learning software process with upedu slide 9-1 2000 École polytechnique de montréal &...
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Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-1 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - Outline
Defining the Project Manager RoleDefining the Project Manager Role The Project Manager The Project Artifacts and Milestones
Planning ProjectsPlanning Projects
Managing IterationsManaging Iterations
Managing RisksManaging Risks
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-2 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Plans and ControlsPlans and ControlsPlans and ControlsPlans and Controls
Start1/97
LCO3/97
Build
#1
Build
#2
5/97
LCS5/97
IOC12/97
2/984/97
Planning
Completed(% of total)
100
75
50
25
InceptionElaboration
Construction Transition
Controlling
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-3 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Managing ExpectationsManaging Expectations
Why manage expectations?Why manage expectations?1. People are not perfect.
2. People are not logical.
3. People perceive things differently.
4. Software engineers are people too.
5. Things happen.
Gause & Weinberg, 1989
A new car!
A new car!
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-4 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project Management DisciplineProject Management DisciplineProject Management DisciplineProject Management Discipline
SoftwareDevelopment
Plan
MeasurementPlan
Project PlanningReviewReviewer
WorkOrder
Project Manager
DevelopMeasurement
Plan
Plan Phasesand Iterations
Risk List
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-5 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Software Development PlanSoftware Development PlanSoftware Development PlanSoftware Development Plan
Project Manager Software
Development Plan
Measurement Measurement PlanPlan
ProjectProjectPlanPlanRisk ListRisk List
UPEDU GUIDELINE: Project PlanUPEDU GUIDELINE: Risk list
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-6 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Major MilestonesMajor MilestonesMajor MilestonesMajor Milestones
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
Commit resources for the elaboration phase
Lifecycle Objective Milestone
Commit resources for construction
Lifecycle Architecture
Milestone
Product sufficiently mature for customers
Initial Operational Capability Milestone
Customer acceptanceor end of life
Product Release
time
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-7 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - Outline
Defining the Project Manager RoleDefining the Project Manager Role
Planning ProjectsPlanning Projects
Project Organization The Planning strategies The Project Plan Artifact
Managing IterationsManaging Iterations
Managing RisksManaging Risks
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-8 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Influenced by Many FactorsInfluenced by Many FactorsInfluenced by Many FactorsInfluenced by Many Factors
The Size of the Software Development EffortThe Size of the Software Development Effort Formality, Standards, Process Rigidity.
The Degree of NoveltyThe Degree of Novelty First of its Kind, Evolution Cycle, Maintenance
Type of ApplicationType of Application Mission-critical, Performance,Memory constraints,
The Current Development ProcessThe Current Development Process Process Maturity, Experience of the Developers and Managers
Organizational FactorsOrganizational Factors Team attitudes toward changes, Team enthusiasm toward the project
Technical and Managerial ComplexityTechnical and Managerial Complexity Size of the team vs size of the project
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-9 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Top-down and Bottom-up Planning Top-down and Bottom-up Planning
Current
Iteration Plan
Phases and major milestones What and when
Project Plan
Iterations for each phase Number of iterations Objectives DurationStaffing profile
Fine-Grained PlansIntra iteration
Coarse-Grained PlanInter iteration
Next
TasksAllocation to individuals/teamsMajor builds
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-10 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project PlanProject PlanProject PlanProject Plan
Project Plan
Iteration Plan
4/02
Start1/02
LCO3/02
5/02
LCA7/02
IOC12/02
2/034/02
IT1 IT2
ArchitectureReview
ProjectPlanning
ß1 ß2ProductRelease
IT3 IT4 IT5
DesignReview
Build#1
Build#2
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-11 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Work Structure, Schedule, & BudgetWork Structure, Schedule, & BudgetWork Structure, Schedule, & BudgetWork Structure, Schedule, & Budget
Resource
Paul
Mary
Joe
Sylvia
Stefan
Role
Designer
Use-Case Specifier
System Analyst
Implementer
Architect
Activities
Define Operations
Detail a Use Case
Find Actors and Use Cases
Perform Unit Tests
Identify Design Mechanisms
$$$
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-12 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - Outline
Defining the Project Manager RoleDefining the Project Manager RolePlanning ProjectsPlanning Projects
Managing IterationsManaging Iterations
The Definition of an Iteration Scope on an Iteration Iteration assessment
Managing RisksManaging Risks
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-13 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project ManagementProject Management
Engineering Workflow
Implementation
Test
Analysis & Design
Process Disciplines
Supporting Workflows
Config. & Change Mgmt
Requirements
Elaboration TransitionInception Construction
Iterations
An iterationAn iterationAn iterationAn iteration
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-14 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Scope of an Iteration depends on FactorsScope of an Iteration depends on FactorsScope of an Iteration depends on FactorsScope of an Iteration depends on Factors
How many iterations should be included in the project plan?How many iterations should be included in the project plan?
How long should each iteration take?How long should each iteration take? Depends on a number of factors:
• Size of the system being built: The larger the system, the longer the duration.
• Number of people: The larger the number of people, the longer the duration.
Low 3 0 1 1 1
Typical 6 1 2 2 1
High 9 1 3 3 2
Total I E C T
UPEDU Concept: ITERATION
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-15 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Progress
Stability
Modularity
Quality
Maturity
Expenditures
Based on MetricsBased on Metrics
Size and complexity
Rate of change in the project’s complexity or size
Scope of change
Number of errors
Frequency of errors
Project expenditures against plan
Metric Meaning
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-16 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Project Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - OutlineProject Management - Outline
Defining the Project Manager RoleDefining the Project Manager Role
Planning ProjectsPlanning Projects
Managing IterationsManaging Iterations
Managing RisksManaging Risks
Risk Definition Risk Strategies Risk Assessments
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-17 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Concepts Associated with Defining RiskConcepts Associated with Defining RiskConcepts Associated with Defining RiskConcepts Associated with Defining Risk
Risk: Risk: Information missing on a given subjectInformation missing on a given subject
Indirect risk:Indirect risk: Project has little or no controlProject has little or no control
Direct riskDirect risk Project has a large degree of controlProject has a large degree of control
Risk attributes:Risk attributes: Probability of occurrenceProbability of occurrence
Risk magnitude indicator:Risk magnitude indicator: High, Significant, Moderate, Minor, LowHigh, Significant, Moderate, Minor, Low
UPEDU Concept: RISK
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-18 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Risk StrategiesRisk Strategies Risk StrategiesRisk Strategies Risk acceptanceRisk acceptance
live with itlive with it
Risk avoidanceRisk avoidancereorganize to eliminate the riskreorganize to eliminate the risk
Risk mitigationRisk mitigation reduce the probability or impactreduce the probability or impact
Risk contingencyRisk contingency plan “Plan B”plan “Plan B”
Risk transferRisk transfer sub-contract the risksub-contract the risk
Learning software process with UPEDU Slide 9-19 2000 École Polytechnique de Montréal & Rational Software
Measurements and MetricsMeasurements and Metrics
5% 20% 65% 10%
ResourceEffort
Time
Inception Elaboration Construction Transition
0
20
40
60
80
1 2 3 4Iteration
# s
cen
ario
s
A B C D E FR é a lisé
E stimé
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Estimated vs real time