local initiatives for e-government (l.i.f.e)

Local Initiatives for E-Government

(L.I.F.E)( )IT Pilot ProjectIT Pilot Project

Dadang SolihinINDONESIAINDONESIA

Advanced International Training Programme of Information Technology ManagementKarlstad-Sweden, 26 September 2005

Dadang holds a MA degree (Economics), University of Dadang Solihin’s ProfileDadang Solihin’s Profileg g ( ) y

Colorado, USA. His previous post is Head, Center for Research Data and Information at DPD Secretariat General as well as Deputy Director for Information of Spatial Planning and Land Use Management at Indonesian National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas).

Beside working as Assistant Professor at Graduate School of Asia-Beside working as Assistant Professor at Graduate School of AsiaPacific Studies, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, he also active as Associate Professor at University of Darma Persada, Jakarta, Indonesia.

He got various training around the globe included the Training Seminar on He got various training around the globe, included the Training Seminar on Land Use and Management, Taiwan (2004); Developing Multimedia Applications for Managers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2003); Applied Policy Development Training Vancouver Canada (2002); Local GovernmentDevelopment Training, Vancouver, Canada (2002); Local Government Administration Training Course, Hiroshima, Japan (2001); and Regional Development and Planning Training Course, Sapporo, Japan (1999). He published more than five books regarding local autonomous. pub s ed o e a e boo s ega d g oca au o o ous

You can reach Dadang Solihin by email at [email protected] or by his mobile at +62812 932 2202

dadang-solihin.blogspot.com 2

dadangdadang--solihin.blogspot.comsolihin.blogspot.com 3

BackgroundBackground

• What is E-Government?• What is E-Government?

• Why E-Government is Important?• Why E-Government is Important?

• Why Public Access is Important to the Success of E-Government?

• Why Public Access is Important to the Success of E-Government?

• What is the LIFE Model?• What is the LIFE Model?


What is E Government?What is E-Government?The use of information and communication technologiesThe use of information and communication technologies• The use of information and communication technologies to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability of the government.

• The use of information and communication technologies to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability of the government.

• The ability to transform relations with citizens, businesses, and other parts of the government.

• The ability to transform relations with citizens, businesses, and other parts of the government.

• Better delivery of government services to citizens, improve interactions with business and industry, citizens

h i f i

• Better delivery of government services to citizens, improve interactions with business and industry, citizens

h i f iempowerment trough access to information, or more efficient government management.empowerment trough access to information, or more efficient government management.

• Less corruption, increased transparency, greater convenience, revenue growth, cost reductions.

• Less corruption, increased transparency, greater convenience, revenue growth, cost reductions.


Why E-Government is Important?Why E Government is Important?

1 Governance reform increased transparency1 Governance reform increased transparency1. Governance reform, increased transparency and citizen participation are best supported through:

1. Governance reform, increased transparency and citizen participation are best supported through: Increased communication and information sharing

capability of local government• Horizontally, between Kabupaten Governments

Increased communication and information sharing capability of local government• Horizontally, between Kabupaten Governmentsy, p• Vertically, to and from citizens and national agencies

Availability of streamlined, on-demand services Ed cation and economic empo erment of local

y, p• Vertically, to and from citizens and national agencies

Availability of streamlined, on-demand services Ed cation and economic empo erment of local Education and economic empowerment of local

citizenry, resulting in better informed participatory decision making

Education and economic empowerment of local citizenry, resulting in better informed participatory decision making

2. E-Government offers all these benefits at low cost/benefit ratio

2. E-Government offers all these benefits at low cost/benefit ratio


Why Public Access is Important to the Success of E-Government?

1 P idi t k i f t t l l f t1 P idi t k i f t t l l f t1. Providing network infrastructure solely for government use is ineffective in promoting significant reform as long as government’s key constituency –citizens - are unable

1. Providing network infrastructure solely for government use is ineffective in promoting significant reform as long as government’s key constituency –citizens - are unable g y yto access the enhanced services. Inhibiting factors:

g y yto access the enhanced services. Inhibiting factors:

• 1% Internet penetration, 3% telephone penetration• Poor fixed line infrastructure• High cost of service

• 1% Internet penetration, 3% telephone penetration• Poor fixed line infrastructure• High cost of service

Wartel, Warnet use outstrips private use by more than 10:1 ratio

2 Public Access is the only practical alternative for

Wartel, Warnet use outstrips private use by more than 10:1 ratio

2 Public Access is the only practical alternative for2. Public Access is the only practical alternative for providing low cost citizen access to E-Gov services.

2. Public Access is the only practical alternative for providing low cost citizen access to E-Gov services.


What is the LIFE Model?

The best model for providing e-Government infrastructure and The best model for providing e-Government infrastructure and The best model for providing e Government infrastructure and public access in kabupatens.

Multipurpose Telecenters (MTC) have proven successful in a number of developing nations

The best model for providing e Government infrastructure and public access in kabupatens.

Multipurpose Telecenters (MTC) have proven successful in a number of developing nationsp g

MTC services commonly include, under one roof, the following:p g

MTC services commonly include, under one roof, the following:4. ISP Services1. Public telephone access

6. Complementary revenue streams (food & beverages, HW/SW sales, etc)

3. Business Services (Photocopy, call enter, etc)

5. On site Education and Training2. Public Internet Access

( g )( py )

The LIFE Model also include: • An e-Government services module, and on-site facilitator.• A central portal/data support and content aggregation mechanism to

The LIFE Model also include: • An e-Government services module, and on-site facilitator.• A central portal/data support and content aggregation mechanism toA central portal/data support and content aggregation mechanism to

facilitate citizen access to local, regional, and national e-government services.

A central portal/data support and content aggregation mechanism to facilitate citizen access to local, regional, and national e-government services.


What is the Promise of LIFE Model?What is the Promise of LIFE Model?

To KabupatensTo Kabupatens To Private Sector To Private Sector To National To National To Local Strategic To Local Strategic

• Government office LAN & Server infrastructure for

• Access to startup capital

• Channel for distribution of e-

• Capacity Development• Input to decision • Capacity Development• Input to decision

To KabupatensTo Kabupatens Partner(s)Partner(s) Agency PartnerAgency Partner Partner(s)Partner(s)

infrastructure for interdepartmental communication and information handling.

• Effective channel for communication with

• Stable, influential local partner

• Human resources, socialization & market

government initiatives.

• Revenue to support new e-government

making• Revenue to fund

collateral programs

making• Revenue to fund

collateral programscommunication with local citizens.

• Reduced, or free, cost of connectivity + revenue.A t t

soc a at o & a etopening support

• Multiple revenue stream business model

initiatives.• Data on e-

government use, economic

• Access to expert human resources, without having to staff.

• Access to support &

model• Excellent opportunity

to add additional revenue streams through brokerage &

development, etc.

ppconsultation in implementing e-government initiatives.

through brokerage & distributorship


The ScopeThe Scope

10 Kabupatens/Municipalities as pilot projects 10 Kabupatens/Municipalities as pilot projects p p p p j(0.25% of total Kabupatens in Indonesia), based on criteria selection:

p p p p j(0.25% of total Kabupatens in Indonesia), based on criteria selection:

Pro-reform executive Leadership Relatively not-rich Kabupaten Pro-reform executive Leadership Relatively not-rich Kabupaten Presence of active NGO Potential synergy with other relative Initiatives Civil service reform

Presence of active NGO Potential synergy with other relative Initiatives Civil service reform Civil service reform Demonstrated reform commitment Civil service reform Demonstrated reform commitment


Quality Objectives

Project Performance Quality ControlQuality Standards

1 E t i E t ti i ti Th bli ti i t i1. E-govt can improve citizen participation in public affairs.

• E-govt = participation• E-govt ≠ automation

The public participate in:• Commenting in e-govt

plan.Retrieving information• Retrieving information.

• Participating in dialogues.2. Improve government

f• Volume of transactions

h dl d l t i ll• % of public service

id d l t i llperformance handled electronically• Response time to

inquiries• Length of trouble free

provided electronically.• Number of new services

delivered electronically.• % of territorial area• Length of trouble-free

operation• % of territorial area

covered.3. Impact of e-govt

applications• % of people accessing

service electronically• Reduction in the cost for

citizensapplications service electronically.• Reduction in the day to

deliver services.

citizens.• Reduction in the cost for

government.


Organization and Other StakeholdersOrganization and Other Stakeholders

• 10 Kabupatens Government• Local strategic partners could include:• 10 Kabupatens Government• Local strategic partners could include:Local strategic partners could include:

NGO’s, Women’s groups, service agencies etc

Local strategic partners could include: NGO’s, Women’s groups, service agencies etcagencies, etc

• National agency partner could include: agencies, etc

• National agency partner could include: IPTEKNET/BPPT, Wasantara/Telkom, National Development Planning Agency,IPTEKNET/BPPT, Wasantara/Telkom, National Development Planning Agency,National Development Planning Agency, Ministry of Home Affairs, etcNational Development Planning Agency, Ministry of Home Affairs, etc


Organization and Other StakeholdersNational Advisory Board

Steering Committee

Advantages

• Enhance stakeholders’ ownership of the project.

• Head of BAPPENAS• Echelon 1 of MoHA, MoF, etc.• Parliament members• Civil society representatives• Donor/lender agencies

• Increase opportunity to utilize several dissemination channels (e.g., NGO and press

t k liti l tig

• Business associations

Implementing Committee

network, political parties, business community)

• Central level governmental agency can

• Echelon 2 of Bapennas, MoHA, MoF, etc.

• NGO representatives

concentrate on policy making and instilling the project values to provincial and local

National Project Secretariat

• National Team Leader• Experts

government officials• Project Secretariat has

clear targets and milestones and autonomy

Regional Secretariat

Kabupaten Office

Provincial Government

Kabupaten GovernmentLocal Civil Society

milestones and autonomy to achieve them


Communication

Organization Unit Memberships Responsibility AccountabilitySteering Committee (SC) National

• Balance memberships of civil society and

• Provide policy objectives and targets of the project

Report to public and each superior(SC) - National

Advisory Boardof civil society and gov’t representatives

• Chaired by Head of Bappenas

targets of the project• Provide overall guidelines to

the implementation of the project

and each superior

Implementation Committee (IC) -National Advisory Board

Balance memberships of civil society and government representatives

• Determine milestones and targets of the project

• Monitor project implementation and provide

Report to the SC on annual/ semester basis

Board representatives implementation and provide insight of the national issues and policies

National Project Lead Consultant Coordinates Preparation and Report to the IC Secretariat (NPS) Pilot Project Phases. on monthly basis

Regional Project Secretariat (RPS)

Project Consultants Provide specific project support services during Deployment Phase

Report to the NPS on monthly basis

Phase.

Kabupaten Office (KO)

Local Consultants Provide on site consultation and community education

Report to the RPS on biweekly/ monthly basis


Basic Options for Supporting Deployment p pp g p yof Public Access and E-government Services

1. Funding for public sector community access and local t i f t t

1. Funding for public sector community access and local t i f t tgovernment infrastructure.

2 Funding for private sector retail access services

government infrastructure.

2 Funding for private sector retail access services2. Funding for private sector retail access services.

3. Funding for public sector/private sector partnership to

2. Funding for private sector retail access services.

3. Funding for public sector/private sector partnership to g p p p pprovide community access, retail services, and local government ICT infrastructure.

g p p p pprovide community access, retail services, and local government ICT infrastructure.


How Would a Public Sector/Private Sector Partnership be Structured?

• Borrower provides: equity funds to Kabupatens, national agency and local strategic partner(s).Kabupaten/public stakeholders provide: equity and facility with• Kabupaten/public stakeholders provide: equity, and facility with power supply, to private sector partner to fund startup costs.

• Private sector partner provides $100,000 bond to fund operating it lcapital.

• Equity Structure Private sector partner(s) 60% Kabupaten government 30-35% Kabupaten government 30-35% National agency 5% Local strategic partner(s) 1-5%g p ( ) %


How Should LIFE be Implemented ?Pilot Project Phase

(Month 6-9)Full Deployment

(Month 10-Project End)Preparation Phase

(Month 1-3)1. Ongoing award and

implementation process for duration of project or until 10 Kabupatens served.

1. Sign formal partnership agreements

2. Prepare sites and deploy infrastructure

1. Establishment of legal structure 2. Negotiate content delivery

platform issues3. Develop content aggregation

(Month 6 9) (Month 10 Project End)(Month 1 3)

2. Ongoing integration of national e-government initiatives.

3. Ongoing development and aggregation of local content.

4 O i d h i

3. Train local consultants4. Begin data gathering & local

government services integration process

3. Develop content aggregation platform

4. Begin content aggregation – e-government applications

5. Design training program for local 4. Ongoing data gathering on

governance impact, social impact, economic impact.

5. Project review.

5. Begin socialization & PR campaign

6. Pre-operational testing7. Business opens, beginning of 90

d d t th i i d

consultants6. Assist the borrower to:

a. Create Kabupaten eligibility guidelines & publicize

day data gathering period8. Evaluation of logistical & HR

experiences of deployment period

9 Evaluation of operational period

b. Create deliverables information

c. Create and distribute info to private sector

d Issue request for proposals 9. Evaluation of operational period and evaluation of pilot performance

10. Recommendations for full scale rollout

d. Issue request for proposals (RFP) to Kabupatens & private sector

e. Evaluate proposals & Kabupaten eligibility

11. RFP process conducted again, informed by pilot experiences

12. Tender process to choose project consultants to provide ongoing HR t t ti t

p g y


HR, content aggregation support, gather impact data, etc.

Role of Lead Consultant in Preparation Phasep

1. Establish legal structure2. Create content delivery platform1. Establish legal structure2. Create content delivery platform2. Create content delivery platform3. Create content aggregation format4. Begin content aggregation process – e-government applications5. Design training program for local consultants

2. Create content delivery platform3. Create content aggregation format4. Begin content aggregation process – e-government applications5. Design training program for local consultants5. Design training program for local consultants6. Assist borrower to:

– Create & distribute project information documents to potential stake holders– create RFP and evaluate proposals

5. Design training program for local consultants6. Assist borrower to:

– Create & distribute project information documents to potential stake holders– create RFP and evaluate proposalsp p

7. Oversee site preparation & deployment8. Train first local consultants (for pilot project locations)9. Provide local e-government services integration plan

p p7. Oversee site preparation & deployment8. Train first local consultants (for pilot project locations)9. Provide local e-government services integration plang g p10. Provide socialization plan + support materials11. Coordinate data gathering process during pilot operations phase12. Work with borrower to evaluate pilot project success and creation of full-

g g p10. Provide socialization plan + support materials11. Coordinate data gathering process during pilot operations phase12. Work with borrower to evaluate pilot project success and creation of full-p p j

scale deployment recommendations13. Assist borrower in creating deployment phase RFP and tender for

deployment phase project consultants

p p jscale deployment recommendations

13. Assist borrower in creating deployment phase RFP and tender for deployment phase project consultants


Role of Project Consultants in Deployment Phase

1. Consultancy services in the full deployment phase are limited in scope and can be cost effectively tendered to

1. Consultancy services in the full deployment phase are limited in scope and can be cost effectively tendered to p ya variety of firms.

2 Provide training to local consultants

p ya variety of firms.

2 Provide training to local consultants2. Provide training to local consultants

3. Work with national agency to coordinate ongoing

2. Provide training to local consultants

3. Work with national agency to coordinate ongoing g y g gcontent aggregation and management

4 S t b i it i & l ti

g y g gcontent aggregation and management

4 S t b i it i & l ti4. Support borrower in program monitoring & evaluation4. Support borrower in program monitoring & evaluation


Role of Local Consultants in Deployment Phase

To effectively socialize ICT use within the community, support local government in successfully adopting technology accelerate market

CIC C it I f ti C lt t

government in successfully adopting technology, accelerate market penetration, and produce / aggregate locally relevant content, funding should be provided for the following MTC staffing:

CIC – Community Information Consultant• Provides local government with technical consultation & maintains

government LAN• Provides citizen groups, SME, etc. with e-government services training & g p g g

consultation

CTEC – Community Technology Education Consultant• Teaches on site technical related education courses• Provides consultation to SME, institutions, etc on appropriate applications,

workplace technical integration, etc.

CCM – Community Content ManagerCC Co u ty Co te t a age• Produces, manages and aggregates content of interest to local users• Coordinates content sharing with Lead & Project consultants, and National

Agency.


Estimated Project Costj

A ti it C tActivity CostEquity funds to Kabupatens US$ 1,000,000

10 Kabupatensx$100 00010 Kabupatensx$100,000Lead Consultant Costs (Preparation & Pilot phases) +/- US$ 750,000Project Consultant Costs (Deployment Phase) +/- US$ 200,000Local Consultant Costs (Deployment Phase) +/- US$ 250,000

10 Kabupatens x 3 positions x 2 yearsSalary Rp. 2 mil/month + benefits

Incidental Costs +/- US$ 50,000TOTAL PROJECTED COST +/- US$ 2 250 000TOTAL PROJECTED COST +/- US$ 2,250,000


The RisksResponse Response

1. Resources are scarce.

ill-conceived e-govt plans can be a costly

Understand the basic reasons for pursuing/

Prepare the resources and political will.

Identification ConsequencesResponse

DevelopmentResponse

Control

mistake, financially and politically.

not pursuing e-govt.

2. Have no clear vision and priorities

E-govt will refer to many different things

Encourage stakeholders to

• Make the vision citizen-centeredand priorities. many different things. stakeholders to

participate in defining the vision.

citizen centered.• Communicate the

vision.

3. The stakeholders E-govt will not running Share information with Prepare the are not ready yet. well. the public and across

the govt agencies.infrastructure, legal framework, human capital, etc.

4 Not enough political E-govt will not be Find active political • Motivate political4. Not enough political will.

E govt will not be sustained.

Find active political leadership, financial resources, inter-agency coordination, human effort etc

Motivate political leaders.

• Sustain leadership.

effort, etc.

5. Resistances from within the Government.

Civil servants refuse to adopt the new procedures.

To understand the reasons why officials resist.

Identify the most likely sources of resistance and devise plan to

th


overcome them.

Thank You
