2017-20187th Grade Science

Review PacketStudent Name

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Teacher Name

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(This is the only copy you will receive. Please make sure your name has been written on this cover along with your science teacher’s name)

7th

Grade SLO Review PacketI. Characteristics of Living Things

1. List the 7 themes of biology: Word Bank: cells, metabolism, homeostasis, reproduce, heredity, evolutionA. ___ __________ - smallest unit of all lifeB. __________ - get and use energy in order to carry out life functionsC. __________ - either asexually or sexuallyD. __________ - maintain a constant internal environment, ex. body temperatureE. __________ - pass on traits to offspringF. __________ - populations of organisms change over time

2. Biological terms in order from smallest to largest

cell tissue organ organ system organism population community ecosystem biosphere

A. _____________: the smallest unit of life

B. _____________: a group of cells that carry out a similar function

C. _____________: a group of tissues that carry out a specialized function in the body

D. _____________: a group of organs that work together to perform body functions

E. _____________: a single living thing

F. _____________: a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area and can

interbreed

G. _____________: a group of different species that live in the same habitat and interact with on another

H. _____________: a community of organisms and their non-living environment

I. _____________: all of the world and it's atmosphere that support life

II. The Water Cycle : Fill in the blanks with letters from the diagram.

1. water falls to the ground in the form of precipitation. (letter________)

2. it percolates through the soil to make ground water. (letter________)

3. water that doesn't go into the ground is called

run off. (letter________)

4. water is taken into plants through the roots by capillary action. (letter_______)

5. transpiration is the process of releasing water vapor into the atmosphere from plant leaves. (letter________)

6. evaporation puts water from oceans and lakes into the atmosphere. (letter________)

7. water in the atmosphere forms droplets in clouds by condensation. (letter________)

III. The Nitrogen Cycle: Word bank: eat, bacteria, fixed, soil, nitrogen fixation.

1. Nitrogen has to be ___________ before plants can use it. This is called ______________________________.

2. Animals get their nitrogen when they ______________.

3. Plants get their nitrogen from the ____________ when it is assimilated by plants.

4. Nitrogen is returned by the atmosphere by ____________________.

IV. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (The Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen Cycle): Word Bank: heterotrophs, CO2, water, O2, glucose, chloroplasts, mitochondria, photosynthesis, chemical, respiration, autotrophs, solar (sun light), ATP - some choices in the word bank may be used more than once

A. plants use organelles called _____________ in their

leaves to collect _______________ energy.

B. occurs so plants can make __________________ to use

for energy

C. photosynthesis converts _________________ energy

into ___________________ energy.

D. photosynthesis uses _________________,

__________________ and ________________ energy

to form_________________ &

______________________.

E. Animals cannot make their own food therefore they are

called_____________________.

F. Most organisms use an organelles called____________

to perform a process called __________________ which

breaks down food molecules to produce ATP for energy.

G. Respiration uses _______________ and _______________ to produce ___________________,

___________________, and ___________________.

H. The gas made by respiration is___________________; The gas taken in by photosynthesis

is__________________.

I. The gas taken in by respiration is ___________________; The gas produced by photosynthesis is_________.

2. It has been said that talking to plants make them grow better. What do plants receive from the chatty person

that may help them grow? _____________________________________

3. What vital ingredient for cellular respiration do animals get from plants?____________________________

V. Human Body Systems: Word Bank: skeletal, reproductive, respiratory, digestive, nervous, urinary, muscular,

endocrine, circulatory, lymphatic some choices in the word bank may be used more than once

1. ______________I bring supplies, such as food and oxygen, to cells. I also pick up wastes, such as carbon dioxide, from these cells and deliver them to the lungs.

2. ______________I get food into the body and break it down into smaller pieces. I also get rid of unused food materials.

3. ______________One of my jobs is to protect the body’s internal organs. I also produce red and white blood cells.

4. ______________One of my main jobs is to help the body move, walk, run, and stretch.5. ______________I help fight diseases with special blood cells. 6. ______________I place nutrients in the blood stream, which carries them to all of the body’s cells.7. ______________I take oxygen into the lungs. I place this oxygen in the blood stream. 8. ______________My main job is to help the body sense its environment. I also control all of the other systems of

the body. 9. ______________I remove carbon dioxide from the body through my bronchial tubes. 10. ______________When the body comes into contact with hot objects, I use reflexes to prevent bodily injury.11. ______________Some of my organs are the stomach, heart, biceps, and triceps. 12. ______________Some of my organs are the skull, femur, vertebrae, and rib cage.

VI. Life at the Cellular Level1. Types of Cells Word Bank: prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both

A. ___________________ -have a nucleus

B. ___________________- have organelles (mini-organs)

C. ___________________- includes the kingdom Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

D. ___________________- do not have organelles (mini-organs)

E. ___________________- includes Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals

F. ___________________- have DNA, (HINT: ALL kingdoms have this in common)

G. ___________________- go through mitosis

H. ___________________- go through binary fission

I. ___________________- have ribosomes to synthesize (make) proteins

2. Cellular Organelles :Word Bank: nucleus, mitochondria, vacuole, ribosomes, golgi body or apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, centriole, cell wall, cytoplasm, chloroplast, lysosomes, cell membranesome choices in the word bank may be used more than once

A. ____________- command center of the cell; DNA in the form of chromosomes is here

B. ____________- small organelle in the nucleus that makes ribosomes

C. ____________- the site of protein synthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

D. ____________- transport system of the cell

E. ____________- collects, packages, and distributes proteins

F. ____________- contains digestive enzymes to break down old cell parts

G. ____________- Storage tank (stores water, nutrients and waste)

H. ____________- organelle that conducts 'respiration' for the cell

I. ____________- the powerhouse of the cell

J. ____________- organelle that conducts 'photosynthesis' for plant cells

K. ____________- assists in cell division in animal cells only

L. ____________- the jelly-like material in which organelles float inside a cell

M. ____________- outside of the cell membrane in some cells. A rigid structure that provides structure and

support for the cell.

N. ____________- encloses cell, controls what gets into and out of the cell

O. __________________- numerous in heart muscle cells because of need for energy

3. Differences between plant and animal cells (complete the table)

Plant A Animal B

Shape

Unique parts

VII. Movement through the Cell Membrane: Word Bank: diffusion, membrane, active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis, phospholipids, energy, low, high, passive transport, osmosis.

A. The cell membrane is composed of __________________________.

B. Passive transport doesn't require ______________________________.

C. Passive transport moves molecules move from areas of ___________________ to _________________ concentration.

D. _________________________is the diffusion of water across a membrane.

E. The type of transport that requires energy is __________________________ .

F. The transport that requires energy moves molecules from ____________ to __________________________

concentrations.

G. Moving solid particles out of the cell is called ________________________________.

H. Moving solid particles into the cell is called___________________________________.

I. The movement of particles from high to low concentration is ____________________.

VIII.Cell Division

1. Label each phase of mitosis in the diagram below.

2. Mitosis Word Bank: replicated, interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis, centromere,

chromatids, centrioles, spindle fibers, plate, cleavage furrow.

A. A chromosome is made of two identical parts called ____________________.

B. The parts of a chromosome are held together by a _______________________.

C. Only animal cells have _________________ to help with chromosome movement.

D. DNA is _______________during so each cell will have the same information

E. During________________ the chromosomes coils and the nuclear membrane starts to break apart.

F. Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell in ____________________.

G. During _____________________spindle fibers shorten which pulls chromosomes apart.

H. During _________________________the nuclear membrane reforms, the spindle fibers break apart.

I. After the nucleus divides, _______________occurs: the division of the cytoplasm- two daughter cells are formed

J. In plant cells only, a cell ______________________forms during cytokinesis.

K. In animal cells only, a ______________________forms during cytokinesis.

L. _______________________ are attached to chromosomes at the centromere

M. Mitosis is composed of these four stages: ___________, _____________, ____________, _____________.

IX. Meiosis Word Bank: gametes, 1, the same, 46, 23, eggs, sperm, zygote, homologous, half, 2, fertilization,

A. Meiosis is a type of cell division that makes sex cells or ____________________.

B. The two types of sex cells are __________________________ and _____________________ .

C. Mitosis consists of _____________________ division(s), while meiosis consists of

____________________________ division(s).

D. Mitosis makes cells with ___________________________number of chromosomes as the parent cell, but

meiosis produces cells with _____________________ the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

E. A human's body cells have _______ chromosomes; sex cells or gametes have _____.

F. For every chromosome your mother gave you, there is a ________________________ chromosome from

your father with information regarding the same trait(s).

G. When an egg and a sperm combine during ____________________, the_________________(embryo) is

formed and has the normal number of chromosomes.

X. Genetics-Vocabulary Word Bank: phenotype, gene, heredity, genetics, genome, recessive, dominant, Gregor Mendel, trait, genotype, alleles, homozygous, heterozygous

A. ____________________two different alleles, a hybrid (Tt)

B. ____________________is the passing of characteristics from parent to offspring

C. ____________________is the type of genes or alleles present in an organism's genome

D. ____________________form of gene that always shows even in the presence of recessive allele.

E. ____________________all of the genes in an organism

F. ____________________are different forms of the same gene (ex: tall vs. short)

G. ____________________two alleles of the same form that make up a genotype, pure breed (TT or tt)

H. ____________________is the Father of Modern Genetics

I. ____________________form of a gene that hides in the presence of a stronger gene.

J. ____________________is an inherited characteristic

K. ____________________is an organism's physical appearance

L. ____________________is the study of heredity

M. ____________________is a segment of DNA located that codes for a particular protein.

2. Mendelian Genetics: Word Bank:, Punnett square, P, F1, F2, traits

A. A ________________ table is used to diagram the probability of getting certain genotypes

B. The first generation of a 'cross' is the ___________________or parental generation.

C. The offspring of the ____________________generation is the F1 generation

D. The offspring of the_________________________generation is the F2 generation, In humans, dimples are inherited as a dominant trait. A man heterozygous for dimples marries a woman without dimples.

E. What are the genotypes of the couple? Father:________ Mother: __________

F. What proportion of their children will have dimples?

XI. Taxonomy- is the naming and organization of organisms developed by Carolus Linneaus, based on structural similarities

Classification: Complete the table by arranging the terms largest (1) to smallest (8) (use these terms: Domain, Genus, Kingdom, Species, Phylum, Class, Family, Order) (king, come, soda, over, for, grape, Did, Phillip)

1. Naming Organisms: Word Bank: genus, Linneaus, species, different, the same, binomial nomenclature, kingdom

A. ______________________________, or '2 name naming' was developed by _____________________

B. An organism's scientific name is made of its _____________then it’s_______________.

C. If 2 organisms are in the same genus, they must be in _____________ family

D. Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum are two types of bacteria from the Eubacteria. They are in

__________________species, but they are in ________________genus.

E. The Class of Mammals includes organisms such as rabbits and elephants which are

in______________________________Phylum but ________________________________Species.

F. Only organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring are in the same _____________.

Classification Level Key to Remember1 1 Did2 23 34 44 55 66 77 8

2. Kingdoms - Complete the chart using the terms: eukaryotic, unicellular, multicellular, autotroph, heterotroph, prokaryotic)

Kingdom Cell Type Cell Structure Number of Cells Nutrition Examples

Eubacteria Cell Wall(Peptidoglycon)

Autotroph or heterotroph

All common bacteria

Archeabacteria Cell Wall(W/O Peptidoglycon)

unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph

Extremophiles

Protista Mixed Unicellular or multicellular

Autotroph or heterotroph

Amoeba, paramecium,

Fungi Cell Wall (Chitin) Unicellular or multicellular

Mushrooms, yeast

Plantae Cell Wall (Cellulose)

Grass, flowers, trees

Animalia No cell wall Jellyfish, sponge, people

XII. Evolution- the theory that there is a gradual change in characteristics over time.1. Early Theorists

A. Lamarck-Lamarck believed that giraffe's long necks were a result of being stretched because they were trying to reach tall trees, and the ones who didn't stretch died out

Was there evidence for this theory? Y or N

B. Charles Darwin-Complete the statements below with the following words: The Origin of Species, finches, Galapagos Islands, Natural Selectioni. __________________Only the organisms that are best suited to

their environments will survive.

ii. The_____________________________ were a cluster of islands that had different food sources. Because of this, the ________________________ had different beaks to help eat the food.

iii. __________________________________was his book that

compiled his evidence for evolution.

2. Evidence of Common Ancestry: appendix, older, homologous structures, vestigial organs, common ancestor, DNA sequence, absolute or radiometric, embryology)

A. _________________________________- a bat's wing, whale's flipper, and human arm have the same number, type, and arrangement of bones; considered to have a common evolutionary origin. The presence of the same number & type of bones in the wing of a bat and the arm and hand of a human suggests that a bat and a human must share_____________________________________.

B. ____________________________- similar amino acid sequences in proteins of horses and humans provides evidence of similar origin, this is the most specific way to compare organisms.

C. The fact that the DNA of humans and that of monkey species are 99% similar suggests that they probably share _______________________.

D. The most specific way to provide evidence of common ancestry is by using___________________.

E. ___________________________________- embryos of different organisms (chicken, human, rabbit) look similar at certain early stages, which means the same genes are working at those times.

F. ___________________________________- are structures that have no apparent use; the

G. ________________________________ in humans may be a remnant of a digestive organ still found in other organisms and the pelvis and femur in a whale may be remnants of when whale ancestors had legs.

H. According to relative dating of fossils: the deeper underground the fossil is, the________________ it is.

I. ________________________dating uses radioactive isotopes to determine an estimated age for fossils.

XIII. Ecology - the study of organisms and their interactions with the environment.

some choices in the word bank may be used more than once

1. Biomes: A biome is a geographic area characterized by specific types of plants and animals. Word Bank: desert, rain forest, deciduous (temperate forest), coniferous (taiga), tundra, ocean, grassland, freshwater.

A. Biomes are typically named for the type of vegetation, so biomes that primarily have varieties of grasses are

called _______________________ biomes, but pine trees (with cones) are usually in a

_______________________________ biome.

B. Two of the coldest biomes are the____________________ and taiga.

C. The___________________________ has permafrost (frozen soil), no trees can be found.

D. A biome that has a thick canopy of trees and plants and has very high biodiversity is a

________________________.

E. ______________________________ biomes are aquatic and include lakes and rivers. The organisms in

these biomes are sensitive to even the smallest environmental changes.

F. _________________________________forests have trees that produce cones.

G. This aquatic biome has varying salinity (salt levels) _______________________________.

H. Lions can easily stalk their prey in __________________________________biomes because the vegetation is the same color as their fur, which serves as camouflage.

I. _____________________________biomes have almost no vegetation. Only few plants that can survive here, it is very hot during the day and freezing cold during the night.

J. _________________________trees have broad leaves that change color and fall off in the fall.

K. In Georgia, most of the trees lose their leaves in the fall. The biome is a ______________________ forest.

Aquatic biomes: Word bank: ocean, lake, estuary, river

L. 1.__________________________

2.__________________________

3.__________________________

4.__________________________

5. An estuary is a mix of ________________

and _________________________ water.

2. Ecology Vocab: Word Bank: consumer, autotrophic, biotic, abiotic, increase, decrease, species, carnivore, omnivore, herbivore, scavengers, decomposers, producer, population, heterotrophic, community, energy, ecosystem, biosphere, primary consumer, secondary consumer

A. A _____________________is an organism at the beginning of a food chain; produce their own food

B. Organisms, like plants, that can make their own food are ________________________________.

C. Organisms that feed off of other organisms are________________________________________.

D. A ________________________________is an organism that eats producers or other organisms for energy.

E. A nonliving part of the environment is a(n)_______________________________________factor.

F. A living part of the environment is a (n)__________________________________________factor.

G. A consumer that eats only producers is called a (n)_________________________________.

H. A consumer that eats both plants and animals is called a (n)__________________________________.

I. A ____________________________________is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

J. Many populations of different organisms living together is a(n)__________________________________.

K. A group of individuals of a species that lives together and interbreeds is a(n) ____________________.

L. The community of organisms in an area including abiotic factors is a(n)______________________________.

M. The Earth represents a(n)_______________________________________.

N. __________________________________is transferred through an ecosystem by eating or consuming food.

4.

3.2.

1.

O. ______________________________________eat things that are already dead (ex. vulture)

P. A __________________________________________is an organisms that only eats other animals.

Q. ______________________________ break down decaying organisms and nutrients are put back into the

soil by bacteria and fungi like mushrooms)

3. Draw a food chain using the following organisms: hunter, fox, rabbit, grass or plants

4. Draw a food web using the following organisms: Hunter, fox, hawk, snake, rabbit, plants

5. In the food web you drew above, if the rabbit population increased, then the fox population would probably?

__________________________________________

6. Which of these best describes the role of the blue crab in the estuary ecosystem?

a. Carnivoreb. Herbivorec. Producerd. Omnivore

2. How might energy first enter this food web?a. Widgeon Grassb. Waterc. Sunlightd. Dinoflagellates

3. The croaker, menhaden, and striped bass are fished for food. Which of these graphs shows how a decrease in the fish populations would most likely affect the copepod population? (Please refer to the food web above.)

4 Which of the following lists include only biotic parts of an ecosystem? A. Rain, Grass, Seeds, Mice B. Sand, Air, Water, Sunlight

C. Log, Dead Grass, Fungi, BirdD. Bacteria, Soil, Minerals, Worms

5 Which of the following is an example of how an abiotic component affects a community?a. A wet spring leads to an increase in the frog population. b. A beetle from another continent kills a population of trees.c. A fungus infects a population of bats and many die. d. An increase in flies leads to an increase in the swallow population.

6 Relationships: Word Bank: commensalism, mutualism, parasitism, symbiosis, predation, water, sunlight, extinction, limiting factors, competition for food, pollution, disease, climate

a. ______________________________ - one organism is harmed while the other benefits

b. ______________________________- both organisms benefit

c. ______________________________- buffalo and a bird that picks insects off the buffalo

d. ______________________________- organisms living together

e. Some wasps inject eggs into other organism. As the eggs develop into larvae, they use the host for nutrients. The host dies as the wasp larvae develop. When one organism benefits and the other is harmed the relationship is called_______________________________________.

f. Anemones release poisonous chemicals from their tentacles that paralyze prey. Clown fish are not affected by the poison & find protection from predators by living near anemones. This is called _______________________________________because the fish don't harm or benefit the anemone.

g. The honeyguide bird, which lives in Africa, lets off a special call, alerting local indigenous peoples called the Hazda. When the Hazda start following, the bird leads them to a beehive. Her call changes when they get closer, letting people know they're getting hotter. The Hazda leave scraps of honeycomb for the honeyguide birds to finish off. What type of symbiosis is this? ________________.

h. Things that limit the size of populations are called ____________________________________.

i. On the rain forest floor, a limiting factor for plants would be availability of _________________.

b. c. a.

j. In the desert, a limiting factor for both plants and animals would be availability of ___________.

k. Hunting is encouraged for deer populations because they live in such close proximity to each

other that ______________________________is a limiting factor.

l. Only 3,000 manatee Trichechus manatus are left, and most of them are in the ocean around Florida. Because there is little genetic diversity, a disease that reduces fertility might cause _________________.

7. What happens to the number of bacteria when the amount of sunlight decreases?A. Goes downB. Goes upC. Stays the same

8. What is the amount of sunlight in which the number of bacteria is the highest?A. 14B. 16C. 4D. 8

9. Which graph best represents the data to the right?

10. Which biome is shown in graph A? ___________________________ Graph B?

__________________________

D.C.

B.A.

Graph A

Graph B

Graph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph AGraph A

Respiratory Rate(breathes/min)

CO2 Concentration(mmHg)

10 43

11 40

12 35

13 32

14 28