Reducing the Risk of Cancer

• I will choose behaviors to reduce my risk of cancer.

Cancer is a disease that affects people of all ages, races, and nation-alities. Next to cardiovascular disease, cancer is the most commoncause of death in the United States. Some types of cancer cannotbe prevented, but some can if people take preventative measures. If a person does get cancer, early treatment can increase the chances for a cure. This lesson will provide information about different aspects of cancer.

Ariel Skelley/CORBIS

What You’ll Learn1. Describe how cancerous cells

grow and spread. (p. 531)2. Describe the basic facts about

common types of cancers.(p. 533)

3. Practice ways to reduce therisk of cancer. (p. 534)

4. Discuss different treatmentprocedures for cancer. (p. 536)

Why It’s ImportantTo some degree, cancer is anillness that results from lifestylechoices. For example,overexposure to the sun increasesthe risk of developing skin cancer.You can make lifestyle choicesthat reduce your risk ofdeveloping cancer.

Key Terms• cancer• tumor• benign tumor• malignant tumor• metastasis• ultraviolet (UV) radiation• malignant melanoma• radon• basal cell carcinoma• chemotherapy Writing About Reducing Risk Suppose that your aunt has breast

cancer. You decide to run in an annual national event that raises moneyfor breast cancer research. Running is beneficial to you because exercisingand controlling your weight helps reduce your risk of developing cancer.After reading about reducing your risk on page 534, write an entry in yourhealth journal about other ways you can reduce your risk.

530 UNIT 8 • Communicable and Chronic Diseases

49

How cancer forms When cells dividein an uncontrolled manner, they canform a tumor. A is an abnor-mal growth of tissue. Tumors can bebenign or malignant. A

is a tumor that is not cancer-ous and does not spread to other partsof the body. Benign tumors rarely arelife-threatening. They usually can beremoved and do not grow back.

A is a tumorthat is cancerous and may spread toother parts of the body.(muh TAS tuh suhs) is the spread ofcancer. Cancer cells can break awayfrom a malignant tumor and enterthe bloodstream or lymphatic sys-tem. They can form new tumors inother parts of the body.

Causes of cancer Cancer is not conta-gious. You cannot get cancer fromanother person. Cancer also is notcaused by an injury, such as a bump orbruise. Although the causes of cancerare not completely understood, manyrisk factors for cancer have been iden-tified. These risk factors can increasea person’s chances of getting cancer.

How cancer is detected Some peopleare fearful of cancer. They do not real-ize that many types of cancer can beprevented or successfully treatedwhen detected early.

They can improve the chance thatcancer will be detected early if theyhave regular physical examinations,perform certain self-examinations,and are aware of risk factors for, andsigns and symptoms of cancer.

Great strides have been made inthe early detection and treatment ofcancer due to improved technology.In many cases a needle-sharp probe replaces a scalpel in the detec-tion and treatment of breast cancer.The survival rate for all types of can-cers greatly improves with earlydetection.

A Guide to Common Cancers (onpage 533) contains information on riskfactors, signs and symptoms, and earlydetection of several types of cancer.

Metastasis

malignant tumor

tumorbenign

tumor

LESSON 49 • Reducing the Risk of Cancer 531(tt)Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers; (b)ISM/Phototake

Risk Factors You cancontrol many factorsthat can put you atrisk for cancer.

All cells in a person’s body usually divide in an orderly pattern to produce

more cells. This enables the body to grow and repair itself. Normal cell division

is under precise control. Sometimes there are problems and cells do not divide in

the usual way. is a group of diseases in which cells divide in an uncontrolled manner.

What to Know About Cancer

Cancer

A change in a mole or otherchange in the skin shouldbe checked by a physician.

1. What is cancer?

2. What ismetastasis?

There are many different types of cancer. This section includes A Guide to Common

Cancers, which makes each type of cancer easy to understand. Cancers are categorized

by their risk factors, signs and symptoms, and early detection.

Early Detection of CancerMany kinds of cancer can be treatedand cured if detected early. Get toknow your body.

Early prevention of cancer Exami-nation of the bladder by a physiciancan aid in early detection for bladdercancer, while regular dental andphysical checkups plus watching forsymptoms can help detect oral can-cer. People can reduce their risk ofskin cancer by doing a monthly skinself-examination and by noticingwhen there are changes in their skinand moles.

Women can reduce their risk ofbreast cancer by controlling theirweight through diet and exercise,

doing monthlybreast self exams,having a physicalexam every threeyears for women20 to 40 and byhaving a mammo-gram every 1–2years after the ageof 40.

Women canreduce their riskof cervical can-cer by having

regular pelvic examinations andannual Pap smears. Endometrialcancer can be detected early ifwomen age 40 and up have an annualpelvic exam by a physician.

People can help reduce their risk ofprostate cancer (for men) andcolon and rectal cancer (for menand women) by having an annual rec-tal examination after age 40 and hav-ing an annual blood test after age 50(for colon and rectal cancer, anannual stool blood test).

For some types of cancer, includingHodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, there are noearly detection tests available. Forother types, early detection is diffi-cult. One example is leukemia,because symptoms often appear latein the disease. The same is true forlung cancer; it can be detected latein the disease with chest X rays andan examination of bronchial tubesand mucus.

Ovarian cancer also is difficult todetect early because symptoms areoften attributed to other conditions.Pancreatic cancer can be detectedlate in the disease with ultrasoundimaging and CT scans.

532 UNIT 8 • Communicable and Chronic DiseasesJose Luis Pelaez/CORBIS

A regular physicalexamination is important

in the early detection and treatment of cancer.

LESSON 49 • Reducing the Risk of Cancer 533

TABLE 49.1 A Guide to Common Cancers

Bladder Cigarette smoking, air pollution, exposure toindustrial chemicals

Increased frequency of urination, weight loss and loss ofappetite, blood in urine

Breast Family history of breast cancer, early start ofmenstruation, late menopause, never having children,late age when first having children

Breast tenderness, lumps or thickenings in the breast, changesin a nipple, discharge from a nipple, dimpling or puckering ofthe skin on a breast

Cervical Early age at first sexual intercourse, having multiplesexual partners, cigarette smoking, infection with humanpapilloma virus (HPV)

Pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, abnormal bleeding from theuterus or spotting

Colon and rectal Family history of colorectal cancer, polypsin the colon or rectum, inflammatory bowel disease, high-fatand low-fiber diet, physical inactivity

Changes in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea),bleeding in the rectum, blood in the stool, unexplained weightloss

Endometrial Obesity, early start of menstruation, latemenopause, family history of infertility, failure to ovulate,use of estrogen drugs

Pain, weight loss, irregular menstrual cycles, abnormal vaginalbleeding after menopause

Type of Cancer/Risk Factors Signs and Symptoms

Lymphoma: Hodgkin’s disease Largely unknown, reducedimmune function, exposure to certain infectious agents

Enlarged lymph nodes, unexplained fever, unexplained weightloss, itching, fatigue, night sweats

Leukemia Exposure to radiation, exposure to certainchemicals, infection with human T-lymphotropic virus: Type I,cigarette smoking

Fever, weight loss, fatigue, easy bleeding, repeated infections,enlarged lymph nodes, swelling of liver and spleen

Lung Cigarette smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke, airpollution, exposure to asbestos, exposure to radon, familyhistory of lung cancer, exposure to industrial chemicals,exposure to radiation

Chronic coughing, blood in mucus, wheezing, chest pain,weight loss, hoarseness, shortness of breath, recurringpneumonia or bronchitis

Oral Chewing tobacco use, heavy alcohol use, smoking andusing drugs multiplies the risk

Lump or thickening in the mouth, leukoplakia, bad breath,loose teeth, pain, a sore that bleeds easily and doesn’t heal in the mouth, difficulty chewing and swallowing

Ovarian Never having children, family history of ovariancancer, increased risk with age

Enlarged abdomen, abdominal pain and discomfort, abnormalvaginal bleeding

Pancreatic Cigarette smoking, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes,cirrhosis of the liver, high-fat diet

Weight loss, pain, change in bowel habits

Prostate Risk increases with age, high-fat diet, family historyof prostate cancer, highest incidence among African-Americans

Frequent urination, painful or burning urination, weak orinterrupted urine flow, bloody urine, persistent pain in the back, hips, or pelvis

Skin Exposure to UV radiation from the sun, tanning booths, andsunlamps, repeated sunburn, fair complexion, family history of skincancer, exposure to coal, tar, pitch, creosote, arsenic, or radium

Changes in skin pigmentation, skin sores that do not heal,pain, tenderness, or itchiness of the skin, changes in the size,shape, color, thickness, or number of moles

Some risk factors for cancer cannot be controlled. For example, people cannot control

their heredity. However, almost all cancers are associated with choices over which

people do have control.

What You Can Do to Reduce Your RiskKnow the warning signs of cancer.There are common warning signsthat may indicate cancer.• Change in bowel or bladder habits• A sore that does not heal• Unusual bleeding or discharge• Thickening or lump in a breast or

elsewhere• Indigestion or difficulty swallowing• Obvious change in a wart or mole• Nagging cough or hoarseness

These also may be symptoms ofless serious conditions, so see a doc-tor if you have any of these signs.

Choose a tobacco-free lifestyle.Tobacco use is the most preventablecause of cancer death. Tobacco prod-ucts contain many carcinogens. A car-cinogen is a chemical that is known tocause cancer. Using tobacco productsand being exposed to secondhandsmoke are leading causes of cancerdeath. Cases of lung cancer would begreatly reduced if people never beganto smoke and reduced their exposureto secondhand smoke. The use ofsmokeless, or chewing tobaccoincreases the risk of cancers of themouth, gums, and throat.

Protect yourself from UV radiation. Atype of radiation that comes from thesun and also is emitted by sunlampsand tanning booths is

Repeated exposureto UV radiation increases the risk ofskin cancer, including malignantmelanoma.is the form of skin cancer that is mostoften fatal. Avoid exposure to the sunbetween 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. If you arein the sun, wear protective clothing.Use sunscreen lotions that have asun protective factor (SPF) of at least15. Never use a tanning booth or sun-lamp. Check your skin regularly. Ifyou notice any abnormal growths,consult your physician.

Follow dietary guidelines. Eat a vari-ety of foods so that your body has acombination of nutrients. Follow therecommended number of servings ofeach food on the Food Guide Pyramid.

Maintain desirable weight. Peoplewho are overweight and have a highpercentage of body fat are more atrisk for developing cancer. Exerciseregularly and manage your weight.

Malignant melanoma

(UV) radiation.ultraviolet

534 UNIT 8 • Communicable and Chronic DiseasesPhotodisc/Getty Images

Make theConnection

Weight For moreinformation on theimportance of weightmanagement, see page324 in Lesson 29.

Reducing exposure tosecondhand smoke

will reduce risk oflung cancer.

Avoid drinking alcohol. Drinkingalcohol may cause changes in bodycells. Alcohol also takes vitaminsneeded for optimal health away fromyour body. Drinking alcohol increasesthe risk of cancer of the liver, throat,mouth, breast, and stomach. Chancesof developing cancer are multipliedfurther if you drink alcohol and usetobacco products.

Avoid exposure to dangerous chemicalsand airborne fibers. The following havebeen found to increase risk of cancer:benzene, benzidene, vinyl chloride,uranium, radon, nickel, cadmium,asbestos, and pesticides. Wear rubbergloves and a mask when exposed todangerous chemicals. Wear protectiveclothing if you will be exposed to air-borne fibers.

Avoid air pollution. Polluted air con-tains many carcinogens. Avoid theexhaust from cars, buses, and trucks.Have your home tested for radon.

is an odorless, colorlessradioactive gas that is released byrocks and soil. It can collect and betrapped in basements and crawlspaces. Inhaling radon can increasethe risk of lung cancer.

Avoid infection with HIV and sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs). Manypeople who are infected with HIVdevelop Kaposi’s sarcoma and othercancers. People who have genitalwarts are at increased risk for cervi-cal cancer. Choose abstinence toreduce your risk of cancer. Do notinject drugs, such as steroids andheroin. Discuss any procedure thatinvolves piercing the skin with a par-ent or guardian beforehand. Avoidcontact with blood and bodily fluids.

Know your family’s cancer history.Some cancers, such as breast, colon,and ovarian cancers, occur more fre-quently in certain families. If a familymember or other relative has had can-cer, have regular cancer checkups andkeep your physician informed.

Reducing the Risk of the MostCommon Cancer: Skin CancerSkin cancer often begins to developin young people who are overexposedto the sun for many years. Skin can-cer is most easily detected because itis plainly visible to the eye. There arethree types of skin cancer.

is the mostcommon form of skin cancer. It devel-ops on sun-exposed areas of the bodyin the form of a small, round, raisedred spot. It is almost always cured ifdiscovered early. Squamous cell car-cinoma, the second most commonskin cancer, also occurs on the parts ofthe body exposed to the sun. It is aslower growing cancer with a tendencyto spread to other parts of the body.Malignant melanoma is the most dan-gerous skin cancer. It appears as amole that changes its appearance andattacks other body parts. Most skincancers can be prevented by avoidingthe sun and wearing a sunscreen witha sun protection factor of at least 15.

The use of tanning beds signifi-cantly increases the risk of squamouscell carcinoma. The younger peopleare when they first start using tan-ning beds, the greater the risk ofdeveloping skin cancer.

Basal cell carcinoma

Radon

LESSON 49 • Reducing the Risk of Cancer 535David Weintraub/Photo Researchers

Make theConnectionAir Pollution Formore information onair pollution, see page603 in Lesson 57.

Frequent sun exposurecan cause skin cancer.

1. What is ultraviolet(UV) radiation?

2. What is the mostdangerous skincancer?

Treatment for cancer depends upon a number of factors. These factors include the type

of cancer, how much the cancer has spread, the location of the cancer, and the patient’s

choice of treatment. Common treatment approaches for cancer include surgery,

radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

What to Know About TreatmentApproaches Surgery The most common treat-ment for cancer is surgery. If tumorsare confined to a particular site,physicians may remove the cancer-ous tissue from the body. If tumorsare spread out, surgery is more diffi-cult to perform.

Radiation therapy Treatment of cancer with high-energy radiation to kill or damage cancer cells is

Radiation ther-apy is performed using a machine

that generates radiation. It alsois performed by placing

radioactive materials inor near thecancer site.R a d i a t i o ntherapy mayproduce sideeffects, suchas fatigue,nausea, andv o m i t i n g .

The skin also may become red andblistered in the areas that aretreated with radiation.

Chemotherapy The treatment of cancer with anti-cancer drugs is

These drugs kill can-cer inside the body. Chemotherapyworks mainly on cancer cells.However, healthy cells can be harmedas well. Side effects may include nau-sea, vomiting, hair loss, and fatigue.Most of these side effects do not lastlong and will gradually go away.Fatigue may last several months.

Immunotherapy A process in whichthe immune system is stimulated tofight cancer cells is Immunotherapy involves injectingpatients with cancer cells that havebeen made harmless by radiation orinjecting patients with other sub-stances that stimulate the immunesystem.

immunotherapy.

chemotherapy.

radiation therapy.

536 UNIT 8 • Communicable and Chronic DiseasesYoav Levy/Phototake

Radiation therapy isused to treat some

types of cancer.

49STUD

Y

GUIDE

Key Terms ReviewComplete these fill-in-the-blank statements with the lesson Key Terms on the left. Do not write in this book.

1. A noncancerous tumor is a(n) .

2. An odorless, colorless gas associated withcancer is .

3. The spread of cancer to other body parts is.

4. Being treated with anti-cancer drugs iscalled .

5. The general name for a disease in whichthere is uncontrollable growth of cells is

.

6. The most dangerous type of skin cancer is.

7. The most common form of skin cancer is.

8. An abnormal growth of tissue forms a(n).

9. Sunlamps emit a dangerous ray called.

10. A cancerous tumor also is called a(n)._____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

basal cell carcinomabenign tumorcancerchemotherapyimmunotherapymalignant melanomamalignant tumormetastasisradiation therapyradontumorultraviolet (UV)

radiation

LESSON 49 • Study Guide 537Photodisc/Getty Images

Recalling the Facts11. Distinguish between a benign tumor and a

malignant tumor.

12. What are three risk factors for developinglung cancer?

13. What are three treatments for cancer?

14. What are the seven early warning signs of cancer?

15. What methods are used for early detectionof breast cancer?

16. Why is early detection for leukemia difficult?

17. What are three risk factors that might contribute to oral cancer?

18. Describe signs that might indicate skin cancer.

Critical Thinking19. Discuss why a benign tumor is considered

less harmful than a malignant tumor.

20. Why is cancer not considered a contagiousdisease?

21. Why should a woman infected with HPVhave cervical examinations on a regularbasis?

22. Explain why a person who has swollenlymph nodes, fever, weight loss, andfatigue should seek medical attention? List the types of cancer that these symptomsare signs of.

Real-Life Applications 23. How could you be supportive toward a

friend who is feeling sick from receivingchemotherapy?

24. Why should you know the warning signs of cancer?

25. You notice that a classmate who smokeshas a chronic cough and often complainsof chest pains. What would you say to yourclassmate?

26. Describe why the use of tanning beds bypeople your age is particularly risky.

ActivitiesResponsible Decision Making27. Discuss One of your friends works at a

tanning salon and offers you three free ses-sions in the tanning booth. Your friend saysyou will look great. Write a response to thissituation. Refer to the Responsible Decision-Making Model on page 61 for help.

Sharpen Your Life Skills28. Practice Healthful Behaviors Plan

a three-day menu of foods known to pre-vent cancer. Choose foods that are high infiber. Include several fruits and vegetableseach day. Avoid fatty foods. Avoid foodsthat are smoked, salted, or nitrate-cured.

Visit www.glencoe.com for more Health & Wellness quizzes.

http://www.glencoe.com

8STUD

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GUIDE

Key Terms Review

a. aneurysm (p. 516)

b. antibody (p. 485)

c. asthma (p. 494)

d. hemophilia (p. 527)

e. immune system (p. 485)

f. Kaposi’s sarcoma (p. 505)

g. metastasis (p. 531)

h. plaque (p. 515)

i. pubic lice (p. 503)

j. strep throat (p. 492)

k. stroke (p. 516)

l. tumor (p. 531)

538 UNIT 8 • Communicable and Chronic Diseases

1. hardened deposits in the blood vessels2. bacterial infection of the throat3. a blocked or broken blood vessel in the brain4. removes harmful organisms from the blood and combats pathogens5. a weakened area of a blood vessel6. a protein that helps fight infection7. the spreading of cancer cells to other body parts8. crab lice that pierce the skin and feed on human blood9. a type of cancer that affects people who are infected with HIV

10. bronchial tubes become inflamed and constrict

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Match the following definitions with the correct Key Terms. Do not write in this book.

Recalling the Facts11. What are three diseases caused by bacteria? (Lesson 44)12. Identify three signs of an asthma attack. (Lesson 45)13. What takes place in an ectopic pregnancy? (Lesson 46)14. How is gonorrhea diagnosed? (Lesson 46)15. How does nitroglycerin work? (Lesson 47)16. What is an antioxidant? (Lesson 47)17. What is metabolism? (Lesson 48)18. What are the two major types of arthritis? (Lesson 48)19. What is a benign tumor? (Lesson 49)20. How could the number of cases of lung cancer be greatly reduced? (Lesson 49)

Critical Thinking21. Describe the quality of life today if there were no vaccines. (Lesson 44)22. You have been exposed to the flu and your white blood cell count is high. How can this

be a benefit to you? (Lesson 44)

23. Why would a physician not necessarily provide an antibiotic for flu? (Lesson 45)24. Why might a female have PID and yet not know she has chlamydia? (Lesson 46)25. Explain how pubic lice could become a public health problem among teens. (Lesson 46)26. Why should a person with high blood pressure avoid too many salty foods? (Lesson 47)27. Why are oral medications often avoided for a woman if she has gestational diabetes? (Lesson 48)28. Why might a person with narcolepsy seek a support group? (Lesson 48)29. What probably happened if a person had colon cancer, which was treated, but now has

liver cancer? (Lesson 49)

30. Why should people who are overweight reduce their percentage of body fat? (Lesson 49)

Influenza virus

Malaria parasite

Color-enhanced TEM Magnification: 5 700x

Color-enhanced TEM Magnification: 250,000x

Use Interactive Tutor at www.glencoe.com for additional help.

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Health Literacy Activities

Standardized Test PracticeReadingWriting&

UNIT 8 • Study Guide 539Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers

Read the following selection and answer the questions that follow.

Scientists have been reporting for many yearsabout the healthful qualities of drinking blackor green tea. Substances called antioxidants,found in many kinds of hot or cold tea, mayreduce the risk of heart disease and cancer,strengthen bones, improve allergies, and evenhelp prevent cavities. A 2003 NationalAcademy of Sciences study shows that drinkingfive cups of tea a day may boost the body’sability to fight diseases. Researchers found thatthe T-cells in the blood of tea drinkers releasedup to five times the normal amount of achemical called interferon. Interferon fightsinfection and can even shrink some kinds oftumors. Scientists are hopeful that the newdiscovery will lead to important breakthroughsin the ongoing battle against disease.

Multiple Choice

1 In this paragraph, the word breakthroughs means

A experiments

B failures

C successes

D reports

2 Which statement best describes the author’s attitude towardthe new findings about tea?

A Everyone should start drinking tea.

B The findings are opinion, not fact.

C More research is needed in order to apply research find-ings about tea to treatments for diseases.

D Scientists are exaggerating the healthful qualities of tea.

Open-Ended

3 Write a letter to a friend summarizing this paragraph andmaking a recommendation about drinking tea.

What Do You Know?Self-Directed Learning Write questions aboutcommon types of diseases—including respiratory,

cardiovascular, and chronic diseases, as well as cancer, STDs,and HIV— that are factual, but difficult or challenging toanswer. You might research information beyond what youlearned in this unit. Form teams with classmates and competeby answering the other teams’ questions. Keep score anddeclare a winner.

Connection to World CulturesEffective Communication People of certain cul-tures and countries are more at risk than others for

certain diseases and health conditions because of differences in diet, climate, and other factors. Find an article in a medicaljournal or other periodical that discusses a disease or healthcondition that is common in a certain culture or country. Write a summary of this article and share the information with yourclassmates.

Family InvolvementResponsible Citizenship Write a health plan withfamily members in which each member will play a

role in reducing the risk of heart disease in the family. Forexample, you may recommend a family exercise night.

Investigating Health CareersProblem Solving Interview a family physician or adermatologist to obtain information about the effects

of sunbathing or using a tanning booth on the skin. Prepare aposter to share with the class.

Group ProjectCritical Thinking Prepare a 30-second public serviceannouncement explaining ten ways to reduce the risk

of certain types of cancer. Record your announcement and sendthe tape to a local radio station, or get permission to play it overyour school’s PA system. Visit www.glencoe.com for moreinformation.

www.glencoe.com

a blood platelet and a white blood cell white blood cells cancer cells

Color-enhanced SEM Magnification: 3,750x

Color-enhanced SEM Magnification: unknown

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Health & WellnessTable of ContentsUNIT 1 Health SkillsLesson 1 Taking Responsibility for HealthLesson 2 Accessing Valid Health Information, Products, and ServicesLesson 3 Practicing Healthful BehaviorsLesson 4 Analyzing Influences on HealthLesson 5 Using Communication SkillsLesson 6 Setting Health Goals and Making Responsible DecisionsLesson 7 Being a Health Advocate

UNIT 2 Mental and Emotional HealthLesson 8 Developing Good CharacterLesson 9 Developing a Healthy MindLesson 10 Expressing Emotions and Managing StressLesson 11 Dealing with DepressionLesson 12 Dealing with Loss and Grief

UNIT 3 Family and Social HealthLesson 13 Developing Healthful Family RelationshipsLesson 14 Adjusting to Family ChangesLesson 15 Examining Dating and FriendshipsLesson 16 Practicing Abstinence From SexLesson 17 Recognizing Harmful RelationshipsLesson 18 Preparing for Marriage and Parenthood

UNIT 4 Growth and DevelopmentLesson 19 Keeping Your Body HealthyLesson 20 Learning About the Reproductive SystemsLesson 21 Learning About Pregnancy and ChildbirthLesson 22 Caring for Infants and ChildrenLesson 23 Developing Learning and Planning StylesLesson 24 Aging Healthfully

UNIT 5 NutritionLesson 25 Choosing Healthful FoodsLesson 26 Following Dietary GuidelinesLesson 27 Using Diet to Guard Against DiseaseLesson 28 Developing Healthful Eating HabitsLesson 29 Maintaining a Healthful Weight

UNIT 6 Personal Health and Physical ActivityLesson 30 Having Regular Physical ExamsLesson 31 Being Well-GroomedLesson 32 Getting Adequate Rest and SleepLesson 33 Participating in Physical ActivityLesson 34 Practicing FitnessLesson 35 Exercising Safely

UNIT 7 Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other DrugsLesson 36 Using Prescription and OTC Drugs SafelyLesson 37 Choosing an Alcohol-Free LifestyleLesson 38 Choosing a Tobacco-Free LifestyleLesson 39 Avoiding Illegal Drug UseLesson 40 Avoiding Drug DependenceLesson 41 Resisting Pressure to Abuse DrugsLesson 42 Reducing Risk by Being Drug FreeLesson 43 Assessing Treatment Options

UNIT 8 Communicable and Chronic DiseasesLesson 44 Avoiding Communicable Diseases.Lesson 45 Dealing with Respiratory Diseases, Asthma, and AllergiesLesson 46 Reducing the Risk of STDs and HIVLesson 47 Reducing the Risk of Cardiovascular DiseasesLesson 48 Managing Chronic Health ConditionsLesson 49 Reducing the Risk of Cancer

UNIT 9 Consumer and Community HealthLesson 50 Acquiring Knowledge of Health LawsLesson 51 Managing Time and MoneyLesson 52 Analyzing Media MessagesLesson 53 Accessing Reliable Health CareLesson 54 Investigating Health CareersLesson 55 Learning About Public Health

UNIT 10 Environmental HealthLesson 56 Learning About Environmental IssuesLesson 57 Preventing Air and Water PollutionLesson 58 Preventing Noise and Visual PollutionLesson 59 Practicing Recycling and ConservationLesson 60 Protecting the Environment

UNIT 11 Injury Prevention and Personal SafetyLesson 61 Reducing Unintentional InjuriesLesson 62 Staying Safe During Severe Weather and Natural DisastersLesson 63 Reducing the Risk of ViolenceLesson 64 Respecting Authority and Obeying LawsLesson 65 Protecting Yourself From Physical ViolenceLesson 66 Protecting Yourself From Sexual ViolenceLesson 67 Staying Away From GangsLesson 68 Reducing Weapon InjuriesLesson 69 Performing Common First Aid ProceduresLesson 70 Performing Emergency First Aid Procedures

Health ResourcesEnglish/Spanish GlossaryIndexCredits

Feature ContentsActivity: Using Life SkillsSpeaking OutHealth NewsFacts AboutJust the Facts

Student WorkbooksReading EssentialsTo the StudentUnit 1: Health SkillsLesson 1: Taking Responsibility for HealthLesson 2: Accessing Valid Health Information, Products, and ServicesLesson 3: Practicing Healthful BehaviorsLesson 4: Analyzing Influences on HealthLesson 5: Using Communication SkillsLesson 6: Setting Health Goals and Making Responsible DecisionsLesson 7: Being a Health Advocate

Unit 2: Mental and Emotional HealthLesson 8: Developing Good CharacterLesson 9: Developing a Healthy MindLesson 10: Expressing Emotions and Managing StressLesson 11: Dealing with DepressionLesson 12: Dealing with Loss and Grief

Unit 3: Family and Social HealthLesson 13: Developing Healthful Family RelationshipsLesson 14: Adjusting to Family ChangesLesson 15: Examining Dating and FriendshipsLesson 16: Practicing Abstinence From SexLesson 17: Recognizing Harmful RelationshipsLesson 18: Preparing for Marriage and Parenthood

Unit 4: Growth and DevelopmentLesson 19: Keeping Your Body HealthyLesson 20: Learning About the Reproductive SystemsLesson 21: Learning About Pregnancy and ChildbirthLesson 22: Caring for Infants and ChildrenLesson 23: Developing Learning and Planning StylesLesson 24: Aging Healthfully

Unit 5: NutritionLesson 25: Choosing Healthful FoodsLesson 26: Following Dietary GuidelinesLesson 27: Using Diet to Guard Against DiseaseLesson 28: Developing Healthful Eating HabitsLesson 29: Maintaining a Healthful Weight

Unit 6: Personal Health and Physical ActivityLesson 30: Having Regular Physical ExamsLesson 31: Being Well-GroomedLesson 32: Getting Adequate Rest and SleepLesson 33: Participating in Physical ActivityLesson 34: Practicing FitnessLesson 35: Exercising Safely

Unit 7: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other DrugsLesson 36: Using Prescription and OTC Drugs SafelyLesson 37: Choosing an Alcohol-Free LifestyleLesson 38: Choosing a Tobacco-Free LifestyleLesson 39: Avoiding Illegal Drug UseLesson 40: Avoiding Drug DependenceLesson 41: Resisting Pressure to Abuse DrugsLesson 42: Reducing Risk by Being Drug FreeLesson 43: Assessing Treatment Options

Unit 8: Communicable and Chronic DiseasesLesson 44: Avoiding Communicable DiseasesLesson 45: Dealing with Respiratory Diseases, Asthma, and AllergiesLesson 46: Reducing the Risk of STDs and HIVLesson 47: Reducing the Risk of Cardiovascular DiseasesLesson 48: Managing Chronic Health ConditionsLesson 49: Reducing the Risk of Cancer

Unit 9: Consumer and Community HealthLesson 50: Acquiring Knowledge of Health LawsLesson 51: Managing Time and MoneyLesson 52: Analyzing Media MessagesLesson 53: Accessing Reliable Health CareLesson 54: Investigating Health CareersLesson 55: Learning About Public Health

Unit 10: Environmental HealthLesson 56: Learning About Environmental IssuesLesson 57: Preventing Air and Water PollutionLesson 58: Preventing Noise and Visual PollutionLesson 59: Practicing Recycling and ConservationLesson 60: Protecting the Environment

Unit 11: Injury Prevention and Personal SafetyLesson 61: Reducing Unintentional InjuriesLesson 62: Staying Safe During Severe Weather and Natural DisastersLesson 63: Reducing the Risk of ViolenceLesson 64: Respecting Authority and Obeying LawsLesson 65: Protecting Yourself From Physical ViolenceLesson 66: Protecting Yourself From Sexual ViolenceLesson 67: Staying Away From GangsLesson 68: Reducing Weapon InjuriesLesson 69: Performing Common First Aid ProceduresLesson 70: Performing Emergency First Aid Procedures

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