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• Power of the Federal Gov’t is supreme• Extension of federal powers• Income taxes first used• Citizens drafted into service• Civil liberties suppressed

• Growth of war related industries

• Northern industry grew stronger

• Southern economy is destroyed– Must be rebuilt

• Deaths– 360,000 Union– 260,000 Confederate

• ½ million wounded

• About 20 billion dollars spent– 5 times the amount spent in 80 yrs

• New weapons– Rifles– Mini ball– Trench warfare

• Grenades• Submarine• Iron-clad ships– Monitor– Merrimack

• 13th Amendment– Bans slavery

• Soldiers return to their homes• Urban population grows• Many move west• Many families destroyed by deaths of

soldiers

• Lincoln’s Plan– Forgiving peace to restore the Union

• At Ford’s Theatre just 5 days after the war’s end

• John Wilkes Booth• First assassination of a President

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• Lincoln– Preserve Union– Forgiving peace– “Malice towards none, with charity for all”

• Radical Plan– Harsher plan– Martial law in the South– Majority of southerners must take loyalty oath

• 13th

–Abolishes slavery

• 14th

– If you are born or naturalized in the U.S. then you are a citizen of the U.S. and have equal rights under the law

• 15th

– You cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed.

• Johnson fights with Radicals• Radicals seek to impeach• Tenure of Office Act– provided that all federal officials whose

appointment required Senate confirmation could not be removed without the consent of the Senate.

• Johnson tests the legality of Act• Johnson impeached but acquitted

• Created to help former slaves adjust• Provided education and schooling• Helped former slaves find work• Was never able to really help most former

slaves• Land reform was most basic need of former

slaves

• 1876 election• Samuel Tilden and Rutherford Hayes run for

election but no electoral winner• Southern states threaten succession again• Compromise is made• Hayes win, Northern troops are withdrawn

from south• Reconstruction ends

• Jim Crow laws– were state and local laws in the United States enacted between

1876 and 1965. They mandated de jure segregation in all public facilities, with a "separate but equal" status for black Americans and members of other non-white racial groups.

• Rise of the KKK– Advocated segregation and used terror to keep minorities from

gaining power

• Scalawags– scalawag was a moniker for southern whites who supported

Reconstruction following the Civil War.

• Carpetbaggers– was the term southerners gave to northerners

who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era. Southerners believed these northerners came to the South to steal from them.

• Grandfather Clause– Stated that blacks who had grandfathers who

were slaves could not vote.