LESSON 2“What do they taste like?”

PREVIEW �DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Work with a partner. Ask and answer the following questions. Use FULL SENTENCES in your answers.

1. Where are these people?2. Are they both customers?3. Which one seems to be asking a question?4. What kind of question do you think he may be asking?

5. What do these look like?

Lesson 2 p. 10

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DIALOG"What do they taste like?"

A customer is shopping for fruit.

Customer: Excuse me. Is this an orange?Clerk: No, it isn’t an orange.Customer: What is it?Clerk: It’s a persimmon.Customer: Oh. Is it a fruit?Clerk: Yes. A persimmon is a fruit.Customer: What about those?Clerk: These?Customer: Yes. They look like grapes. Are they?Clerk: No. They’re called gooseberries.Customer: What do they taste like?Clerk: Actually, they kind of taste like muscat grapes.

�COMPREHENSION QUESTIONSAnswer the following questions in FULL SENTENCES.

1. Is the man looking at an orange?2. What is he looking at?3. What fruit looks like grapes?4. What do goosberries taste like?

EXERCISES �SUBSTITUTION DRILL

Use the CUE word (or words) to make new sentences.

BEGIN Is this an orange?

1. that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is that an orange?2. those . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are those oranges?3. apples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are those apples?4. that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is that an apple?5. persimmon . . . . . . . . . . . . Is that a persimmon?6. this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is this a persimmon?7. grapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are these grapes?8. peaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Are these peaches?9. that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is that a peach?10. orange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Is that an orange?

Lesson 2 p. 11

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�SUBSTITUTION DRILLUse the CUE word (or words) to make new sentences.

BEGIN This isn’t an orange.

1. these . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . These aren’t oranges.2. they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They aren’t oranges.3. students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They aren’t students.4. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I’m not a student.5. he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He isn’t a student.6. teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He isn’t a teacher.7. he’s not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He’s not a teacher.8. we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . We’re not teachers.9. they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They’re not teachers.10. aren’t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They aren’t teachers.11. freshmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They aren’t freshmen.12. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I’m not a freshman.

WAYS & WORDSPronouns v. DemonstrativesA pronoun should not be used if the referent has not been mentioned.

Example A » What is it?

» It’s a pen.In Example A, the use of “it” is strange, because we don't know what it refers to.

Example B » I have a question.

» What is it?

» How old are you?In Example B, the word "it" clearly refers to "question," so there is no problem.

The natural solution to the problem in Example A is to use a demonstrative ("this, "that," "these," "those"). This is because demonstratives point to things that are visible (or otherwise identifiable) to speaker and listener.

Example C » What is this?

» It’s a pen.

Example D » Is this an orange?

» No, it isn't an orange.

» What is this?

» It’s a persimmon.In Example D, the speaker is repeating the demonstrative. While this is acceptable, it is perhaps more natural to use the pronoun "it" in this case.

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In other words, pronouns are more sensitive to the verbal context. Demonstratives are more sensitive to the physical / visual context.

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Lesson 2 p. 12

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�ERROR RECOGNITIONDecide if each of the highlighted words below is correct or incorrect. ü

1. >> Look at it.

>> Look at what?

>> It over there!

2. >> What are those?

>> Those are mangoes.

3. >> Are they apples?

>> No, they're not. They're pomegranates.

4. >> I can't find them.

>> Where were these when you last saw them?

�PAIR PRACTICEWork with a partner. Use the PICTURE CUES to ask and answer questions as in the EXAMPLES.

1 4

goldfish? guitar?

2 5

dog? hat?

3 6

eyeglasses? saftey pins?

EXAMPLE 1

bananas?

EXAMPLE 2

car?

›› Are these bananas?

›› Yes, they are. They're bananas.

›› Is this a car?

›› No, it isn't. It isn't a car.

›› What is it?

›› It's an airplane.

Lesson 2 p. 13

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�SENTENCE COMPLETION EXERCISEFill in the blanks with the correct form of the be-verb. Use affirmative or negative forms so that each sentence is true.

1. Friday and Saturday days of the week.2. July and August days of the week.3. Tokyo the capital of Japan.4. Mars and Jupiter planets in our Solar System.5. Democracy and Communism religions.6. I left-handed.

�PAIR PRACTICE Work with a partner. Use the CUES to make short exchanges as in the EXAMPLES.

1. persimmon | fruit2. the Atlantic and the Pacific | river3. Chile and Brazil | European country4. Senegal | African country5. Dutch | language6. Europe and Asia | country7. the moon | planet8. golf | Olympic sport9. chemistry | science

10. dolphin | fish

EXAMPLE 1

a mango | a fruit

›› Is a mango a fruit?

›› Yes, it is. A mango is a fruit. [Mangoes are fruits.]

EXAMPLE 2

New York | the capital of the U.S.

›› Is New York the capital of the U.S.?

›› No, it isn’t. New York isn’t the capital of the U.S. The capital of the U.S. is Washington, D.C.

EXAMPLE 3

Yale and Harvard | famous university

›› Are Yale and Harvard famous universities?

›› Yes, they are. Yale and Harvard are famous universities.

EXAMPLE 4

Sony and Sharp | American company

›› Are Sony and Sharp Amerian companies?

›› No, they aren’t. Sony and Sharp are Japanese companies.

Dolphins are mammals.

Lesson 2 p. 14

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�ORAL DRILLAnswer the questions you hear as in the EXAMPLE.

Continue with CUES from the INSTRUCTOR.

�PAIR PRACTICE Work with a partner. Match the things in the left-hand column with their categories on the right. Make questions and answers as in the EXAMPLES.

THING(s) CATEGORY

• apple• tennis and golf• piano• hammer• knives and forks• German and Russian• Kilimanjaro and Everest• broccoli and cauliflower• the Nile• Asia

• mountain• vegetable• sport• fruit• language• continent• tool• river• utensil• muscial instrument

EXAMPLE 1

YOU HEAR: “Is English easy?

›Ê “Yes, it is. English is easy.”

-or-›Ê "No, it isn't. English is not easy."

EXAMPLE 2

YOU HEAR: “I today Monday?”

›Ê “Yes, it is. Today is Monday.”

-or-›Ê "No, it isn't. Today is not Monday. [Today is

Tuesday.]"

EXAMPLE 1

• apple

›› What’s an apple?

›› An apple is a fruit.

EXAMPLE 2

• tennis and golf

›› What are tennis and golf?

›› Tennis and golf are sports.

Lesson 2 p. 15

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�COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHARTWe can say that something “looks cold.” For example, “The weather looks cold.”We can say, “This coffee tastes cold” too.But can we say that something “sounds cold”?Work with a partner (or a group of three). Mark the adjectives on the left with a circle if they can be used with the verbs on the top.

Be prepared to give examples!

“look” “feel” “taste” “sound” “smell”

cold

good

loud

strong

cheap

comfortable

fresh

happy

easy

new

tall

WAYS & WORDS"look," "feel," "taste," "sound," and "smell"Verb of perception + ADJECTIVEThe verbs "look," "feel," "taste," "sound," and "smell" + ADJECTIVES can be used to describe things.

This

It

looks

feels

tastes

sounds

smells

good.

bad.

Verb of perception + "like" + NOUNVerbs of perception with "like" + NOUN can be used to express resemblance.

This

It

looks

feels

tastes

sounds

smells

like popcorn.

Resemblance is usually mutual. Note the alternative ways to express the same idea:

A pomegrante looks like an apple.

Pomegranates and apples looklike one another.

each other.

alike.

• He looks rich.

• Your forehead feels warm.

• The soup tastes delicious.

• The motor sounds strange.

• These eggs smell rotten.

• A persimmon looks like an orange.

• His muscles feel like iron.

• Gooseberries taste like muscat grapes.

• You sound like your mother.

• This shampoo smells like lavender.

Lesson 2 p. 16

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clean

wet

quiet

boring

�SUBSTITUTION DRILLUse the CUE word (or words) to make new sentences.

BEGIN They look like grapes.

1. taste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . They taste like grapes.2. toothpaste . . . . . . . . . . . . . They taste like toothpaste.3. it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It tastes like toothpaste.4. feel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It feels like toothpaste.5. smell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It smells like toothpaste.6. these . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . These smell like toothpaste.7. leather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . These smell like leather.8. feel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . These feel like leather.9. look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . These look like leather.10. it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It looks like leather.11. a guitar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It looks like a guitar.12. sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It sounds like a guitar.13. an earthquake . . . . . . . . . It sounds like an earthquake.14. feel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It feels like an earthquake.

�SENTENCE FORMATION DRILLUse the CUES to make sentences as in the EXAMPLES.

1. she | clerk | customer2. this picture | photograph | painting3. whales | fish | mammal4. the building | hotel | hospital5. The Caspian Sea | ocean | lake6. these | chopstick | knitting needle

EXAMPLE 1

he | student | teacher

›Ê He looks like a student, but he’s actually a teacher.

EXAMPLE 2

We | doctor | nurse

›ÊWe look like doctors, but we’re actually nurses.

What does this cloud look like to you?

Lesson 2 p. 17

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1 watch? 5 oven?

compass dishwasher

2 pills 6 laptop?

breath mints electronic dictionary

3 eyeglasses? 7 shoes?

goggles sandals

4 headphones? 8 saftey pin?

earmuffs paper clip

�PAIR PRACTICEWork with a partner. Use the images on the next page to make short dialogs as in the EXAMPLES.

EXAMPLE 1

apple?

pomegranate

EXAMPLE 2

earrings?

cufflinks

›› Is this an apple?

›› It looks like an apple, but it's not.*

›› What is it?

›› It's a pomegranate.

*You can also say

"it isn't"

or

"they aren't"

›› Are these earrings?

›› They look like earrings, but they're not.*

›› What are they?

›› They're cufflinks.

Lesson 2 p. 18

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�DIALOG PRACTICE Work with a partner. Based on the dialog ("What do they taste like?" on page 10), create a new dialog using the images to the right as a hint. Image that you are at a zoo. A is a visitor and B is a zookeeper.

A: Excuse me. Is that a lizard?B: No, it isn’t .A: What is it?B: It’s .A: Oh. Is it a ?B: Yes. .A: What about those?B: These?A: Yes. They look like . Are they?B: No. They’re .

armadillo bats

LISTENINGYou will hear a conversation. As you listen, try to answer the following questions:

1. What is the woman doing? Why?2. What did she find?3. What did she think they were?

Lesson 2 p. 19

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LOOKING AHEADLook at the picture below. Write some sentences as in the following EXAMPLES.

EXAMPLES

There is a flat-screen TV on the wall.

There are some flowers on the coffee table.

1.

2.

3.

AD

VA

NC

ED

WO

RK

Life on Mars?Read the following article.

ComprehensionCheck your understanding of the article with the following questions.

1. When was the first picture taken?2. Why did some people think that it was proof that there is life on Mars?3. When was the second picture taken? What did it show?

Next Step Discuss the following questions with your partner or the other members of a group.

1. Do you think there is life on other planets in our solar system?2. Do you think there is intelligent life on other planets in the universe?3. If so, what do you think the aliens on those planets look like? Do you

think they will look like us?

Does this look like a man's face?On July 25, 1976, a NASA space probe known as Viking 1 took this picture of the planet Mars.

Many people saw what they thought was a face on the surface of the planet.

The picture became famous, and many people considered it to be proof that there is life on Mars.

However, 20 years after Viking 1 took this pictue, space probes from both Europe and America took other, higher resolution pictures.

It turns out that the formation that originally looked like a human face was just a "trick of light and shadow," as one scientist explained.

The image on the left shows the same feature seen in the earlier photo.

Up close and at a better resolution, the object no longer looks like a face.

Is there life on Mars? That's a question that scientists are still considering. But at least we can say that these photos do not give us any proof!