lower ext bones lab worksheet 2019...the pelvic girdle composed of 2 hip bones (aka oscoxae). each...
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Bonesofthelowerextremity
ThePelvicGirdleattachesthelimbstotheAxialSkeletonattheSacrum.SacrumNOTpartofPelvicGirdle!!!ThePelvicGirdlecomposedof2hipbones(akaOs Coxae).Eachhipbonecomposedof3bonesthathavefusedtogether.
1. Ilium - theflaredsuperiorpart2. Ischium - lowerposterior(dorsal)part3. pubis– theanterior(ventral)part
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1
Rightandlefthipsbonesjoinedanteriorlyatpubicsymphysis(fibrocartilage)
RighthipboneLefthipbone
PS
PS=Pubicsymphysis
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1
2
1. Ilium1a.iliaccrest1b.anteriorsuperioriliacspine1c.anteriorinferioriliacspine1d.posteriorsuperioriliacspine1e.posteriorinferioriliacspine1f.greatersciaticnotch(draw)
2. Ischium2a.ischialspine2b.ischialtuberosity2c.ramusofischium
3.Pubis3a.inferiorpubicramus
4. acetabulum5. obturatorforamen
1f
3a
4
5
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LateralviewRighthipbone
1a
1b
1c
1d
1e
2a
2b 2c3a
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The3bonesthatfusetoformaHipbone
2Acetabulum- whereall3bonesJoin.FormsthecavitythatarticulateswithheadofFemur.
medialviewrighthipbone
1.Ilium1a.iliaccrest1b.anteriorsuperioriliacspine1c.anteriorinferioriliacspine1d.iliacfossa1e.auricularsurfaceAuriclesurfaceofiliumarticulateswithauricularsurfaceofsacrum.Wherepelvicgirdleattachestoaxialskeleton.FormstheSacroiliacjoint(SIjoint)
2. Ischium2a.ischialspine2b.ramusofischium
3. Pubis3a.superiorpubicramus3b.inferiorpubicramus
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1a
1b
1c
1d
1e
2a
2b
3a
3b
ThePelvis=the2hipbones(pelvicgirdle)articulatedwiththesacrum...ReddotsformtheoutlineofthepelvicbrimwhichseparatestheTruePelvisfromFalsePelvis. InOBwhenthebaby“drops”Itissaidtoofdroppedintothetruepelvis.
Termstoknowinanarticulatedpelvis:-Pelvisvspelvicgirdle-
-pelvicbrim=
-falsepelvis=-truepelvis=
-pubicarch(angle=)
1. sacrum(axialskeleton)2. ilium3. Ischium:
3e=ramusoftheischium3f=ischialspine
4. Pubis:4b=superiorpubicramus4c=inferiorpubicramus
5. pubicsymphysis(fibrocartilage)6. Acetabulum7. Obturatorforamen
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PubicArch
SacralPromontory
Pelvicgirdleattacheslowerlimbstotheaxialskeleton(sacrum)
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Knowthemaindifferencesbetweenfemaleandmalepelvis.Seeyourlecturenotes!Formdeterminesfunctionindeed!
Feature FemalePelvis MalePelvis
Pelvicinletshape
Pubicangle/arch
Acetabulum
Ischialtuberosities
Coccyx
RightFemur- headoffemurarticulateswiththeacetabulumofthehipbone.Femurthelargestboneofthebody!
1. Head1a.Fovea2. neck3. greatertrochanter4. lessertrochanter5. linea aspera6. lateralepicondyle7. medialepicondyle8. patellarsurface9. medialcondyle10. intercondylar fossa11. lateralcondyle
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anteriorviewposteriorview 6
1a
6-- --7111098
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1
2 23 3
4--4
Theweakestpartofthefemuris?(thepartthat”breaks”whengrandmafallsandbreaksherhip.)
Lowerlegbones:TibiaandFibula
anteriorviews7
Tibia(thickinnerbone)1. lateralcondyle2. intercondylareminence3. medialcondyle4. tibial tuberosity5. medialmalleolus
1 2 3
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TheweightfromthefemurIstransferredtothetibia.Thefibulabearsnoweight!Fibulaasiteformuscleattachment.
ArticulatedTibiaandFibula
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--5--5
Tibial tuberosity-Wherethemightquadricepsmusclesinsertviapatellarligament.Lotsofsurfacearea!!
Fibula- thelateralbone
Fibula6.Headoffibula7.Lateralmalleolus
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7
RightFoot
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Tarsals1.talus2.calcaneous3.navicular4.medialcuneiform5.intermediatecuneiform6.lateralcuneiform7.cuboid
11.DistalPhalanges1-5distalphalanges
10. MiddlePhalanges2-5middlephalanges
9. Proximalphalanges1-5proximalphalanges
8. Metatarsals1-5metatarsals
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8
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1110
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Phalanges(“toes”)numberedjustlikefingers.Herethegreattoeis#1Againdigit#1hasnomiddlephalange
Inthex-raynoticehowthelateralandmedialmalleoluscupthetalus.The”bumps“youfeelonthemedialandLateralsidesofyouranklearethesetwostructures!
“TigerCubsNeedMILC”yourtarsalbones.
Medial----malleolus
LateralMalleolus---