leca international seminar
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LECA INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR. AN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION IN EUROPE HARSTAD 27 th June, 2002 by John Goodall Director Environmental Affairs - FIEC. Introduction (1). What is FIEC ? FIEC is the European Construction Industry Federation - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
LECA INTERNATIONAL SEMINARLECA INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR
AN AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION IN EUROPE
HARSTAD27th June, 2002
byJohn Goodall
Director Environmental Affairs - FIEC
Introduction (1)Introduction (1)
What is FIEC ?FIEC is the European Construction Industry Federation
-- 32 national member federations in 25 countries
-- Representing firms of all sizes
-- Practising all kinds of construction activity
-- « Sectoral Social Partner » in the European Social Dialogue
-- Associate member in CEN- Participant in the European Construction Forum
Introduction (2)Introduction (2)
The sector in EuropeTotal construction 2001 (EU 15): 868 billion EURO
-- 10% of GDP; 48,9% of Gross fixed capital formation
- 1,9 million enterprises
-- 11 million operatives
-- Europe’s largest industrial employer
-- 26 million workers depend, directly or indirectly, on the sector
-- Multiplier effect (1=2)
Introduction (3)Introduction (3)
The sector in the world- $US 3000 billion- 30% Europe- 22% US- 21% Japan- 4% rest of developed world- 23% developing countries
Introduction (4)Introduction (4)
The sector in the World (1998 ILO figures)111 million employeesOutput per person employed:- $US 79.623 in the developed world- $US 8.507 in developing countries- developing countries share of output has
increased from about 10% in 1965 to about 23% in 1998
Background to sustainable developmentBackground to sustainable development
« Limits to Growth » - Club of Rome (1972)
« Our common future » - Brundtland Report (1987)
« Agenda 21 » - Rio de Janeiro (1992)
« Habitat Agenda » (1996)
WSSD « RIO + 10 » Johannesburg (2002)
The 3 pillars of sustainable The 3 pillars of sustainable developmentdevelopment
Economic
Social
Environmental (ecological)
United Nations Environment United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)Programme (UNEP)
– Interface
- « civil society »
- Industry
- Public administrations– Agenda 21Rio + 10 (Johannesbourg 2002)– Declaration for Cleaner Production– Global Compact (Davos 1999)– Global reporting initiative (1997)
The European ApproachThe European Approach
Summit Meetings:
Amsterdam (1997) Cardiff (1998)
Helsinki (1999) Gothenburg (2001)
Amsterdam Treaty (new Article 6)Amsterdam Treaty (new Article 6)
Sustainable development of economic activities
Promote economic and social progress « integration » of environmental protection
requirements Environmental impact assesment studies High level of health and consumer
protection.
INTEGRATED PRODUCT POLICYINTEGRATED PRODUCT POLICY
Definition:
« an environmental policy designed to constantly improve the environmental characteristics of products and services throughout the life cycle »
Lower consumption of resourcesGradual lowering of harmful substancesAppropriate mix of voluntary or binding
agreementsIncentives to promote product management,
eco-efficiency, eco-designLife cycle, chain effects + cooperation with
suppliers
INTEGRATED PRODUCT POLICYINTEGRATED PRODUCT POLICY
CompetitivenessCompetitiveness
1997 - Commission Communication [COM (97) 539 final] and Action Plan
1998 - Council Conclusions1999 – Tripartite meeting (joint priorities)WG « Sustainable Construction » set up
Sustainability impacts of Sustainability impacts of construction:construction:
+/- 50% of all material taken from the earths’crust.
+/- 35% of all greenhouse gas emissions+/- 40% of all waste produced (by weight but
mostly recycled)
+ the well-being of the Europe’s largest industrial workforce!
WG « Sustainable WG « Sustainable Construction »Construction »
4 Task Groups4 Task Groups
TG1 - Environmentally friendly construction
materiels
TG2 - Energy efficiency in building
TG3 - Construction and demolition waste
management
TG4 - Whole-life costs of construction
CompetitivenessCompetitivenessWG recommendations (1)WG recommendations (1)
Whole life costs of construction
Sustainable procurement
Sustainability performance indicators
WG Recommendations (2)WG Recommendations (2)
National plans and European programmes (guidelines)
Development of software tools
Education and awareness raising
R+D actions and initiatives
National Plans & Programmes National Plans & Programmes published to date:published to date:
FinlandGermanyIrelandLuxembourgNetherlandsSwedenUnited Kingdom
TG 1 Environmentally Friendly TG 1 Environmentally Friendly Construction Materials Construction Materials Recommendations (1)Recommendations (1)
Adopt a life-cycle approach to improving environmental performance
Life-cycle inventory based environmental data schemes (LEDCM) should become general practice
CEN harmonisation of national LEDCM schemes
TG 1 Environmentally Friendly TG 1 Environmentally Friendly Construction Materials Construction Materials Recommendations (2)Recommendations (2)
LEDCM will assist architects and specifiers in taking environmental impacts into account when designing construction works
Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and not ECO-labels are appropriate for construction products
Promote adoption of environmental audit schemes (ISO 14001 and EMAS)
TG 2 New European Directive (226) TG 2 New European Directive (226)
Energy Performance of BuildingsEnergy Performance of BuildingsRequirements as regards:- common methodology: « CO2 emission
indicator »- minimum standards: new as well as large
existing buildings > 1000 m2 subject to renovation
TG 2 New European Directive (226) TG 2 New European Directive (226)
Energy Performance of BuildingsEnergy Performance of Buildings– energy certificate (<5 years old) of all buildings
sold or rented out to be provided to any prospective buyer or tenant
– and to be displayed in all buildings open to the public
– regular inspections of boilers (>10 kW) and a/c systems (>12 kW)
TG 3 Construction and Demolition TG 3 Construction and Demolition
Waste Management RecommendationsWaste Management Recommendations Waste prevention oriented planning and
designRecovery oriented constructionDevelop codes of practiceGive preference to recyclable primary
materials and productsAgree and adopt acceptable KPIs to
benchmark performance
SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS SPECIFIC CONSIDERATIONS AS CONCERNS AS CONCERNS
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND PRODUCTSAND PRODUCTS
Principle Construction Materials – 1995Principle Construction Materials – 1995
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
CrushedRock
Sand &Gravel
Cement ConcreteBlocks
RMC Plaster &board
Bricks Wood Other
Mill
ion
s o
f to
nn
es
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
£ m
illio
ns
Mass
Value
Components of life cycle energy use, Components of life cycle energy use, annualised over a 60 year building life (per annualised over a 60 year building life (per
mm22 of floor area). of floor area).
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
Initial embodied R & M embodied In-use energy Commute travel Business travel
En
erg
y (G
J/m
²/y)
ove
r 60
ye
ars
)
London
Manchester
Components of life cycle carbon dioxide production Components of life cycle carbon dioxide production as a by-product of energy use. Annualised over a 60 as a by-product of energy use. Annualised over a 60
year building life (per myear building life (per m22 of floor area). of floor area).
0
50
100
150
200
Initialembodied
R & Membodied
In-use Commutetravel
Businesstravel
kg
CO
2/m
2/y
ov
er
60
ye
ars
)
London
Manchester
Environmental Information on Environmental Information on Construction Products (EICP)Construction Products (EICP)
EICP is a voluntary, industry based initiative for providing transparent, accurate and reliable information on construction products
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
EICP provides transparent, accurate EICP provides transparent, accurate and reliable information for:and reliable information for:
the optimal eco-design of new products
the improvement of existing products
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
AND
EICP provides transparent, accurate EICP provides transparent, accurate and reliable information for:and reliable information for:
- assisting architects, specifiers, contractors, purchasers in their choice of products (for a specific application) and in the eco-efficient and safe design, use and maintenance of construction works
- assisting contractors and recycling companies in the environmentally friendly recovery (or safe disposal) of waste materials from end-of-life construction works
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
EICPEICPA level playing field for suppliersA level playing field for suppliers
Most national schemes are based on ISO TR 14025, Type III Environmental Declarations – Guiding Principles and Procedures
Within a single (national) scheme there is a recognised, uniform methodology and presentation format for all construction products
Avoidance of « eco-marketing » wars
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
EICP vs Eco-labelsEICP vs Eco-labels Eco-labels Type 1 (ISO 14024) Pass/fail award scheme (with
cut-off points set on what basis?)
Suitable for end-consumer requiring quick non-detailed information
Suitable for “end-use” products
Environ. Declarations Type III (ISO TR 14025) Available for all products No comparison or weighting
against other products
Detailed information available for B2B purchasers/
specifiers
Suitable for materials/products components/to be incorporated into end-use product (e.g. a building)
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
EICP vs « preference listsEICP vs « preference lists » »
Increasing incidence of so-called « environmental experts » creating lists of recommended « green » products for use by public authorities
Industry generated EICP based on accepted LC methodology constitutes a far better alternative
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
« « Greening » of public Greening » of public procurementprocurement
EC Communication on Public Procurement and the Environment
- eco-labels/EMAS not mandatory but may be used as proof of compliance with certain environmental requirements
Further legislation to make eco-labelling and EMAS as sole proof of compliance?
With EICP eco-labelling is not necessary
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
What directions should EICP take What directions should EICP take now?now?
Standardisation of methodology (cf. AFNOR and ISO/TC59)
Harmonisation of national and European EICP schemes
Acceptance by both private and public procurement purchasers that EICP is more suited to their needs than eco-labelling
Expert Workshop on LCA for Construction Products, 20 June 2002 CEPMC
New Study: LCA tools and New Study: LCA tools and environmental aspects in harmonised environmental aspects in harmonised
standards in constructionstandards in construction« provide technical specification writers with specific information how and where to include environmental performance indicators and other key environmental aspects (e.g. release of dangerous substances) within the framework of European Technical Specifications for construction products of the CPD based on an IPP approach »
New study (cont’d)New study (cont’d)
Task 1: Short description of existing schemes
Task 2: Comparison of existing schemesTask 3: Proposal for a scheme to provide
environmental information
WebsitesWebsites
www.uneptie.orgwww.unglobalcompact.orgwww.globalreporting.orgeuropa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/
construction/compet/compcon.htm
WWW. FIEC.ORGWWW. FIEC.ORG