logic final presentation

7/31/2019 Logic Final Presentation

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FINAL PRESENTATION

LOGICBEHINDTHE SYSTEMS

Submitted by:-

Kamran Moazzam (L1F10BBAM2171)

Ameer Hamza (L1F10BBAM2329)

Ambeel Pasha (L1F10BBAM0345)

Haziq Tahir (L1F09BBAM0055)

Submitted to:-Prof. Umer Shaoor


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CAPITALISM

Economic system in which most of the means of production are

privately owned, and production is guided and income distributed

largely through the operation of markets.

Capitalism as we all know is an economic system of producingwealth in which the wealth is privately owned. In capitalism, the

land, labor, and capital are owned and operated by private

individuals who are trading for one purpose that is, the generation

of more income or profits in a legitimate way without force or

fraud, by singly or jointly, and investments, distribution, income,

production, pricing and supply of goods, commodities and servicesare determined by voluntary private decision in a market economy.


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HISTORYOF CAPITALISM

Concept of Capitalism originated in 13th-16th century.

Adam Smith, an economic and political philosopherfrom Scotland, was the first to systematically describe theworkings of the market system (capitalism). He did notinvent it; instead, his genius came in being able torecognize and explain the market forces (supply anddemand, competition, profit motive) guiding and regulatingthe economy. For doing this he is called the "Father ofCapitalism". The book he wrote about capitalism, entitled"An Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations", was published in1776.

Capitalism has been dominant in the Western world since the end

of mercantilism


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TYPESOF CAPITALISM

Mercantilism

Free-market capitalismSocial market economy

State capitalism

Corporate capitalism

Mixed economy


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PROSAND CONSOFCAPITALISMPros:

You are free to make your own choices (right or wrong) in the market place.

You own your life and the means to produce for your life.You can choose to run your own business or get a job with ease ofgovernment regulation.

As a consumer, you get the highest quality of products for the cheapestprices.

As a consumer, you get the highest variety of the types of goods and servicesyou can purchase.

You are free to innovate and invent without the government getting in yourway.

You don't have to pay taxes beyond that of the basics to protect your rights(police, courts, national defense, etc).

You vote with your dollars. If you don't like a particular store, you canalways shop somewhere else.

You have the right to own property, which comes with the right to develop itas you choose.

You have the right to earn as much money as you want without having toanswer to the government.

Capitalism has given the highest standards of living this earth has ever seenand no other system has ever been able to do this

Capitalism recognizes your right to pursuit of life, liberty and property.


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CONS:

There really arent any cons for capitalism. The only cons come

from people that want to be able to tell people what to do or how

to live their life. In capitalism, people are allowed to make their

own choices, good or bad, and this seems to bother some that

think they have the right to tell others how to live their life. As a

capitalist they feel unfortunate that people do sleep on the streets,

but they can't feel bad for people that make the conscious choiceto stick a needle full of heroine into their veins. Everyone is

given the same level playing field and everyone can play.


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JAINISM

An ascetic religion of India, that teaches the

immortality and transmigration of the soul and deniesthe existence of a perfect or Supreme Being.


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HISTORYOF JAINISM

An old religion

Originated in India in 6th century BC

Followed by 3 - 4 million people mostly in IndiaNon-violence is the hallmark of this spiritualdiscipline

Little amount of world recourse

Followers known as Jains

Ultimate goal


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JAINISMAS RELIGION:Jainism is based on the teachings of its founder Mahavira. He

says that if you want to achieve enlightenment then you must

follow the following teachings:

Non-violence (do not harm others)

Truthfulness (do not lie)

Non-stealing

No sexual pleasure

Non-materialism (poverty)


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COMMUNISM

Communism is a society in which wealth and products aredistributed equally to everyone.

Communism is the political concept of having a completelyclassless society. An extreme form of socialism wherethere is no central government, all people are equal nomatter what background they have & all resources areshared.


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PROSANDCONS

Pros :1) everyone is treated equally

2) everyone is employed

3) very little crime because of strict laws


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COMMUNISMCONS :Everything belongs to the government

No rights or freedoms

Strict laws enforced on the people

Street cleaner gets paid the same amount as a doctor! Jobs are nightmares.

No public rights.

The government decides on what the people can have,rather than what they want.

Most all businesses are owned and controlled by thegovernment.

Everybody is working, and most have nothing.


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SOCIALISM

Socialism is a political term applied to an economicsystem in which property is held in common and notindividually, and relationships are governed by a politicalhierarchy.

Individuals in positions of authority make decisions in thename of the collective group.


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HISTORYANDORIGIN

Concept originated in 1830-40

Main idea was given by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels

Marx and Engels developed a body of ideas which theycalled scientific socialism, more commonly called Marxism

Presented idea in First international (The International

Workingmen's Association (IWA)

Socialist groups supported diverse views of socialism andideas travel to Paris Commune and second international ..


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TYPESOFSOCIALISM

Anarchism

Marxian socialism

RevisionismState socialism

Syndicalism

Utopian socialism

Communism


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PROSAND CONESOF SOCIALISMPros:-

Social Equality: Public education is an example ofattempting to equalize the minimum education for allpeople.

Economic Equality: Minimum wage, food stamps, socialsecurity, and public housing are just some ways to reduce

absolute poverty.Medical Equality: Socialized healthcare means thateveryone receives the same minimum healthcare, even ifunemployed and unable to pay for medical needs.

Political Equality: Socialism increases workers rights and

is more likely to allow more than only two dominate politicalparties.


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CONS:-Higher Cost: Obviously socialism has a higher cost andtaxes are high in socialistic countries. Socialistic countriestend to have a much higher debt ratio per citizen.

Less Entrepreneurships: Higher taxes means it is muchharder for entrepreneurs to start new companies and/or

restrict existing companies from being very dynamic

Less Rags-to-Riches: Socialism reduces the desire of thepoorest people to work harder, get a higher education, andinnovate, since they are guaranteed a minimum standardof comfortable living. As a result, fewer people that are

born poor become rich.


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ISLAM

Islam means submission toAllah

(God). Islam, a name given tothis religion is an Arabic word which literally means obedience

and peace. ISLAM is derived from the Arabic root "SALEMA":

peace, purity, submission and obedience


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HISTORY

Islam was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Peace Be

Upon Him

Lived from 570 CE to 632 CE in Mecca in modern-day SaudiArabia.

Claims to be the restoration of original monotheism and truthand thus supersedes both Judaism and Christianity

Stresses submission to Allah and conformity to the "fivepillars" or disciplines of that religion as essential for salvation

The second-largest religion in the world, with over 1 billionfollowers.

A monotheistic faith founded Muhammad Peace Be UponHim in 7th-century Saudi Arabia

The angel Gabriel appeared to Muhammad Peace Be UponHim , a camel driver, in a mountain cave and delivered amessage from the one true God.


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FIVE PILLARSOF ISLAM:The Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, consideredobligatory for all believers.

the shahadah (creed)

daily prayers (salat) almsgiving (zakah)

fasting during Ramadan

the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime.


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DEMOCRACY

Democracy is the Greek word which means popular

government. It is a political system in which the supremepower line in a body of citizens who can elect people torepresent them


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HISTORY

Ancient Athens are the Co Founders

Originated in 508 BC

Decision supported by Village Elders or other cooperativemode of Government


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PROSAND CONSOF DEMOCRACY

Pros:-

Occur changes in government without Violence

Power only be transfer by Elections

Only general of Country has right to elect theParliamentarians

Opinions and directions are appreciated

Belongings towards Society


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CONS :-

According to General observation, some people of countryare not fully aware of the political scenario

Wrong decisions by CitizensRepresentatives will not focus on Long term Benefits


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BUDDHISM

Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing avariety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based onteachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonlyknown as the Buddha


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HISTORY

An old religionBuddhism originated in Nepal in 26 centuries ago.

Buddhism is one of the dominant religions of Asia.

There are about 350 million, which makes Buddhism thefourth largest of the world's religions.


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BUDDHA'SLIFE

Siddhartha Gautama

Born in approximately 560 B.C. In northern India.

He was the son of a ruler of Nepal.

Gautama was surrounded with pleasures and wealth.


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BUDDHISMAS RELIGION

Meditation and observance of moral precepts are thefoundation of Buddhist practice.

Forgiveness, gentleness, tolerance, harmlessness andpeace are well known trademarks of Buddhism

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