After the terrible events of September 11, 2001, Congress enacted HSA. Under this statute, the Department of Homeland Security was established so that a single agency would be responsible for coordinating the efforts of designated government agencies to protect our country from terrorist attacks. This action by Congress also created the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) and the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agencies. USCIS replaced the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), and is responsible for adjudicating visa petitions and related immigration matters. CBP is responsible for border control, which includes such things as detention and expedited removal, and deciding who can enter the country.

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