light and sound design - basic
TRANSCRIPT
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Lights and Sound
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Lights
4 Major Functions1. See actors
2. Focus audience attention
3. Create a mood
4. Establish interior/exterior light sources
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See actors
• Spot – Direct lighting on an actor that does not
move
• Follow spot– Moveable light that follows an actor around
the stage
• Wash– General lighting that covers an area with
more than one actor
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Focus audience attention
• Spot light– Darkness everywhere except spot
• Dimmer in certain areas of the stage to pull focus to more lit areas
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Create a Mood
• Bright vs. Dark
• Color symbolism
• Happiness
• Eeriness
• Etc.
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Interior/Exterior Light Source
• Sunlight into a room– Windows– doors
• Time of day– Interior or exterior
• Lamp
• Overhead light
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Process
1. Read the script and take notes– Light sources– Affects
• Strobe• Police cars• Etc.
– Time of day – Time of year
• Winter darker than summer
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Process
2. Speak to the director and take notes• Color symbolism• Mood in scenes• Areas of the stage• Locations of set pieces
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Areas of the stage
• Our stage areas
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Equipment
• Lamp -- actual bulb in the light• Fixture -- houses the lamp• Gel -- inserts in front of the light to
change the color or filter the light• Gobo -- gel that projects a certain image• Board -- controls the lights from the
booth
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Process
3. Light Plot
map of lights available in a venue
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Simple Light Plot
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State of the Art Venue
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Process
4. Cue Sheet (also called prompt sheet) -- chart out every moment that lights change
Cue = The moment in the script when the lights change.
Top = beginningUp = onDown = offFade in = slowly come onFade out = slowly turn off
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Example of cue sheet
# Pg. # cue Description of change
1 1 Top of show House lights down; lights up SR
2 1 “get thee to a nunnery”
Fade out SR;
DC Spot
3 2 Transition to scene 2 (Ophelia screams)
Work lights up; full stage wash top of scene 2
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Sound Design
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Major Functions
• Establish Mood
• Provide realistic sound
• Situate the audience in the world of the play
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Establish Mood
• Mostly through music– Pre-show
• Audience will know the vibe of the show before it starts
– Transitions• No dead space• Move feelings from one emotion to the next
– During scenes and at certain moments• Heightens tension• Builds romance
– Helps the audience understand how they should be feeling
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Ben Lovett
http://www.echomountain.net/news/black-rock-movie-out-in-theaters-scored-by-ben-lovett-here-at-echo-mountain-2/
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Provide Realistic Sounds
Doorbell
Door knocking
Phone ringing
Dog barking
Toilet flushing
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Videos
• Foley Artist = Create sound for movie. Not usually used in theatre but provides a good example of sound creating realism.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNvKhe2npMM&noredirect=1
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Situate the audience in the world of the play
• Time Period– Especially with music– Telephone sounds (old school vs. cell)
• Time of Day– Crickets chirping– Birds singing/rooster crowing
• Location– City sounds– Country sounds– School – Office – hospital
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Wall-E
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSf8Er2gV_Q
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Process
1. Read the script and take notes– Time period– Time of day– Locations– Realistic sounds
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Process
2. Talk to the director and take notes• Mood• Transitions• Music• Pre-show
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Process
3. Cue Sheet - Similar to lighting cue sheet
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Cue # Page # Cue in script Description of change
1 1 Top of show Fade out pre-show; fade in Mozart track 1
2 1 “get thee to a nunnery”
OS - sound of glass breaking
Affects Track 1
3 2 (Ophelia crosses to C)
Door knocking - Affects track 2
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How to acquire sound
• CD’s– Music– Sound affects
• Internet– Youtube– Pay sites
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Activity
• Create a WWW for a lighting term or a sound term
(spot, follow spot, wash, gel, gobo, cue, fade, foley artist)
• Create either a sound or a light cue sheet for the provided scene– Cue sheet must have at least four cues.– Be creative; make choices.