Insert Heading

Lessons learned from the

Dar es Salaam Municipal Development Project

Improvement of Solid Waste Management

Daniel Cramer, SMEC Africa

September 2013

SMEC Background

The Organisation and Regions

• Independent professional consultancy

firm

• over 5,000 over 80 offices around the

world.

• Consistently in the Engineering News

Record - one of the “Top 200

International Consultancy Firms”

• Ranked No. 9 for Water projects

South Africa

Africa

• First SMEC operations in 1970

• Over 30 offices across the continent

• 1,200 staff

Technical Functions

• Transport

• Civil Infrastructure

• Water & Environment

• Urban Development

• Industrial & Power

• Local Government

• Social Development

SMEC BACKGROUND

Industry Sectors

• National and Local Government

• Oil & Gas

• Mining

• Power Generation & Distribution

• Water Supply & Sanitation

• Land Developers

• Manufacturing Industries

• Agricultural Industry

• Waste Management

• Construction

� Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Development Project (DMDP)

� For Municipalities:

• strengthen the institutional and urban management systems of the

Dar es Salaam Local Authorities (DLAs) in order to improve service

delivery over time;

• provide studies/designs for actual improvements through sub-

projects, eg. Solid Waste

� Project Objectives:

• prepare the investments for a comprehensive SWM system for Dar

es Salaam

• Prepare feasibility studies, designs, drawings, cost estimates and

tender packages for sub-projects;

• Conduct ESIA for the sub-projects including new sites;

• Provide input to the separate consultants for both Institutional

Review and Strengthening and the PPP initiatives

Background

Project

Background

Project

Environment

Sub Projects

Quantities

Collection

TFS/MRF

Transport

Pugu Upgrade

W2E

Law/Regs

Education

Development

Proposal

Waste

Minimisation

� Significant percentages of the waste generated in Dar es Salaam

are not collected, especially waste from unplanned areas;

� Current conditions of the waste collection and transport systems

may pose risks to human health and the environment;

� Limited funding for operations;

� Aging equipment

Key Issues

Sub-Project: Waste Quantities & Composition

Year 2010 2015 2020 2025

Population Size 4,000,000 4,900,000 5,900,000 7,100,000

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000

Hasconing & M-Konsult 1988

Master Plan SWM 1989

Manus Coffey 1992

Master Zanz-DSM [for 1994]

DCC 1995

JICA 1997

ERC 2004

DCC 2011

tonnes per day

Historic Waste Generation & Sources

HH

Commercial/Industrial

Institutional

Markets

Street Sweeping

Other

Total

Sub-Project: Waste Quantities & Composition

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Dhaka, Bangladesh

Lusaka, Zambia

Ghorari, Nepal

Bamako, Mali

Mosji, Tanzania

Nairobi, Kenya

Canete, Peru

Managua, Nicaragua

Sousee, Tunesia

Solid Waste Collection Rate/Coverage %

� Handcart collection where

other access is not possible

� Manual Handling

� Waste is on the ground

Solid Waste Collection

Solid Waste Collection

Material Recovery

� Community & stakeholder consultation

� Studies, feasibility assessments

� Community & stakeholder supported upgrade packages

� Engineering systems design

� Revenue collection and by-laws

� Services delivery system

Key Project Aspects

Key Aspect: Wide Range of Conditions

Wide Range of Conditions: Solutions

� Consultation with community & stakeholders

� Community and area specific solutions

� “One size does not fit all”

� High degree of flexibility

Key Aspects: Community & Stakeholder

� Community can make or break a waste management system

� Administrators need to support and have the appropriate capacity and funds

� Stakeholders need to actively participate

� Consultation: repeated consultation in different forums

� Training: Targeted training for different groups

� Incentives: Award schemes, fee reductions, tax exemptions

� Conflicting legislation & By-Laws:

• unify regulations and by-laws within the service delivery region

• adjust regulations/by-laws to service delivery mode

• model revisions on existing successful frameworks, if transferable

� Insufficient enforcement:

• Identify, be aware of, overcome cultural hurdles

• awareness campaign in parallel with stepping up enforcement

• positive reinforcement, eg. award systems

� Revenue - affordability, collection rate:

• increase fee collection rates from system users eg. electronic fund

transmission, by co-charging with other services

• increase transparency of collection to ensure collected fees are reaching

the intended destination

• subsidise collection in low income areas by revenue from high income

areas

Key Aspects: Legislation, Revenue

� Local Government Departments are often understaffed, underfunded and

bogged down in procedures and protocols:

• deliver part services through CBOs/Contractors [mini-PPP]: eg. providing

collection truck with driver;

• combine services into larger service packages [PPP]: eg. design,

construction, operation of Waste Transfer Station;

• award concessions [PPP] for wide ranging services based on performance

criteria;

� contract durations must be sufficiently long to allow service providers to make

sensible investments;

� service providers [CBOs/Contractors] need sufficient experience contract

management and financial planning: select capable providers and provide

training;

� all participants in a PPP must understand what the key prerequisites are for

PPP arrangements: provide targeted training

Key Aspects: Delivery Mode

THANK YOU

and

“See you somewhere in Africa”