Lesson 4:Lesson 4:Calling for Help/ Evacuation Calling for Help/ Evacuation

Considerations Considerations Emergency Reference Guide p. 97-101Emergency Reference Guide p. 97-101

ObjectivesObjectives

• Describe the 4 options for obtaining help

• Discuss options for calling in delayed help situations

• Identify critical factors for a successful evacuation

• Demonstrate planning an evacuation

Guidelines for EvacuationGuidelines for Evacuation

• 4 options:– Stay & call, radio, signal for help– Send part of group for help, or leave patient &

go for help– Transport the patient to help– Care for patient in place until he/she recovers– Mix of the above

Guidelines for Evacuation Guidelines for Evacuation (cont’d.)(cont’d.)

• Ask these questions:– Is advanced care needed? Is it urgent?– Will someone come looking for the group?– Can you call from the scene? Can you signal?– Is there a safe way to transport the patient?– Is it possible to give care where you are?– Is it safe to wait for help?

Guidelines for Making a CallGuidelines for Making a Call

• Before calling, gather the following information:– Patient’s condition– Your location including

• GPS Coordinates• Prominent landmarks• How you marked your area (i.e. location & trail)

• Mileage, if you are sure (don’t guess)

• Other important info EMS would need

SignalingSignaling

• What ways can you signal for help?– Mirror– Smoke/fire– Flare Gun– Large Symbol (logs, backpacks, etc)– Others?

Providing Care While Waiting Providing Care While Waiting for Helpfor Help

• Continue to monitor the patient until help arrives

• Record vital signs & hands on exam:– every 15 min, if patient stable – every 5 min, if patient not stable– Continuously, if unconscious

• Record all measurements, note changes

• Re-evaluate decision to evacuate as needed

ActivitiesActivities

• Scenario:• Person is injured while kayaking. She made it to shore,

but is drowsy, hypothermic & possibly had a seizure. There are 5 group members who can help. It is dark & starting to rain. Help is 2 miles away on a trail you are familiar with. There is no way to call.

• Form a plan for:– Evacuation– Sending someone for help– Caring for patient in place until well enough to travel

Sending for HelpSending for Help

• Before Sending for help ensure:– All tasks needing everyone’s help are done– Patient’s condition is fully understood &

properly documented– Available resources are known to runners– Runners know where you are & know how

get back to the accident site

Leaving a Patient AloneLeaving a Patient Alone• If alone with patient, you may have to

leave them to get help:– Write/draw the route, when expected back,

leave with patient– Write patient’s condition/location, etc. & take it

with you– Give patient easy access to food/water– If patient is unconscious:

• Place patient in recovery position (i.e. H.A.IN.E.S.)

• Keep patient from becoming chilled/overheated

Transporting a PatientTransporting a Patient

• Consider transporting, if vehicle or other means of transportation is available

• Considerations:– Extent of injuries– Distance to be traveled– Additional help available at scene

• Do not transport, if head/neck/back injury suspected

Transporting a PatientTransporting a Patient

• Carry Out Walk out

Scenario: Moving the PatientScenario: Moving the Patient

• Log Roll

• Fireman’s Carry

• Seat Carry

• BEAM lift

Log RollLog Roll

B.E.A.M. LiftB.E.A.M. Lift

B.E.A.M. LiftB.E.A.M. Lift

B.E.A.M. LiftB.E.A.M. Lift

Temporary ShelterTemporary Shelter

• If unable to evacuate, provide shelter from bad weather

• Protect all members of party:– Artificial shelters (i.e. tents, tarps, buildings)– Natural shelters (i.e. caves, overhangs, etc.)– Build from branches/leaves, etc.

• Ensure proper ventilation• Emergency candles may provide additional

warmth

Questions???Questions???

What else could you add to your What else could you add to your First Aid Kit?First Aid Kit?