laryngitis, trachitis and bronchitis equine
TRANSCRIPT
LARYNGITIS, TRACHITIS AND BRONCHITIS
(Upper respiratory tract affection)
غانممحمديمحمد/د.أ
أستاذ األمراض الباطنةورئيس قسم طب الحيوان
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LARYNGITIS, TRACHITIS AND BRONCHITIS
(Upper respiratory tract affection)
Inflammation of upper respiratory tract characterized clinically by coughing and inspiratory dyspnea
Etiology:
1- Equine viral influenza.
2- Equine viral arteritis.
3- Equine herpes virus.
4- Strangles (streptococcus equi)
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Clinical findings
Coughing and inspiratory dyspnea are the two common clinical signs.
1- In the early acute stages, the cough is usually dry non-productive and is easily induced by grasping the larynx and trachea.
2- In the chronic stages, the cough may be less frequent distressing and usually dry and harsh.
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Induction of cough (cough test) by grasping larynx
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3-Moist cough and thick mucous, flecks of blood and fibrin may be coughed if the lesions cause much exudation or ulceration of the mucosa.
4- Inspiratory dyspnea varies with the degree of obstruction and is usually accompanied by a loud stridor and harsh breath sounds on each inspiration (these are best heard over the trachea)
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Diagnosis
(I) History
(II) Clinical examination.
(III) Endoscopic examination:
Examination of upper respiratory tract with fiberoptic endoscope
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Scant mucus in trachea of a healthy horse
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mucus or mucopurulent secretions in the trachea of a horse
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Treatment
1- Rest and avoidance of exposure to inclement weather may resolve spontaneously the common viral infection.
2- Secondary bacterial complication must be treated with the appropriate antibacterial agent (antibiotics or sulfonamides)
3- A combination of corticosteroid (Dexamethazone) and antibiotics therapy is of value in chronic cases
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N.B:
- Animals with severe lesions and marked inspiratory dyspnea may require a tracheotomy and insertion of a tracheotomy tube for several days until the lesion heals.
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ANY QUESTION