Listening Effectively

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Hearing vs. Listening►Hearing – the biological process that

occurs when the brain detects sound waves.

►Listening – the process of receiving, attending to, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages.*

*International Listening Association, 1996, @http://www .listen.org/

(accessed March 2, 2007). 2

Chapter Sections►Five different types of listening

►Improving your listening skills

►Guidelines for providing a constructive and ethical speech critique

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Chapter Section 1

Five Different Types of Listening

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Types of Listening►Empathic –

to be a sounding board to help a friend sort through feelings.

►Comprehensive –to understand, remember, and recall what has been said.

►Critical –to evaluate the worth of a message.

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Types of Listening (cont.)►Appreciative –

to enjoy the thoughts and experiences of others.

►Discriminative –to understand the speaker’s meaning conveyed beyond the words themselves.

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Chapter Section 2

Improving Your Listening Skills

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The Five Steps of Effective Listening►Attending,

►Understanding,

►Remembering,

►Evaluating, and

►Responding to the message.8

Discovery Channel / Everett Collection

Attending to the SpeechAttending - paying attention to what the speaker is saying regardless of extraneous interferences.

●Get physically ready to listen,●Resist mental distractions while you

listen,●Suspend judgment while you hear the

speaker out, and●Identify the benefits of attending to the

speaker’s words.9

Understanding and Remembering►Understanding – the ability to assign

accurate meaning to what was said.

►Remembering – to be able to retain and recall information we have heard.

►To facilitate understanding and remembering - good listening techniques should be employed.

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Five Listening Techniques

►Determine the speaker’s organization,

►Ask questions,

►Silently paraphrase key information,

►Observe nonverbal cues, and

►Take good notes.11

Evaluating and Responding

►Evaluating - to critically analyze what is said to determine its truthfulness, utility, and trustworthiness.

►Responding - to provide feedback to the speaker about what is being said.

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Effective vs. Ineffective Listening

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Chapter Section Three

Guidelines for Constructive Critiques

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Four Guidelines for Constructive Critique►Communicate specific observations,►Begin with positive observations

before stating constructive criticisms,►Explain how and why the observed

behavior affected the speech, and►Using “I” rather than “you” language,

so you make it clear you are expressing your perception and not some absolute “Truth.” 14

Content of Speech

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Structure of Speech

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Delivery of Speech

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Do a Constructive Critique

19In Slide Show Mode, click on the box to view the video.

Websites►Listening process

http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/kline-listen/b10ch3.htm

►Listener etiquette

http://www.nvcc.edu/home/npeck/spd100/etiquette.htm 20