Libro de Gramaticas

El Preterito; -Car,-Gar,-Zar•Tocar Jugar Comenzar

•Toque -Jugue -Comence•Tocaste -Jugaste Comenzaste•Toco-Jugo -Comenzo•Tocamos -Jugamos Comenzamos•Tocaron -Jugaron -Comenzaron

Modal Verbs Ir+a+infinitive (going to do something) Poder+infinitive (are able to do

something) Querer+infinitive (want to do

something) Deber+infinitive (should do something) Tener que+infinitive (to have to do

something) Soler+infinitive (to be accustomed to…)

Los Adverbios Spanish adverbs are formed by adding –mente to

the feminine singular form of the adjective. Claro» clara»claramente»clearly Perfecto»perfecta»perfectamente»perfectly If it ends in an ‘e’ or a consanant, keep it the same

and add “–mente”. When two adverbs modify the same verb, only the

second one uses the “–mente” ending. First adverb is the same as the feminine singular!

Irregulares: Muco, Muy, Mal, Bastante, Bien, Ya, Tan, Demasiado, Nunca, Poco, Peor, Siempre.

Progressive Tense The Present Progressive- formed by

combining the verb ‘to be’ ,estar, with the present participle (-ing form of a verb). Estoy hablando a ti. Estas nadando en el rio.

The Past (Imperfect) Tense- formed by combining estar with the present participle. Estaba hablando a ti. Estabas nadando en el rio.

Las Cucarachas Andar- Anduv- Estar - Estuv- Poder - Pus- Querer -Quis- Venir - Vin- Decir -Dij- Traer - Traj- Conducir - Conduj- Producir -Produj- Traducir - Traduj-

Yo- e

Tú- iste

Él- o

Nosotros- imos

Ellos- ieron

Drop “I” sound in third person plural

Snake and snakeySnake:

Stem changers

- Dormir:- Dormí- Dormimos- Dormiste- Durmio- Durmieron

o Snakey:o Y Changerso Leer

o Leío Limoso Leisteo Leyoo Leyeron

SPOCK!

→ ←

↓

dar

ser

hacer

ver

irIr/ser:

-fui-fuiste-fue-fuimos-fueron

Dar/ver:-i-iste-io-imos-ieron

Hacer:-hice-hiciste-hizo-hicimos-hicieron

El futuro “Will”Infinitive + -é

-ás

-á

-emos

-án{}

Ejemplo: Tomorrow I will sing.Traduce: Mañana cantaré.

El Futuro Irregulares

Decir Hacer Poner Salir Tener Valer Poder Querer Saber

Dir-Har-Podr-Saldr-Tendr-Vendr-Podr-Quer-Sabr-

→-é-ás-á-emos- éis-án

-Car, -Gar, -Zar

car

gar

zar

→ que

gue

cè

Modal Verbs

Conjugate and pair modal verb without infinitive to get a new meaning: Ir+ a+ infinitive: “Going to do something” Poder +a + infinitive: “ Are able to do something” Querer +a +infinitive: “Want to do something” Deber +a +infinitive: “Should do something” Tener +que + infinitive: “to have to do something” Soler + a+ infinitive: “ To be accustomed to__"

Los Adverbios

Verb + mente! Frequente +mente= frequentemente :D

“frequent+ly= frequently” Feliz + mente= felizimente!

“happy+ ly= happily”

Progressivos!

Present: Progressive is formed by combining the verb “to be” with the present participle ( -ing form of a verb)

Estar+ando/iendo/yendo Examples:

Present: “Estoy hablando a ti”- I am talking to you.

Past: conjugate estar with present participle Examples:

Past: “Estaba hablando a ti”- I was talking to you

Superlatives

La mas- bigger La menos- smaller El mejor- better El menor- worse

Exemplos: Nora Ruiz es la hermana la mas grande y

Rosa Ruiz es la hermana la menos grande. Joel es el mejor atleta. Tim no es tan rapidotan

Joel.

Formal Commands

Irregulars: TVDISHES: Tenga Vea Diga Vaya Haga Sepa Easta Seya

1.Start with the “yo” from of the present indicative.2. Drop the “o” ending3. Add the following endings:

-ar verbs: -e for usd. And –en for usds.

-er and ir verbs: -a for usd. And –an for usds.

Conditional

Used to express possibility, probability, wonder or conjecture and is usually translated as a “would”, “should”, or “could” “ must have” or “probably”.

Infinitive + íaíasíaíamosíaisían

Hablar:

HablaríaHablaríasHablaríaHablaríamosHablaríaishablarían

Preposiciones

Abajo- below Arriba- above Debajo de- underneath Dentro de- inside Encima de- on top of Fuera da- outside

Demonstrativos