

Easy Reader Space 17 x 16 272

General Bookstacks 1,550

Seating 1,350

Computers 16 x 10 160

Workroom and Storage 15 x 15 225

YOUNG ADULT AREA [1,000 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Young Adult 30 x 30 900

Young Adult & Fiction Librarian Office 10 x 10 100

ADULT AREA [6,470 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Adult Services Desk 12 x 10 120

Reference & Adult Services Office 10 x 10 100

Collection Space 3,334

Seating – Tables and Chairs 1,054

Public Access Computers (PACs) - 3

3' x 2.5' x 3

plus

circulation

45

Fireplace and fireplace seating Half-circle

13’ radius265

Adult Computer Stations 30 x 12 360

Business Incubator Space 10 x 15 150

Meeting Rooms (7)See Bldg.

Program 841

Friends of the Library Book Sale

Shelving12 x 4 48

CD and DVD Collections 9 x 17 153


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LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY NEW FACILITY

SPACE ALLOCATION TABLE (P. 2)

INFORMATION TECHNOGY AREA [660 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Computer Server Room 10 x 15 150

Information Technology Office 10 x 15 150

Computer Training Room 15 x 24 360

STAFF AREAS [1,979 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Staff and Delivery Entrance Vestibule 10 x 20 200

Staff Break Room 15 x 25 375

Staff Lockers 8 x 14 112

Staff Restrooms (2) 7 x 10 (x2) 140

General Work Area & Files 12 x 26 312

Nine Staff Modular Work Desks 15 x 30 450

Asst. Library Director's Office 10 x 12 120

Finance Manager’s Office 10 x 12 120

Library Director’s Office 10 x 15 150

CIRCULATION DESK AREA [999 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Entranceway (Circulation Area) 12 x 32 384


Patron Copy Center 15 x 8 120

New Materials Display 10 x 12 120

Self-Checkout Stations (3) 2 x 3 (x3) 18


57

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY NEW FACILITY

SPACE ALLOCATION TABLE (P. 3)

MAIN ENTRY HALLWAY AREA [4,127 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Lobby Maintenance Closet 9 x 14 126

Women’s Rest Room 10.5 x 27 284

Men’s Rest Room 10.5 x 27 284

Family Literacy Center 35 x 30 1,050

Large Meeting Room(s) 35 x 40 1,400

Meeting Room Kitchenette 7 x 13 91

Furniture & Media Storage 13 x 14 182

Materials Return Room 10 x 8 80

Entrance Lobby/Hallway 14 x 45 630

MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE [2,348 s.f.] SQ. FT.

Maintenance Garage 25 x 36 900

Mechanical HVAC Room 22 x 34 748

Friends Storage Room 15 x 20 300

General Storage Room 20 x 20 400

TOTAL NET SQ. FT 21,915

UNASSIGNED SPACE Add 25% 5,479

TOTAL BUILDING SIZE SQ. FT. 27,394


58

APPENDIX C

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY NEW FACILITY ARCHITECT’S COST ESTIMATE

Preliminary Cost Opinion for a New Library Building

Dennis B. Jensen, AIA, ALA, MLA - Principal, Design Architect C2AE

648 Monroe Avenue, Suite 210, Grand Rapids, MI 49503

February 2, 2015

New Construction

Building: 27,700 SF x $185.00 = $ 5,125,000

Site Work: 27,700 SF x $ 27.00 = $ 748,000

Subtotal New Construction: $ 5,873,000

($212.02/SF)

Furniture, Furnishings, & Equipment (FFE): 27,700 SF x $27.00 = $ 748,000

Security & Technology (S&T): 27,700 SF x $16.00 = $ 443,000

Subtotal: $ 7,064,000*

($255.00/SF) Soft Costs 10% Contingency: $ 706,000*

5% Owner Costs: $ 353,000

8.0% Professional Design Fees: $ 622,000

Subtotal Soft Costs: $ 1,681,000

Total Project Cost: $ 8,745,000

($316.70/SF)

Add 14,000 SF Basement (includes elevator & stairs): $ 1,040,000

New Collection Allowance (from Capital Campaign?): $ 500,000

Sale of Current Building (?): ($ 500,000 +/-)


59

Notes:

The construction costs are based on good quality materials and systems with higher ceilings, and following LEED Certified level guidelines for higher than minimum building performance standards; 100 car parking lot with drive-up book drop; landscaping; and new FFE/S&T throughout.

The Professional Design Fee includes full basic architectural; interior; structural, mechanical, electrical, civil engineering; and security/technology design services. It also includes attending site plan approval meetings for the project.

To project costs into the future, multiply Total Project Costs by 3% (1.03) per year.

In providing opinions of probable construction cost, the Client understands that the Architect has no control over the cost or availability of labor, equipment or materials, or over market conditions or the Contractor's method of pricing, and that the Architect's opinions of probable construction costs are made on the basis of the Architect's professional judgment and experience. The Architect makes no warranty, express or implied, that the bids or the negotiated cost of the Work will not vary from the Architect's opinion of probable construction cost.


60

APPENDIX D

LAPEER DISTRICT LIBRARY NEW FACILITY BUILDING AND SITE BOND COST ESTIMATES


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