lecture conception of information systems ss 2004

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©2004, Karl Aberer, EPFL-SSC, Laboratoire de systèmes d'informations répartis Introduction - 1

Lecture Conception of Information Systems

SS 2004

Prof. Karl Aberer, Distributed Information Systems Laboratory (LSIR)

Prof. Alain WegmannSystemic Modelling Laboratory (LAMS)

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3. Organization of Lecture

• Lecture type– SSC: Mandatory lecture, Orientation IS, Semester 8 (or 10)– SIN: Optional lecture

• Lecture Team– Prof. Karl Aberer (Lecture Part 1)– Prof. Alain Wegmann (Lecture Part 2)– Zoran Despotovic (Exercises Part 1 coordinator)– Fabius Klemm, Sarunas Girdzijauskas, Jie Wu, Roman Schmidt (Exercises Part 1)– Gil Regev (Exercises Part 2)

• Time and Place– Tuesday 14-16 Room CO 2 – Wednesday 16-18 IN 3

• Organisation: Lecture with exercises– PART 1 Technology– PART 2 Requirements Analysis

First Exercise in IN 3! (next week)

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Organization of Part 1 - Technology

• Lecture slides will be distributed• Exercise designed to gain practical experience

– Solved by teams of two– Using real systems

• Exercise organization– One exercise every two weeks (5 total)– Solutions submitted electronically (to Zoran & Philippe)– Questions sent to and answered at newsgroup epfl.ic.cours.CIS– Contact hour: Wed 13:00 – 14:00

• Exercise Lesson– Given in room IN 3 (computing equipment available)– Presentation and discussion of solution of previous exercise– Presentation and introduction of new exercise

• Infrastructure– Use of lab facilities (Room IN 3)– UNIX platform– One account per group

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Organization of Part 2 – Requirements Analysis

• Exercises and Lectures:– Exercises and lectures will be mixed– Exercises and lectures given in CO 1 (Tuesday) and

IN 1 (Wednesday)

• Exercises designed to gain practical experience– Solved by teams of two– can be done on paper only (theoretically), but preferably with the systems

• Infrastructure– Same as for part 1

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Lecture Coordinates

• Web site– Found at http://lsirwww.epfl.ch/ (menu item Courses)– http://lsirwww.epfl.ch/courses/cis/2004ss/index.html

• Newsgroup– Newsgroup epfl.ic.cours.CIS

• Contact– Prof. Karl ABERER (Part 1) [email protected] 34679 PSE.A 1.31 – Prof. Alain WEGMANN (Part 2) [email protected] 34381 INN 135 – Zoran DESPOTOVIC (Exercises) [email protected] 35260 PSE.A 1.52 – Gil Regev (Exercises) [email protected] 36790 INN 036

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Exams and Grades

• Written exam: samples will be distributed• Support Materials

– Slides, Exercises, Handwritten Material

• Grades– PART 1 counts 75% and PART 2 counts 25%– Exercises in PART 1 are flexibly rated

• Each exercise submitted will be graded separately• The percentage of contribution to the grade of PART 1 is 10% * Nr of Exercises submitted• The Exercise grade can only improve the total grade

– Exercises in PART 2 are not rated

• Formula

1 1 2

1

1 10.75max( ,(1 ) ) 0.2510 10

number of exercises submittedaverage grade of submitted exercises

grade exam Part 1 (3 questio

part ex part ex exercise part

ex

exercise

part

grade nr grade nr grade grade

nrgradegrade

− + +

===

2

ns)

grade exam Part 2 (1 question)partgrade =

Sample exams on the web site !

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Schedule

09.03.2004 Lecture: Intro, Structured Web Documents 2h 27.04.2004 Lecture: Components/EJB 2h10.03.2003 No Exercise 28.04.2004 No Exercise16.03.2004 Lecture: Structured Web Documents 2h 04.05.2004 Lecture: EJB 2h17.03.2003 Exercise: XML DTD/Schema 2h 05.05.2004 Exercise: JMS and Enterprise Java Beans 2h23.03.2004 Lecture: Web Database Access 2h 11.05.2004 Lecture: Web Services 2h24.03.2003 No Exercise 12.05.2004 No Exercise30.03.2004 Lecture: Database Integration 2h 18.05.2004 Lecture: Web Services 2h31.03.2003 Exercise: JDBC and JSP 2h 19.05.2004 Exercise: Web Services 2h06.04.2004 Lecture: Transactions 2h 25.05.2004 Lecture: Workflow Systems 2h07.04.2003 No Exercise 2h 26.05.2004 No Exercise13.04.2004 Easter Holiday 01.06.2004 Lecture: Intro Part 2 & Req. Analysis 2h14.04.2003 Easter Holiday 02.06.2004 Lecture / Exercise: Req. Analysis 2h20.04.2004 Lecture: Transaction Monitors 2h 08.06.2004 Lecture / Exercise: Req. Analysis 2h21.04.2003 Exercise: Distributed Transactions 2h 09.06.2004 No Exercise

15.06.2004 Lecture / Exercise: Archi.Driven Process 2h16.06.2004 Lecture / Exercise: Archi.Driven Process 2h

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Introduction

• Motivation and Background

• Overview of the Lecture

• Organisation

• References

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1 Motivation and Background : a Look at the Job Market

• Many jobs in information systems• Over and over the same skills required• Why is this so ?

Qualifications: (a well-known Internet company)Education and/or Relevant Experience:BS/BA in CS or related field• 7+ years experience in object-oriented analysis, design, development, and unit testing of scalable, distributed multi-tier applications• 5+ year experience in C++ development, plus one year experience in J2EE, including servlets, JSP, Java Beans, EJB, JMS, RMI, JDBC• 3 years experience in web-based application development, including I18N and L10N best practices• 2 years development experience using relational databases• 1 year experience J2EE, including servlets, JSP, Java Beans, EJB, JMS, RMI, JDBC• Working knowledge of XML/XSL• Excellent verbal and written communication skills• Excellent technical leadership skills

Qualifications/Necessary Skills: (a well-known software vendor)• Seven or more years of experience in managing systems software teams of 30-40 people. • Technical expertise in Java-based systems development. • Detailed knowledge of and extensive experience with Java, J2EE, EJBs, SQL, XML, XSLT, SOAP, .NET and other relevant technologies and standards.• A proven track record of shipping complex products on time as part of an overall product road map. • Experience in managing all phases of the product life cycle, including requirements, design, implementation, testing and delivery. • Experience in working with product and business units in gathering and defining requirements for the development of new product features.

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Information Systems in Companies

• Classical ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems are important– SAP, Oracle, Peoplesoft, Baan

• But: they do not give the competitive edge

Financial

Human resources

Manufacturing

Supply chain andVertical-specific

applications

Internet Commerce

Customermanagement

Bread-and-Butterapplications

CompetetiveAdvantageApplications

Impact onCompetitiveAdvantage

low

low Variation byindustry

high

high

Source: Forrester

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Supply Chain Managment

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Direct Sales

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Personalized Marketing

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B2C is important, but it is dwarfed by B2B (Numbers from 2000)

Business-to-Business

1999$109B $184B

B2C

B2B2003

$1.3 Trillion

2002$843 B

2001$499 B

2000$251 B

Source: IDC

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Numbers from 2002 (NFO business intelligence)

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Business Drivers Technical Issues

• Globalization• Mergers and acquisitions• Supply chain integration• Direct Sales• Personalized marketing• Internet commerce

Europe

1:1 marketing /direct sale

Suppliers Distributor

Supply chainintegration

Customer

Asia

Supply chainintegration

merger &acquisition

globalization

• Legacy integration• Heterogeneity• Scalability• Security• Multi-vendor systems• Web integration

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Integration Requires Complex Technology

GatewayGateway

Html+AppletsHtml+Applets

Server-Objects/CORCs

Server-Objects/CORCs

ORB

EJBsEJBsORB

ObjectsObjectsORB

ORB

IIOP

DomainGatewayDomainGateway

LokalerClientLokalerClient RDBMS

IMSProcedural Services (e.g. TUXEDO)

LegacySystem

Html/XML-ZACHtml/XML-ZAC

Java-AppsJava-Apps

C++-NGUIC++-NGUI

ActiveX/VBActiveX/VB

RMI

CORBA

DCOM

Remote Clients

ORB Types

Protocol Application Data/Legacies

EAI-AdapterEAI-Adapter

LokalerClientLokalerClientLocal

ClientLocalClient

DataIntegrator

Appl.-Integrator

Business-Process-Integrator

OODBMS

EnterpriseEngine

...

SSL for IIOP

128-Bit Encryption

Req

uest

Lev

elIn

terc

epto

rs

Bridge

...Third Party + own

solutions,z.B. Security

ServletsCluste-

ringHTTP

RMI on IIOP

HTTPS

WLSEJB-

Clustering

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Technology Providers and Standardization

• Standards and proprietary standards– Desirable from the integration viewpoint– Battlefield of the vendors

• Key Players– Internet technologies (IETF / W3C)– Multi-tier applications (Microsoft / OMG)– Java Initiative (Oracle / Sun)

• Example: Headlines from www.zdnet.com– Microsoft and Sun: Cut from the same cloth? (2001)

• "… But, is there only one Evil Empire, or are there more? It seems there are at least two, in the eyes of the development community: namely, Microsoft and Sun…."

• http://www.zdnet.com/zdnn/stories/comment/0,5859,2678442,00.html

– It's survival of the fittest (2001)• The adoption of standards such as J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) also means it's easier

for users to swap one vendor for another without having to scrap applications.• http://www.zdnet.com/eweek/stories/general/0,11011,2686346,00.html

– CORBA vs. DCOM battle (1997)• http://www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/talkback/talkback_42478.html

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2. Overview Lecture Part 1: Technology (Karl Aberer, 11 weeks)

• Goals• Understand the concepts

underlying todays information systems

• Understand the problem of information system integration

• Learn of how to apply and use some key technologies in detail

• Be a competent partner when it comes to the development of complex information systems

• Non-goals• Understand the internals of these

systems• Complete market overviews

• Focus• Web-oriented technology• IS for B2B

Organization Technology

Businessstrategy

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Learning About Recent Information Systems Technology

• Is not an easy task– Development at tremendous speed– Distinguishing new concepts from hype and marketing– Abundance of information material– Lack of comprehensive information sources

• Where to get information ?– Books: very few good books

• Appear with delay, often developer oriented (how to …)

– Vendor information• Product specific

– Standard documents• Hard to read

– Scientific publications• Appear with delay, specialized

– Popular journals• Often more business oriented

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Technological Focus

• World Wide Web– W3C standards– Java as programming language– OMG standards

• Selected Approaches– XML-based data management– J2EE platform

• The following "worlds" will, for example, not be touched– Microsoft– SAP– Oracle

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The Big Picture

Processmodels

XMLDistributedtransactions

Data integration Foundations

Databaseintegration

Web databaseaccess

TM & MQs

OTMs

EJB

Workflow management

B2B servers

Informationsystems

Message transformation

Data transformation

Message representation

Canonical model

Deploymentdescriptors

Web data model

Transaction model

Process model

Predecessor of Web app. servers

Process vs. Dataintegration

Applications

Process management

System platform

functions

objects

components

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Lecture Part 2: Business Requirements Analysis (Alain Wegmann, 3 weeks)

• Goals– to understand the

concept and importance of an architecture-driven development process

– to be able to analyze and formulate the requirements for an information system

– to understand the concepts of technology selection & deployment in the context of an enterprise.

Organization Technology

Businessstrategy

Part 1

Part 2

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Architectural Process Overview

(c) Compaq

Inception

• key mechanisms• technology selection• infrastructure

• use cases• key concepts• contracts• interfaces

• physical components• deployment

• logical objects• interactions

3 tier logicalmodel

N tier physicalmodel

Systemarchitecture

Functionality &information

requirements

Environmentalmodel and constraints

Systemfunctionality

Businessproblem

Systemattributes

Build (development cycles) Plan & elaborate

Business & ITenvironments

Vision

Behaviourrequirements

Infrastructure

Why What How With

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4. References

• Key references throughout the lecture (Part 1)– R. Orfali, D. Harkey, J. Edwards:

Client/Server Survival Guide, third edition, John Wiley, New York, 1999.

– JAVA Web site - java.sun.com

– W3C Web site - www.w3c.org

– BEA Web Site - weblogic.beasys.com

• Key references throughout the lecture (Part 2)– will be given in introduction part 2