low carbon building in malaysia (update 2014) @ bcck
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LOW CARBON BUILDING IN MALAYSIA[affordable and practical way to reduce carbon in building sector]
GREEN BUILDINGS & PARKS WORLD 2014
Kuching, Sarawak 03 Dec 2014
Steve Anthony LojuntinDeputy Director Energy Efficiency Division
Sustainable Energy Development Authority @ SEDA Malaysia
Tel / SMS / Whatsup :+6019-2829102 Email: [email protected] / [email protected]
Download at http://www.slideshare.net / asetip
GLOBAL PROBLEM - CLIMATE CHANGE, GHG
PROBLEM!
CLIMATE CHANGE
IS THE PROBLEM
SOLUTION!
GREEN
TECHNOLOGY AND IS THE PROBLEM
[MAINLY CAUSED
BY GREEN HOUSE
GASES (GHG)]
TECHNOLOGY AND
GREEN LIVING IS
THE SOLUTION
GHG : Carbon dioxide, Methane, NOx, SOx, CFC, etc
Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
Malaysia Commitment
2010 : Green Technology Policy to support green and low carbon development
Green technology is the development and application of products, equipment, and systems used to conserve the natural environment and resources, which minimises and reduces the negative impact of human activities
� Minimises the degradation of the environment.� Minimises the degradation of the environment.
� It has zero or low green house (GHG) emission.
� It safe for use and promotes healthy and improvedenvironment for all forms of life
� It conserves the uses of energy and natural resources; and
� It promotes the use of renewable resources.
Download copy @ www.kettha.gov.my
Low Carbon Development in Malaysia
More People Living in Urban Areas/Cities
Population Malaysia
18 million (1990) to 27.6 million (2010) - increase by 53%
(Source: Census Data, 2010)(Source: Census Data, 2010)
Urbanization Rate
• 27% in 1960, 42% in 1990, 54% in 1994, 61.8% (2000) for
Malaysia, 65.4% (2000) for West Malaysia
• Expected to grow to 75% by 2020 (Source: RFN 2001)
Energy
• Energy Consumption – 61,279 metric tons (2005)
(40% transportation & 40% industrial)
• Energy Produced – 99,917 metric tons (2005)
• 2006 – CO2 emission – 187 million tons 7.2 metric tons/person
• 2004 – 5.9 metric tons/World 4.4 metric tons/person Info from Malaysia Inst. Of Planners (Mdm Norliza)
People will use more energy & resources
SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK
Governance
Economy Services
Transport & Mobility
Natural & Built Environment
SUSTAINABLE TOWNSHIP
Community Well Being
Equality & Diversity
Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities
Low Carbon Cities Framework
CARBON ASSESSMENT MurniNet / MurniNet /
LIVABILITY INDEX
MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)
PERFORMANCE BASED STANDARD
KEY ELEMENTS
GREEN
NEIGHBOURHOOD
GUIDELINES (GNG)
BuildingsUrban
InfrastructureUrban
Transportation Urban
Environment
Performance Criteria for GHG Reductions for Cities
• Urban Environment
• Urban Transportation
• Urban Infrastructure
• Urban Environment (20)
• Urban Transportation (8)
• Urban Infrastructure (7)
• Urban Environment (5)
• Urban Transportation (4)
• Urban Infrastructure (4)
8
• Urban Infrastructure
• Building
• Urban Infrastructure (7)
• Building (7)
• Urban Infrastructure (4)
• Building (2)
Save Green Save Future
8
Performance Criteria are measurable strategies to reduce carbon emission through:-- Policy control, Technological development, better process & product management, change in procurement system, carbon capture, consumption strategies & others.
Chances to reduce carbon emission
Building sector has the higher chances to reduce carbon emission in a township
General Green Building System
LOW CARBON BUILDING(Malaysia)
1. Energy
Alternative
initiative
� PRIVATE INITIATIVE �
Conventional Green Building System
2. Water
3. Indoor environment
4. Waste
Gov. Initiatives
- SEDA’s Low Carbon
Building Guide
- GreenPASS (CIDB)
Brief about Green Building
Green Technology Involved- Energy - Indoor Environment
Green Habits / Thinking- Awareness / Responsibility- Procurement
Green / Sustainable / Low Carbon Buildings
- Indoor Environment- Water Management- Material used- Site construction-
- Procurement- Operation & Maintenance- Recycling
• Low Carbon Building is similar to the conventional green building system which promotes uses of green technology and green habits to reduce the degradation of the environment.
• Use Carbon as metric for quantitative references to
What are the Low Carbon buildings
• Use Carbon as metric for quantitative references to achieve the actual environment impact and not based on points collected.
• A performance based: Does not address and assess on how to design a building. Only measure and assess the actual carbon reduction.
• Straight forward, flexible, transparent, easy to implement, consistance, easy to monitor since based on actual performance. Measurable, recordable, comparable, justifiable, can be monitor and easy to proof.
What are the Low Carbon buildings
monitor and easy to proof.
• Cheaper and affordable since it is straight forward and focus only the relevant criteria that have high impact (lower $$$/CO2 reduction cost).
• Global trend - Relevant and gain popularity at international level.
Carbon Exist in every processes
Building
Pre -
Design
Mostly addressed by
most conventional Tools
[Embodied CO2 footprint]
~ 20%
Carbon emission in a life cycle of a building
Important Fact !
Building
Lifecycle Use, Management &
Maintenance
[Higher Operational CO2
footprint]
From Energy Usage !!
80%
FACT! Most of the CO2e emission is during the operation phase !!
ENERGY MANAGEMENT to tackle the source of the CO2 emission
Relation between use of energy and the environment
0.747 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula Malaysia)
Kawasan 2011
Semenanjung Malaysia 0.747 kg CO2 / kwj
Sarawak 0.841 kg CO2 / kwj
Sabah 0.531 kg CO2 / kwj
Sumber: Laporan Penanda Aras Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Malaysia
2011 oleh Malaysian Green Technology Corporation
Examples of Energy Efficient / Low Carbon Building by the government.CATALYS FOR GREEN BUILDING IN MALAYSIA
2007 2004 2010
Net BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
GBI : Silver (2011)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
Net BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
GBI : Silver (2011)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
Net BEI = 63 (70% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
GBI & GreenMark : Platinum (2011)
ASEAN EA : 2012
Net BEI = 63 (70% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
GBI & GreenMark : Platinum (2011)
ASEAN EA : 2012
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
GBI : Certified (2009)
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
GBI : Certified (2009)
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011
Plug
loads/others
20%
Tenaga
Use of energy in commercial buildings
Central A/C
55%
Split A/C
7%
Lighting
18%
Source: Energy Audit inGovernment Buildings (2003) by Pusat Tenaga Malaysia / GreenTech Malaysia
Tenaga
Example of Energy Used in an Industrial
Building
Energy
Understand the Building Load Profile & tackle the Base Load
Typical Daily Load Profile
250
300
350
400
450
Po
wer
Dem
an
d [k
W]
���� VARIABLE LOAD ����
0
50
100
150
200
17/0
1/2
008 0
1:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
2:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
3:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
4:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
5:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
6:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
7:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
8:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 0
9:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
0:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
1:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
2:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
3:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
4:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
5:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
6:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
7:1
5
17/0
1/2
008 1
8:0
0
17/0
1/2
008 1
9:0
0
17/0
1/2
008 2
0:0
0
17/0
1/2
008 2
1:0
0
17/0
1/2
008 2
2:0
0
17/0
1/2
008 2
3:0
0
18/0
1/2
008 0
0:0
0
18/0
1/2
008 0
1:0
0
Po
wer
Dem
an
d [k
W]
���� BASE LOAD (24 hrs) ����
���� VARIABLE LOAD ����
Low Carbon Building Assessment System - GreenPASS by CIDB (CIS 20 : 2012)
GreenPASS is a Performance
Based Assessment System for
Building
Green PASS assessment is 100% based on actual carbon emission from
building construction and / or operations
Building
Applied for :
1) Building Construction; 2) Building Operations
GreenPASS Carbon Reduction Assessment System
Level of Achievement
(% of CO2e Reduction)
Assessment Scheme
for existing buildings
Assessment Scheme
for new buildings
(without bonus)*(with bonus)
100% Carbon Neutral
+
+
≥ 70 to < 100
≥ 50 to < 70
≥ 30 to < 50
≥ 10 to < 30
≥ 1 to < 10
+
+
+
+
+* Bonus ONLY applicable for Building Construction Category – 70% IBS Score, 3 Star SHASSIC Rating, 70% QLASSIC Score
Energy Efficient Buildings Development Process
OPERATIONAL CARBON ≡ OPERATIONAL ENERGY
USING ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Sustainable Low Carbon Building Method- By SEDA Malaysia
- Developed based on series of R&D, pilot projects, studies and continuosactual building performance monitoring since 2002.
- The Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance are mostly refer to the technology, applications and management that has impact to the Energy and Environment related to building operation & services
a) Design : Sustainable Energy (Energy Efficiency & a) Design : Sustainable Energy (Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy) & Water Management.
b) Office appliances
c) Operation: Energy & Environment management in the O&M.
d) Renovation / retrofits
e) Other - Paper and water recycling- Indoor air quality.- Solid waste management / separation
f) End users awareness
PRACTICAL SOLUTION TO ACHIEVE LOW
CARBON BUILDING
INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACH TO INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACH TO GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE
ENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY
ARCHITECTS & ID
M & E ENGINEERS
C & S ENGINEERS
INTERIOR DESIGNER
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
BRAINSTORMING
OWNER / USERS
DESIGNER
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
ICT CONSULTANT
LANDSCAPE CONSULTANT
ENERGY / LOW CARBON / GREEN
CONSULTANT
CHOOSE THE MOST APPRIOPRATE STRATEGIES
COOLING SYSTEMWall Insulation?
Façade design?
Air tight building?
High COP sys?
VAV?
VSD?
Low losses distribution?
Low resistance air
system?
CAV? Water cooled sys?
Air cooled sys?
Electrical chiller?Absorption
Double glazing? Radiant cooling?
LIGHTING SYSTEM
EQUIPMENT USED
distribution?Efficient cooling
tower?Centralise system?
Stand alone Split Unit?
Absorption chiller?
High Eff. Motor?EE Office
appliances?
Green ICT?Shared printers?
Energy Management
System?
Task Light?
EE Lighting?
Daylighting?Light shelves?
Lighting level?
High efficient reflector?
LED? Induction light?
Rain water harvest?
Water efficient fittings?
SELECTION OF DESIGN STRATEGIESSELECTION OF DESIGN STRATEGIES
- The design and selection of the strategies are depends ultimate design target that required to be achieved !
- Different building will have different design strategies depend on the nature and physical of the strategies depend on the nature and physical of the building.
- Any irrelevant measures or too expensive could be omitted. Can be justified!
- The best is to put priority strategies that have high performance impact with low or minimum cost to implement (kWh or CO2 reduction / $$$ invested)
Sustainable Energy Management System
Setup Energy Management Committee
1
Appoint an Energy Manager / EM
Committee leader.
2
Report & review results regularly
9
Annual Review
10
Operation Prepare an Energy Policy / Mission
3
Set up an energy monitoring &
reporting system
4
Implement a staff awareness & training program
5Conduct an energy audit
6
Prepare a plan of action based on audit’s findings
7
Implement actions
8Operation
Phase
Energy Management in O&M
-
Energy management practice is very crucial to maintain efficient use of energy in the operation of a building !
Most of operators do not have sence of energy management due to lack of commitment from the clients.management due to lack of commitment from the clients.
This will results most of EE and RE features installed are not properly maintained according to the design and function (waste investment money!)
Building without EE features but if highly maintain with EM practises can make building perform better.
End User Awareness
-Energy management awareness among the users are also very important!
Buildings can be design with super green technology features but if lack of end user awareness, the building would not operate awareness, the building would not operate efficiently and waste energy.
Most of operators do not have sence of energy management due to lack of awareness and commitment.
EXAMPLES / CASES
Energy Management Features & The Building Performance
NEW BUILDING DESIGNNEW BUILDING DESIGN
In 2002: In 2002: KeTTHA’sKeTTHA’s LEO Building LEO Building : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS: ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
In-house Energy Manager + Operation monitoring team by SEDA
ENERGY-10 OptimisationEnergy Saving Features in LEO Building
275Reference Case
247Daylight use
223 EE Lighting 22 - 16 w/m2
239Insulation in walls and roof
EE in Building Guideline Target (136kWh/m2/yr)
Energy Index kWh/m2year
0 1000 200 300
223 EE Lighting 22 - 16 w/m2
195Equipment 27 – 20 w/m2
173EE Light 16 – 8 w/m2
123 EE Equipment 20 - 7.5 w/2
112"Energy Management”
102Room Temp 23 - 24 degrees
100Especially Tight Building
100
56% reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
= 3,366,475 kWh/yrRM 800,000
LEO BuildingLEO BEI = 100
(Conventional) BEI = 275
175 kWh/m2year
Average Building Energy Index (BEI) in Parcel B
[kWh/m2/yr]378
315
278
233253
322
349
321
268
236
273296
250
300
350
400
Comparison LEO Building with several buildings in Putrajaya
LEO Building Performance
or more than RM 800,000 per year
= 3,366,475 kWh/yr x 0.614 kg CO2/kwh= 2,067,016 kg/year CO2= 2,067 tones CO2/year
Tariff C128.8 sen/kWh
Savings = 56%
196
233
123
236
167
198215
114
-
50
100
150
200
250
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 E4/5
Blocks
[kW
h/m
2/y
r]
AVERAGE (3276 hrs/yr) AVERAGE (Normalised to 2646hrs/yr)
- Daylighting (almost 100%)- EE lighting + task lights- EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers)- Green IT Network & server room (75% wireless network)
2007: 2007: GreenTechGreenTech Malaysia’s GEO Building Malaysia’s GEO Building : DESIGN ELEMENTS: DESIGN ELEMENTS
- Green IT Network & server room (75% wireless network)- EE air conditioning & ventilation- Floor slab cooling (For radiant cooling and thermal storage)
- PCM storage cooling system (minimised air-cond chillers capacity)
- Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring)
- Double glazing (heat and sound insulation)
- Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain)
- Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries)
- Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)
2007: 2007: GreenTechGreenTech Malaysia’s GEO Building Malaysia’s GEO Building : DESIGN ELEMENTS: DESIGN ELEMENTS
GreenTech GEO Building
( ~100% Daylight)
Diffused daylight from skylight
MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE
8,8
24
8,3
68
6,9
93
8,2
13
9,3
94
9,5
23
8,5
86
8,2
05
8,7
96
9,1
09
9,1
05
10
,31
2
8,9
68
8,2
34
10
,06
7
9,5
11
8,0
52
8,5
39
7,2
68
7,4
19
8,4
07
8,7
44
10
,66
0
25
,87
6
16
,72
4
25
,78
4
27
,98
1
22
,25
1
24
,85
1
23
,63
5
24
,95
4
23
,77
7
29
,10
2
28
,01
2
28
,41
7
20
,24
4
18
,46
6
20
,11
0
17
,45
6
16
,06
6
17
,32
3
16
,41
0
16
,73
7
16
,19
8
14
,99
5 19
,60
0
17
,70
0
97.9
63.0
96
110
90 92 91 9388
111104105
7569
7565 62 64 63 62 60 62
7368
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
En
erg
y C
on
su
me
d /
En
erg
y G
en
era
ted
[
kW
h/m
on
th]
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
BE
I [
kW
h/m
2/y
ea
r]
Example - Monitored GEO Building Energy Index (BEI)
8,8
24
8,3
68
6,9
93
8,2
13
9,3
94
9,5
23
8,5
86
8,2
05
8,7
96
9,1
09
9,1
05
10
,31
2
8,9
68
8,2
34
10
,06
7
9,5
11
8,0
52
8,5
39
6,7
62
7,2
68
7,4
19
8,4
07
6,1
48 8,7
44
10
,66
0
06
,10
2
0
63.0 62 63 62 60 62
23
0
33 32 3036 35 33 30 33
37 3440
33 3237 35
31 3226 27 28
35
2334
40
00
5,000
10,000
En
erg
y C
on
su
me
d /
En
erg
y G
en
era
ted
[
kW
h/m
on
th]
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
BE
I [
kW
h/m
2/y
ea
r]
kWh PV kWh Total BEI [kWh/m2/yr] BEI PV Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr] )
kWh PV 8,824 8,368 6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660 0
kWh Total 25,876 16,724 25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102 0
Num of Days 13 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 2 0
BEI [kWh/m2/yr] 97.9 63.0 96 110 90 92 91 93 88 111 104 105 75 69 75 65 62 64 63 62 60 62 73 68 23 0
BEI PV 33 32 30 36 35 33 30 33 37 34 40 33 32 37 35 31 32 26 27 28 35 23 34 40 0
Avera
ge
Avera
ge
(with
July
08
Aug
08
Sept
08Oct 08
Nov
08Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09
Mac
09Apr 09
May
09
June
09
July
09
Aug
09
Sept
09Oct 09
Nov
09Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10
Mac
10Apr 10
May
10
June
10
Energy (& CO2) Savings
= 492,125 kWh/yrEnergy saved
GEO BEI = 65(Conventional) BEI = 220
155 kWh/m2year
a/c area 3,175 sq.m
Savings = 70%
Net saving with Renewable Energy = 85%
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
= 492,125 kWh/yror RM 195,374 per year
Energy saved
= 492,125 x 0.614= 302,165 kg/year CO2= 302 tones CO2/year
CO2 saved
Tariff B (Low Voltage Commercial Tariff) for all kWh
39.7 sen/kWh
0.614 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula Malaysia)
Old tariff B ; 40.8 sen/kWh
2011: An Example of 40 Storey and Thin Building 2011: An Example of 40 Storey and Thin Building : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS: ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
Energy Saving Strategies To Reduced Building Energy Index [kWh/m2/year]
311
332
382
Use 12mm light green tinted, LT=63%, Shading=0.57)
Reduce WWR from 90 to 60%
Use normal brick wall with 90% wall glazing (6mm clear glass)
21
Ba
se
En
erg
y S
av
ing
Str
ate
gie
s
127
131
142
162
227
237
265
288
294
- 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Use ALC instead of bricks
Fresh air control + Heat wheel
Room temperature 24 degC
Energy Efficient aircond system with BAS, COP 3.8
Energy efficient fans and motors
Energy efficienct office equipment (10W)
Use of daylighting with daylight sensors
EE lighting (11.5W/m2)
Illuminance 300 - 400 Lux and occ.sensors
11
10
98
76
54
3
En
erg
y S
av
ing
Str
ate
gie
s
67% reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
2004: A Government School Computer Lab 2004: A Government School Computer Lab : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS: ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
54.8% reduction
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
2011 ESB – PANASONIC GREEN WAREHOUSE
in SHAH ALAM
-Green Features:
- 100% Daylighting. - Almost 100% Cross ventilation.
- EE Lighting Design and features. - Solar Compund Lighting.
- Inverter Aircond System (office) - Rain water Harvest System
-Green Features:
- 100% Daylighting. - Almost 100% Cross ventilation.
- EE Lighting Design and features. - Solar Compund Lighting.
- Inverter Aircond System (office) - Rain water Harvest System
- Net BEI = 15.6kWh/m2/year (more than 70% energy reduced)
- 384.2 TonCO2/year
- SME Green Award 2012
- ASEAN Energy Award : 2012 : 1st Runner-up Tropical Buildings
- Net BEI = 15.6kWh/m2/year (more than 70% energy reduced)
- 384.2 TonCO2/year
- SME Green Award 2012
- ASEAN Energy Award : 2012 : 1st Runner-up Tropical Buildings
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
RETROFIT BUILDINGRETROFIT BUILDING
EXAMPLES / CASE
RETROFIT BUILDINGRETROFIT BUILDING
2007 : Retrofitted Warehouse / Workshop Building with Enhance Energy Management in Shah Alam
kWh/yr RM/yr
No Cost Measures
De-lamping office lighting 13,476 3,153.38
Low Cost Measures
Measures
Annual Saving
Electrical
Use timer controller for temperature and operate silo ventilation 687,760 160,935.84
Use of daylight in warehouse 19,943 4,666.66
Replace normal EXIT signage to LED 2,208 516.67
Awareness campaigns 703,931 164,719.85
High Cost Measures
Replace the Metal Halide lamps to T5HO lamps 957,012 223,940.81
Lighting zoning 498,584 116,668.66
TOTAL 2,882,914 674,602 Actual Cost Reduction
50% Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
Results From The Implementation Energy Saving Measures By KeTTHA
2011 2011 2012
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
16.5% 18.8% 11.5%
Low Carbon House P14 @ Putrajaya
The Green Features:o East-West building orientation.
o Landscape to absorb heat (IR and UV).
Natural cross ventilation & Daylighting.
Since 2010
o Natural cross ventilation & Daylighting.
o Energy efficient light & appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Waste management.
o Awareness and Green Practice.
BEI = 8.27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 1.7 ton / year
= 61.4% reduction
Low Carbon House P14Total energy used & operational carbon emitted
Actual Building Energy Index (BEI)
= (2,400 kWh/year) / 290 m2.
= 8.27 kWh/m2/year. Building Common
Carbon Metric data in Putrajaya 2010:
Average BEI for double
Actual Building Operational Carbon Index
= (1,793 kgCO2/year) / 290 m2
= 6.18 kgCO2/m2/year Average BEI for double storey terrace house = 24 kWh/m2/year.
Average CO2 Index for double storey terrace house= 16 kgCO2/m2/year.
Reduction performance :
a) % of energy reduction
(refer to BEI and Putrajaya CCM 2010)
= (24 – 8.27) / 24 = 65%
b) % of CO2 reduction
(refer to CO2 Index and Putrajaya CCM2010)
= (16 – 6.18) / 16 = 61.4%
= 6.18 kgCO2/m2/year
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
The Energy Efficient Features:
o Maximise use of Daylighting.
o Energy efficient light & appliances.
o Energy efficient Interior Design.
o Low Carbon ICT system
o Awareness and Practice.
BEI = 27 kWh/m2/year
CO2 = 16 KgCO2 / m2 / year
= 86.4% reduction
SEDA Low Energy Office @ Kota Kinabalu 2014
Maximum use of daylightSEDA Energy Efficient Office @ Likas Square
Building Energy Index (BEI)
If the office are not EE = 220 kWj/m2/setahun
Actual BEI of SEDA LEO = 27kWj/m2/setahun
SEDA Low Energy Office (LEO) @ Kota KinabaluFinal energy reduction performance
If N
ot
EE
220
209
BE
I (
kW
j/m
2/y
ea
r)
0
27
Actual
Potential GreenPASS (Operational
carbon) Assessment
Why EE / Low Carbon Building using Energy Management approach is Affordable ?
Cheaper way
The longer the way = $$$$$
Guidelines and Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Building
� Development and Publication of EE in Buildings Guidelinesby Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications & Post, 1989.
� MS1525 : 2001 – Code of Practise Use of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings(Revised in 2007) by SIRIM.
� Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines, a handbook for energy auditors by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF, 2003.energy auditors by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF, 2003.
� Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial Buildings by KTAK & PTM, 2004.
� Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings (Non-Domestic) by KTAK, DANIDA & JKR, 2004.
� Energy Efficiency & Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian Industries by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF;- Part 1 : Electrical Energy-use Equipment, 2007.- Part 2 : Thermal Energy-use Equipment (2010)
� Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance Framework (documentation in progress) by SEDA Malaysia.
� Based on series of R&D, studies & demonstrations shows that
energy efficiency (sustainable energy) are the fundamental to
reduce operational carbon footprint in building sector.
� High EE building performance can be achieved through energy
management process during the design and also operation.
Conclusion
� Energy Efficient building is affordable if proper cost cycle analysis
been conducted (during design & operation/retrofitting)
� The building sector need EE Building assessment tools to assess
and appreciates the performance based on actual energy and
carbon reduction.
� Energy Efficient buildings have significant role on low carbon
development especially in cities / township.
� Energy Management practices to be included into the;
- Development (design & construction phase).
- Operation (O&M and monitoring phase).
� Encourage public and industry to participate in energy
management and energy monitoring activities
Way Forward
management and energy monitoring activities
(using the BCiS Portal – www.greentownship.my).
� Provide assessment for Energy Efficient buildings based on
actual energy reduction to align with national 40% carbon
intensity reduction and global direction towards carbon neutral
development (Using GreenPASS Operation).
� To develop data repository for building energy and
carbon emission (city level, State and National level).
� Appreciate and certified EE buildings (same like other
certified green buildings) and provide incentives (not
necessary in monetary).
� Propose the EE Building certifications based on actual
performance and as part of National Appropriate Mitigation
Way Forward (cont’d)
performance and as part of National Appropriate Mitigation
Actions (NAMAs), to provide uniform assessment, reportable
and verifiable.
� The government recommended to embark on Common Carbon
Metric (CCM) for various building topology for
monitoring, benchmarking and reporting annual carbon
reduction achievement.
Thank you for your attention
58
SEDA Malaysia,Galeria PjH, Level 9
Jalan P4W, Persiaran Perdana,
Presint 4, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Phone : +603-8870 5800 / 5841 Email: [email protected] / [email protected]: www.seda.gov.my
Get copy of paper? - Tel / SMS :[email protected] / [email protected]
http://www.slideshare.net/asetip
Steve Anthony Lojuntin
Additional InformationAdditional
Information
Who are we : Sustainable Energy
Development Authority (SEDA) Malaysia
www.seda.gov.my
SEDA Malaysia Background
• Establishment of Sustainable Energy Development Authority of Malaysia (SEDA Malaysia) in May 2011
• Centralized Agency for RE.
• Renewable Energy Act & Feed In- Tariff (FiT) in Malaysia.
• Development & operation of e-FiT
• Assisting KeTTHA / Government on National Energy Efficiency • Assisting KeTTHA / Government on National Energy Efficiency Master Plan (2011-2012) (Until Sept 2012).
• Government NKEA EPP9 Programme : Energy Efficiency� - EE in Government Buildings / Universities.
� - SAVE EE Programme / EE Appliances & Chillers rebate prog.
� - Development of Energy performance Contracting (EPC) (Until Sept 2012)
• Assisting Government on the development of the Energy Efficiency & Conservation Act (until Sept 2012).
• Government NKEA EPP4 : Green Technology Business Sector
• ESCO Voluntary Accreditation Programme (until Sept 2012).
• Demonstrate and retrofitting EE projects in Government Buildings.
Program by SEDA Malaysia
• Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance System ***
� Documentation of the Low Carbon Building Framework based on past experiences (R&D, demonstration, energy monitoring, etc).
� To support National carbon reduction target.
� Compatible & direct support to LCCF, GreenPASS and Green RE, and it can be used to support other green building rating system.
Development of Low Carbon Buildings (new design & existing buildings).� Development of Low Carbon Buildings (new design & existing buildings).
� Application & Promotion of MS1525 : Code of Practice Use of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings.
• Sustainable Energy in Buildings (supporting the Gov. Lead By Example)
� - Facilitate, assist and providing technical advices on sustainable energy in buildings from time to time.
� - Sustainable Energy Management program.
� - Technical matters on Energy Performance Contracting activities.
� - Energy Auditing & Retrofitting.
� - Monitoring & Verification and Reporting.
Program by SEDA Malaysia �
• Low Carbon ICT (“of ICT” and “by ICT”).� - Promotion and Development of Low Carbon ICT in government.
� - To support the Green ICT program by government.
� - To support the Sustainable Low Carbon Building Performance.
� - Baseline of energy / carbon emission in ICT.
� - Development of Green ICT standard (committee in MCMC/MDeC).
� - Building Energy Management System / Energy Monitoring System.
� - Auditing, Retrofitting & Performance Monitoring.� - Auditing, Retrofitting & Performance Monitoring.
• Capacity Building & Technical Services in Sustainable Energy.� - Solar PV Installation.
� - Mini Hydro Installation.
� - Power Quality Study.
� - Energy Audit / Energy management (including thermal energy)
� - Energy Efficiency in Chillers & Air conditioning.
� - Sustainable Low Carbon Buildings / MS1525 program.
� - Low Carbon ICT.
� - Retrofitting, Finetuning & Performance Monitoring.
� - Facilitate Energy Performance Contracting (EPC).
� - Facilitating the Government & Private agencies including the Local Councils / PBTs.
Low Carbon Program by SEDA Malaysia
� SEDA’s Low Carbon equation;
Low Carbon
= Sustainable Energy X Operational = Sustainable Energy X Operational Carbon factor (0.747 kgCO2/kWh)
� The low carbon scope is only within the sustainable energy programme. E-waste, recycling, product labelling, waste management are not included since it is out of SEDA Malaysia scope.
Method to Identify Building Energy Index (BEI),
NET BEI, GFA, NFA, ACA in several projects in Malaysia since year 2000
(including KeTTHA and agencies)(including KeTTHA and agencies)
1
Malaysian Green Technology Corporation
(GreenTech Malaysia)PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS PUSAT TENAGA MALAYSIA
www.greentechmalaysia.my
Building Consumption Input System
Sustainable Energy Development Authority
(SEDA) Malaysia
May 2013
DefinitionGross Floor Area (GFA), Net Floor Area (NFA), Net Floor Area (NFA), Air-Cond Area (ACA)
Building Energy Index (BEI)Net Building Energy Index (Net BEI)
Gross Floor Area (GFA):Total area of all floors of a building as measured to the outside surfaces of exterior walls and including flat roofs, halls, stairways, elevator/lift shafts, attached garages / carparks (undergound/attached/indoor), porches, balconies, basements, offices but excluding voids and open/uncovered carparks.
Definitions
Net Floor Area (NFA):Also called Net-Usable Area or Occupied Area. Gross Floor Area excluding Carparks & External Corridor; the area included in surrounding walls of a building e.g offices, stores, meeting rooms, risers, internal porches etc, or portion thereof.
Air Cond Area (ACA):is Net-Floor Area which has air conditioning/ cooling spaces excluding toilet (for some buildings) and M&E rooms.
Net Floor Area OR
GFA
NFA
ACA
BEI Defination as ;
Building Energy Index (BEI) [kWh/m2/year]
= Total Energy Consumption a year [kWh/year]
Total Occupied or Net Floor Area [m2]Total Occupied or Net Floor Area [m2]
Total Energy Consumption is defined as total energy of
electricity (or electricity equivalent) consumed by the building
in kWh per annum.
•All energy consumed by the Gross Floor Area (occupied
and unoccupied in building including energy for ICT.
•Excluding energy produced by Renewable Energy.
NET BEI Definition as ;
NET BEI [kWh/m2/year]
= Total Net Energy Consumption [kWh/year]
Total Net Floor Area [m2]
Total Net Energy Consumption is defined as total energy of electricity (or Total Net Energy Consumption is defined as total energy of electricity (or
electricity equivalent) consumed by the building in kWh per annum and Total
Energy Generated (electricity equivalent) in the building.
• All energy consumed by the Gross Floor Area (occupied and unoccupied
in building including energy for ICT.
• Include energy produced by Renewable Energy.
NET BEI [kWh/m2/year]
= (∑ Energy Consumption - ∑ Energy Generated by RE ) [kWh/year]
Total Net Floor Area [m2]
Notes : This conventional BEI formula has been used in series of government and private projects and documents such as;
� More than 38 government buildings in UiTM Energy Auditing Projects ECO-Energy-PTM (2000-2001).
� 12 Government Buildings Energy Audit by ESCOs & PTM (2003).
� LEO Building (since 2002).
� GEO Building (Since 2007).
� EPU – DANIDA Integrated Resources Planning – EE in Office, Hospital & Hotels (2004-2006)
� Putrajaya Government Energy Audit & Retroffiting Projects by KeTTHA / SEDA (2010 - 2012).
� Prime Minister Office Enegry Audit by JKR (2010)
� Low Carbon Cities Framework (by KeTTHA/GreenTech Malaysia and launched by YAB PM in Sept 2011).
� Draft of Construction Industry Standard (CIS) 20, GreenPASS by CIDB (since 2011).
� Europe Asean Energy Funding Project (Building Benchmarking PTM - NUS) (2007).
� Online Building Consumption Input System (BCiS) (since 2010).� Online Building Consumption Input System (BCiS) (since 2010).
� More than 50 Government Buildings in Putrajaya (by JKR Putrajaya).
� Common Carbon Metric Building Study in Putrajaya (2010).
� Energy Audits of Government Quarters by JKR & ECO Energy (2006).
� Energy Audits of Government Clinic at Taman Ehsan by DANIDA-JKR (2003).
� Energy Audits of Government Schools by JKR & ECO-Energy (2006)
� Energy Efficiency Design of Government School Computer Lab (2004).
� ESB-Panasonic Green Warehouse in Shah Alam (2012)
� IKEA Warehouse Shah Alam by ECO-Energy (2007).
� SEDA Malaysia Low Energy Office (LEO) @ Kota Kinabalu (2014)
� Private own buildings on commercial and industrial.
� Energy Management project by the Industry / ESCOs.
� Energy manager and Energy management training course.
� Energy Audit trainings
MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE
8,8
24
8,3
68
6,9
93
8,2
13
9,3
94
9,5
23
8,5
86
8,2
05
8,7
96
9,1
09
9,1
05
10
,31
2
8,9
68
8,2
34
10
,06
7
9,5
11
8,0
52
8,5
39
7,2
68
7,4
19
8,4
07
8,7
44
10
,66
0
25
,87
6
16
,72
4
25
,78
4
27
,98
1
22
,25
1
24
,85
1
23
,63
5
24
,95
4
23
,77
7
29
,10
2
28
,01
2
28
,41
7
20
,24
4
18
,46
6
20
,11
0
17
,45
6
16
,06
6
17
,32
3
16
,41
0
16
,73
7
16
,19
8
14
,99
5 19
,60
0
17
,70
0
97.9
63.0
96
110
90 92 91 9388
111104105
7569
7565 62 64 63 62 60 62
7368
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
En
erg
y C
on
su
me
d /
En
erg
y G
en
era
ted
[
kW
h/m
on
th]
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
BE
I [
kW
h/m
2/y
ea
r]
Example - Monitored GEO Building Energy Index (BEI)
8,8
24
8,3
68
6,9
93
8,2
13
9,3
94
9,5
23
8,5
86
8,2
05
8,7
96
9,1
09
9,1
05
10
,31
2
8,9
68
8,2
34
10
,06
7
9,5
11
8,0
52
8,5
39
6,7
62
7,2
68
7,4
19
8,4
07
6,1
48 8,7
44
10
,66
0
06
,10
2
0
63.0 62 63 62 60 62
23
0
33 32 3036 35 33 30 33
37 3440
33 3237 35
31 3226 27 28
35
2334
40
00
5,000
10,000
En
erg
y C
on
su
me
d /
En
erg
y G
en
era
ted
[
kW
h/m
on
th]
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
BE
I [
kW
h/m
2/y
ea
r]
kWh PV kWh Total BEI [kWh/m2/yr] BEI PV Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr] )
kWh PV 8,824 8,368 6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660 0
kWh Total 25,876 16,724 25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102 0
Num of Days 13 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 2 0
BEI [kWh/m2/yr] 97.9 63.0 96 110 90 92 91 93 88 111 104 105 75 69 75 65 62 64 63 62 60 62 73 68 23 0
BEI PV 33 32 30 36 35 33 30 33 37 34 40 33 32 37 35 31 32 26 27 28 35 23 34 40 0
Avera
ge
Avera
ge
(with
July
08
Aug
08
Sept
08Oct 08
Nov
08Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09
Mac
09Apr 09
May
09
June
09
July
09
Aug
09
Sept
09Oct 09
Nov
09Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10
Mac
10Apr 10
May
10
June
10
Examples of BEI of Government’s Low Carbon Buildings
BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
BEI = 114 (59% reduce)
1,490 TonCO2/year
ASEAN Energy Award : 2006
Design BEI = 85 (>60% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2012
Design BEI = 85 (>60% reduce)
637 TonCO2/year (**To verify)
ASEAN Energy Award : 2012
BEI = 65
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011
BEI = 65
Net BEI = 30 (86% reduce)
65 TonCO2/year
ASEAN EA : 2009/2010/2011
BEI and Common Carbon Metric (CCM) Study in Putrajaya (2010)
Continuous Improvement project of Energy Efficient buildings in Malaysia
Energy Indices ( kWh/m2year)
150
200
250
300
Typical Consumption200 – 300 kWh/m2year
EE in Building Guideline (1989)), reference for MS1525
0
50
100
150
Normal Buildings
2001 2006 ( 2015) Benchmark year:
LEO Building
EC Building
GEO Building
136
MS 1525:2007 – Code of Practise Use of EE & RE for Non-residential buildings
Green Energy
(PV)
Solar Electric
generation
Energy
Consumption
6363