lecture-01 java swing and event driven programming

8/14/2019 Lecture-01 Java Swing and Event Driven Programming

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JAVA SWING VLP TRNH HNG S KIN

tng v thnh phn

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Ni dung

tng lp trnh hng s kin Thnh phn java swing v cu trc Qun l layout Nm bt cc s kin xy ra trong thnh phn Mu MVC (Model View Controller) Quan h observer/observable

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Giao din chng trnh

Hng thut tonChng trnh ang c kch hotChng trnh xc nh chnh xc nhng thng tin

g n cn t mi trng, v khi no th s dngthng tin

Giao din dng text c gi l hng thutton (algorithm driven)

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Giao din chng trnh

Hng s kinChng trnh ang trong trng thi b ngChng trnh ch i khi xy ra mt s kin

trong mi trngKhi s kin xy n, chng trnh kch hot s

kin , v i n s kin tip theo

Chng trnh vi ch ha, giao dinngi s dng lun lun l hng s kin(event driven)

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Chng trnh hng s kin

H thng giao din, qun l s hin th v xcnh s kin

Chng trnh Java tng tc vi h thng

giao din thng qua cc thnh phn AWT Chng trnh giao tip vi h thng giao din

thng qua s hin th

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Gii thiu Swing thnh phn

Thnh phn c bn: Hin th thng tin ti hoc ly thng tin t ngi dng

V d nh: JButton, JLabel, JTextField, JTextArea, pane,JComboBox

Containers: Lu tr v v tr cc thnh phn

V d: JFrame, JPanel

Container mc cao: Cha tt c cc thnh phn trc quan ca GUI Cung cp mn hnh s dng ca chng trnh

Container trung gian: S dng t chc v v tr ca cc thnh phn GUI

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V d cy containers7


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JComponent

Lp con ca java.awt.Component Tnh cht thnh phn

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Thnh phn c bn

JCheckBox nh du ca mt nt hin th trng thi vi ngi sdng

JRadioButton nh du s hin th trng thi ca n ti ngi sdng

JComboBox danh sch th xung vi trng text c th thay i. JList cho php ngi s dng la chn 1 hoc nhiu khon trong

list

JMenu Menu th th hin danh sch la chn cho ngi s dng

JSlider cho php ngi s dng la chn gi tr qua nt bm JTextField vng nhp vo dng n

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Thnh phn c bn

JLabel cha xu text, hnh nh hoc c hai

JProgressBar qu trnh giao tip ca mt s vic

JToolTip miu t mc ch ca thnh phn

JTree th hin s k tha d liu theo nguyn tcchun

JTable thnh phn ngi s dng sa i v th hind liu trn mt bng 2 chiu

JTextArea, JTextPane, JEditorPane xc nh vnghin th, sa i text trn nhiu dng

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V d v swing

JTree

JTable

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Container

Thnh phn m cha cc thnh phn khc vchnh n gi l container

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V d v t chc thnh phn

on m sau s to JPanel v thm 2 nt vinhn l on v off

JPanel p = new JPanel();

p.add(new JButton(on));p.add(new JButton(off));

Khi m panel trn c s dng, s th hin 2

nt trong on m trn

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Mt s lp swing15

Component

Container

Windows

Frame

JComponent

JFrame

RootPaneContainer

AbstractButton

JComboBox

JLabelJPanel

JRootPane

JScrollPaneJSlider

javax.swing.textJTextComponent

JTextField

JTextArea

JButton

JToggleButton

JCheckBox

JRadioButton


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Container mc cao

Khng cha bt c container no Cung cp khung hnh ni m cc thnh phn

khc c th th hin chnh n JApplet, JDialog, JFrame, JWindows

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JFrame

L ca s giao din, vi tn, khung, menu bar,v mt s thnh phn ring ca ngi dng

C th thay i v tr, di chuyn Khng cha cc lp con ca JComponent Qun l cc thnh phn ring ca ngi dng

ti ni dung lu gi Khi JFrame c t l nhn c, mt s

kin c khi to

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V d JFrame

Thm thnh phn votrong JFrame

JFrame f = new JFrame(A Frame);

JButton b = new JButton(Press);Container cp = f.getContentPane();

cp.add();

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Thnh phn ca JFrame19

JFrame Container

Component

Content Pane

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Thnh phn chnh v ph

Cc thnh phn chnh JApplet, JDialog, JFrame, JWindowc to bi cc thnh phn GUI ca h thng

giao din trc thuc mi trngCch nhn v cm nhn ph thuc vo thnh

phn giao din

Cc thnh phn phNhng thnh phn cn li ca swing

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Chng trnh n gin

import javax.swing.*;

public class DisplayFrame {

public static void main (String[] args) {

JFrame f = new JFrame("A Frame");// components

f.setSize(300,200);

f.setVisible(true);

}}

(Chng trnh trn ko ngng li c, v sao?)

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Lp trnh lin tip v song song

Lung l cu trc lin tip c thc thi bi bnh

Lp trnh lin tip chng trnh tn ti bi

lung n, c thc thi lin tc bi cc hnhng trong phng thc chnh

Lp trnh song song chng trnh c th

cha mt s lung, mi lung c th thc thimt cch c lp nhau trong mt chui cchnh ng

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Lp trnh lin tip v song song

S kin tr v bi lung thc thi tt c mm tham gia vo trong qu trnh th hin ccthnh phn v bt s kin

Sau khi JFrame c hin th, lung chnh skhng thi hnh cc hnh ng ph thuc votrng thi giao din ngi s dng

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Lung chnh

S kin tr v bi lung

JFrame


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Qun l layout (LayoutManager)

m nhim v v tr v ln ca cc thnhphn giao din c a vo

Mi container lin kt vi LayoutManager Ci t v truy cp containers ca

LayoutManagerpublic LayoutManager getLayout();

public void setLayout (LayoutManager manager); LayoutManager phi s dng kim chng ti

cc trng thi ng thng qua validate()

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Cc lp LayoutManager

FlowLayout sp xp cc thnh phn t trisang phi, t trn xung di

BorderLayout sp xp ti 5 thnh phn gm:

4 hng (ng, ty, nam, bc) v trung tm GridLayout sp xp cc thnh phn 2 chiu CardLayout th hin mt thnh phn ti mt

thi im t cc bng thnh phn c sn

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Cc lp LayoutManager

GridBagLayout sp xp cc thnh phn theochiu thng ng v ngang tun theo cc rngbuc

BoxLayout sp xp cc thnh phn ca mttrong cc hng ngang, hoc cc ct dc

OverlayLayout thnh phn c sp xp ln

trn cc thnh phn khc

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S kin v thnh phn

S kin l cc i tng S kin: cc lp con ca lp tru tng

java.awt.AWTEvent Thnh phn l tng hp cc s kin Mi s kin cho bit ngun s kin v cc

thng tin lin quan ti s kin

Hm ly ngun s kinpublic Object getSource();

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Listener hoc bt s kin

Listener khi mt i tng c ch v khi s kinxy ra trong thnh phn

i tng listener lin kt vi thnh phn ch ncc s kin xy ra

Listener phi thc thi cc s kin listener

Lp trnh bt s kin ti thi im thc thi ca kiu skin

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ListenerInterface

Listener

EvenSource(component)notified

registered


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V d chng trnh GUI

Chng trnh th hin cc nt. Khi n nt,hnh cnh v nn c trao i cho nhau

Thit k: m rng lp JFrame vi

OnOffSwitch, v xy dng constructor chacc nt n.

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M v d thc thi

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

class OnOffSwitch extends JFrame {

public OnOffSwitch () {

super("On/Off Switch"); // frame title

JButton button = new JButton("On/Off");

button.setForeground(Color.black);

button.setBackground(Color.white);

this.getContentPane().add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);

}

} // end of OnOffSwitch

public class OnOffTest {

public static void main (String[] args) {

OnOffSwitch frame = new OnOffSwitch();

frame.setSize(300,200);

frame.setVisible(true);

}

}

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Chng trnh cha hon thin

Khi n nt khng c g xy ra Khi nt c n sinh ra ActionEvent

Xc nh lp Switcher thc thi ActionListener

Lin kt Switcher vi JButton

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nh ngha Switcher

class Switcher implements ActionListener {

public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent e) {

Component source = (Component)e.getSource();

Color oldForeground = source.getForeground();

source.setForeground(source.getBackground());

source.setBackground(oldForeground);

}

}

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B sung Listener

public OnOffSwitch () {

super("On/Off Switch"); // frame title

// create button and set its colors

JButton button = new JButton("On/Off");

button.setForeground(Color.black);button.setBackground(Color.white);

// create and register buttons listener:

button.addActionListener(new Switcher());

// add button to JFrames content pane:

this.getContentPane().add(

button, BorderLayout.CENTER);

}

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ng chng trnh JFrame

Kt thc chng trnh cn lp trnh listenerca ca s ng cc ca s

Qu trnh ng thng qua giao din

WindowListener:void windowClosed (WindowEvent e)void windowClosing (WindowEvent e)

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Cc lp Adapter: WindowAdapter

Java cung cp b s kin tru tng Adapter Lp adapter thc thi giao din listener vi

phng thc rng

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Giao din v Adapter37


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Lp Terminator

//implements window events to close a window

class Terminator extends WindowAdapter {

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

Window w = e.getWindow();

w.dispose();

}

public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {

System.exit(0);

}

}

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Chng trnh GUI c bn

S dng JFrameB sung cc thnh phn trong giao din Lp Terminator cho php ng ca s

Vi mi thnh phn GUI, cc s kin cnhng ti:Xc nh lp thc thi giao din Listener

Lin kt lp listener vi cc thnh phn thngqua cc s kin

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Xy dng GUI

S dng JPanel nh cng c phn tch cc giao dinphc tp K thut chun

Cung cp tnh linh hot

JPanel c th c b sung ti cc cu trc khc

Xy dng chng trnh trong khung JPanel, v b sungni dung JFrame

C th s dng JComponent to khung nhnpublic void setBorder (Border border)

Th vin chun: javax.swing.BorderFactory

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MenuBar v Menu

JFrame lun c thanh menu, cha cc la chn Thanh menu c th c b sung thng qua phng

thc setJMenuBarJFrame window = new JFrame("Some Application");

JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();

window.setJMenuBar(menuBar);

Menu la chn b sung thng qua JMenuItemJMenuItem swing = new JMenuItem("Swing");

JMenuItem take = new JMenuItem("Take");JMenuItem bunt = new JMenuItem("Bunt");

batter.add(swing);

batter.add(take);

batter.add(bunt);

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Dialog

Ca s nhp d liu vo t ngi dng Cc thnh phn chnh JOptionPane, JFileChooser, JColorChooser

Dialog c la chn v hin th, v s chy b bi ngi dng

C 2 loi dialog:

Dialog cch thc (modal) ngi dng nhp titt c cc ca s b kha khi dialog c hin thDialog khng cch iu s dng JDialog

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showInputDialog

String response = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(frame, Message Type);

int value = convertToInt(response);

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showConfirmDialog

int response = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(frame, Take overthe world?, The Brain, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);

if (response == YES_OPTION)

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JFileChooser dialog

JFileChooser directory = new JFileChooser();

directory.setCurrentDirectory(new File(.));

directory.showOpenDialog(this); //open dialog

File file = directory.getSelectedFile();

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ha

Tt c cc thnh phn u cha ha. itng Graphics c phng thc v text, hnhnh, v cc hnh hnh hc

drawLine, drawImage, drawRect, drawString,fillRect

JPanel s dng nh bc v, s dng phngthc paintComponent

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Mu MVC (Model View Controller)

Thnh phn mu (model) i tng mu v gii quyt cc vn Thnh phn khung nhn (view) th hin mu

Thnh phn iu khin (controller) nm cc s kin nhp vo tngi dng

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Viewview1

Controllercontrol1

Viewview2

Controllercontrol2

Model

Viewview3


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V d MVC

Model: tam gic vungCnh huyn v chiu cao c th thay i

View: 3 cch nhn khc nhau vi tam gic Th hin di ca cnh Th hin bng hnhGhi nh s thay i trng thi qua log file

Controller: dnh cho cch nhin th nht, thayi tam gic

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Quan h Observer/Observable

java.util cung cp lp Observable, giao din Observer

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Client

Observer

Observablenotifies

registers

java.util.Observable cung cp mt s phng thc saupublic void addObserver (Observer o);protected void setChanged ();public void notifyObservers ();public void notifyObservers (Object arg);


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Thc thi Observable

public void setBase (int newBase) {

this.base = newBase;

setHypotenuse();

setChanged();

notifyObservers();}

public void setHeight (int newHeight) {

this.height = newHeight;

setHypotenuse();setChanged();

notifyObservers();

}

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View

class TextView extends JPanel implements Observer {

private final static int FIELD_SIZE = 16;

private JTextField base;

private JTextField height;

private JTextField hypotenuse;

public TextView (RightTriangle model) {

super();

base =new JTextField(FIELD_SIZE);

base.setActionCommand("Base");

height =new JTextField(FIELD_SIZE);

height.setActionCommand("Height");

hypotenuse =new JTextField(FIELD_SIZE);

hypotenuse.setEditable(false);

}

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Cu trc Controller53

TextView

TVController

JTextField RightTriangle

observes

modifies

has

listenes to

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Kt lun

GUI cu trc t cc thnh phn, theo phn cpcontainers

Sau khi th hin hnh nh ha, chng trnh s thcthi s kin ny v i cho n s kin tip

S kin listeners l i tng bt cc s kin

JFrame l mc cao nht ca container

Bt s kin v hin th giao din ha trong nhng

lung ring r l lung s kin gi i Mu MVC c s dng trong cu trc GUI hng s

kin

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lecture-01 java swing and event driven programming

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