large carnivores in bos - europa
TRANSCRIPT
Land territory - 51 197 km²;
Human population – 3 531 159 (2013)
Territorial entities: • Republic of Srpska – entity,
• Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – entity and
• district of Brčko.
Neighboring countries: • Croatia – North, West, South;
• Serbia – Northeast, East;
• Montenegro – Southeast.
Large carnivores subpopulations in B&H: • Brown bear – Dinaric-Pindos population;
• Gray wolf – Dinaric-Balkan population;
• Eurasian lynx – Dinaric population.
BROWN BEAR (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758):
The mountainous and hill parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;
Area occupied: 22100 km² (43.18% of territory). (Trbojević, 2017)
WOLF (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758):
The mountainous and hill parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;
Area occupied: 23300 km² (45.51% of territory). (Trbojević, 2016; 2017)
LYNX (Lynx lynx Linnaeus. 1758):
The mountainous parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina;
Area occupied: 9900 km² (19.34% of territory). (Trbojevic & Trbojevic, 2018)
Bears, 2012-2017
Lynx, 2012-2017
Wolves, 2012-2017
BROWN BEAR (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758):
1000-1200;
decreased. (Trbojević, 2017)
WOLF (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758):
400-600;
decreased. (Trbojević, 2016; 2017)
LYNX (Lynx lynx Linnaeus. 1758):
80-90;
slightly increased. (Trbojevic & Trbojevic, 2018)
Federation of B&H
Red list of Federation of B&H (Book 3, Red List of Fauna of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013):
• Status: Vulnerable (VU);
IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC)
Law on Hunting (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 4/06, 8/10 i 81/14) and The rule book of the hunting season on close season protected game and a list of species of birds and mammals that are considered useful for agriculture and forestry (Official Gazette of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 5/08):
• Protected By close season (hunting is allowed from 1 October to 31 December and from 1 March to 15 May).
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13)
• Endangered and rare wild species and subspecies are strictly protected species/subspecies and protected species (Chapter 142.).
Republic of Srpska
Red list of Republic of Srpska:
• Status: on the list
IUCN Red list:
• Least Concern (LC)
Law on Hunting of Republic of Srpska (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 60/09)
• Protected by close season (hunting is allowed from 1 October to 15 May).
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 50/02, 34/08 & 59/08):
• Section: Wild animals and plants (Chapter 22.).
Federation of B&H
Red list of Federation of B&H (Book 3, Red List of Fauna of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013):
• Status: Endangered (EN).
IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC).
Law on Hunting (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 4/06, 8/10 i 81/14) and The rule book of the hunting season on close season protected game and a list of species of birds and mammals that are considered useful for agriculture and forestry (Official Gazette of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 5/08):
• Protected By close season(hunting is allowed on males from 1 January to 31 December; on females and young from 1 July to 28 February).
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13)
• Endangered and rare wild species and subspecies are strictly protected species/subspecies and protected species (Chapter 142.).
Republic of Srpska
Red list of Republic of Srpska:
• Status: not on the list.
IUCN Red list:
• Least Concern (LC).
Law on Hunting of Republic of Srpska (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 60/09)
• No protection.
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 50/02, 34/08 & 59/08):
• Section: Wild animals and plants (Chapter 22.).
Federation of B&H
Red list of Federation of B&H (Book 3, Red List of Fauna of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013):
• Status: Vulnerable (VU);
IUCN Red list: • Least Concern (LC)
Law on Hunting (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 4/06, 8/10 i 81/14) and The rule book of the hunting season on close season protected game and a list of species of birds and mammals that are considered useful for agriculture and forestry (Official Gazette of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 5/08):
• Prohibited by a permanent hunting ban.
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13)
• Endangered and rare wild species and subspecies are strictly protected species/subspecies and protected species (Chapter 142.).
Republic of Srpska
Red list of Republic of Srpska:
• Status: on the list.
IUCN Red list:
• Least Concern (LC).
Law on Hunting of Republic of Srpska (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 60/09)
• Prohibited by a permanent hunting ban.
Law on Nature Conservation (“Official Gazette” of the Republic of Srpska, 50/02, 34/08 & 59/08):
• Section: Wild animals and plants (Chapter 22.).
Bern Convention; Annex II & Annex IV, convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats
EU Habitats & Species Directive; Appendix III (Protected fauna species)
CITES; Appendix II, Annex A – not yet implemented!
No national management plan for LC
FB&H:
Federal Ministry of Environment and Tourism + cantonal ministries in 10 cantons as authorities for nature conservation;
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina still doesn’t have agency for nature conservation (regulated by Law on Nature Conservation, “Official Gazette” of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 66/13, chapter 189.);
RS:
Ministry of Agriculture, Water management and Forestry of Republic of Srpska;
Ministry of Spatial Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology of Republic of Srpska;
Republic Institute for Protection of cultural, historical and nature heritage of Republic of Srpska.
Monitoring problems:
• Losses of individuals in the road traffic (missing);
• Losses of diseases (missing);
• Losses of mines (missing);
• Damages (incomplete);
• Poaching - this is a typical taboo;
• Researching without governments financial support...
Available data:
• Statistical data about killing/culling
• Statistical data on number - incorrect – exaggerated
Personal engagement:
• Research work: collecting the samples, informations, personal conections (NGO, hunters, forest workers...)
• Every four-five years to conduct a survey of hunting and forestry organizations in areas of interest.