luvoir study - nasa

LUVOIRStudyCommunityco-chairs:BradPeterson,DebraFischerStudyscien@st:AkiRoberge

8ExoplanetSTDTmembers7CosmicoriginsSTDTmembers2SolarsystemSTDTmembers2TechnologySTDTmembers9ExOfficioInterna@onalobservers

Workinggroups:Exoplanets,CosmicOrigins,SolarSystem,Technology,Simula@ons,Communica@onTwotelescopearchitectures(~9-mand~15m)FiveinstrumentdesignstudiesWeeklytelecons,F2Fmee@ngs(3peryear),Jointleadershipmee@ngswithLUVOIRandHabExSeveralcommunitypresenta@onsWeeklyscienceseminars(HarleyThronson,RaviKopparapu)Nowdra[ingtheinterimreportattheWGlevel;integratethisintheFall;submitinDecember2017

What is LUVOIR ? •  LargeUV/Op@cal/InfraredSurveyor(LUVOIR)

• Aspacetelescopeconceptintradi@onofHubble•  Broadsciencecapabili@es•  Far-UVtoNear-IRbandpass•  ~8–16maperturediameter•  Suiteofimagersandspectrographs•  Serviceableandupgradable

“SpaceObservatoryforthe21stCentury”Decadesofscience

Abilitytoanswerques@onswehavenotyetconceived

July28,2017

How do galaxies assemble their stars?

BigBangtoBiosignatures:TheLUVOIRMissionConceptJuly28,2017

MapofGalaxieswithin12MpcofOurGalaxy

HST

JWST

8-mLUVOIR

16-mLUVOIR

Circlesshowdistanceouttowhichindividualsolar-typestarscanbedetected

NeedLUVOIRtoreachthenearestgiantellip@calgalaxiesoutto12Mpc

Providesagesandstarforma@onhistories

= Large Elliptical Galaxy

= Large Spiral Galaxy

= Dwarf Galaxy

Monitoring Solar System ocean moons


EuropajetsobservedwithHST

Rothetal.(2014) UVhydrogenemission

Europajetsobservedwith15-mLUVOIR

Credit:G.Ballester(LPL)

Imaging Earth 2.0

BigBangtoBiosignatures:TheMissionConceptLUVOIRJuly28,2017

Innerworkingangle~4λ/D

SolarSystemfrom13parcsecwithcoronagraphand12-mtelescope

Credit:L.Pueyo/M.N’Diaye/A.Roberge

The search for life – biosignatures

Big Bang to Biosignatures: The LUVOIR Mission Concept July 28, 2017

Rayleigh scattering

Methane Water vapor

O2 Spectrum of Modern Earth

0.4microns 2.4microns

Reality check …


Telescopebackgrounddominates

Credit:T.Robinson/G.Arney

Distance=10pcDtelescope=12-mTtelescope=260KR=150Time=96hours

DetecKng biosignatures over Earth’s history


O2notdetectable,butO3maybe

Credit:G.Arney

Confirming biosignatures

•  Accesstomanymoleculesisessen@alforunderstandingstateofatmosphere

•  0.2–2.4μmcontainsabsorp@onbandsofO2,O3,O4,H2O,CO,CO2,CH4

•  Accesstomul@plebandsofsamemoleculeaidsabundancemeasurement

•  BroadspectralbandpassandUVspectrumofstarcanlikelyruleoutfalseposi@veoxygenbiosignatures

•  SinceIWA~λ/D,observinghab.zoneplanetsatlongerwavelengthsdemandslargertelescopeaperture


ExoEarth candidates as funcKon of aperture


4-m~6earthcandidates

Starketal.(2014)

Mul@-planetYieldtoolOnlinesimula@ontools–sharewithHabEx



Starketal.(2014)





BigBangtoBiosignatures:TheLUVOIRMissionConcept 12July28,2017Starketal.(2014)




BigBangtoBiosignatures:TheLUVOIRMissionConceptJuly28,2017Starketal.(2014)

Iffrequencyofhabitablecondi@onsis10%,need30candidatestoguaranteeseeingonetrueexoEarth

(at95%confidence)

Telescope Architecture A, (IDL Jan 2017); ISIM (IDL June 2017)

Optical / Near-IR Coronagraph: contrast 10-10, 0.2 to 2.4 um (IDL March 2017)

- coronographic spectra simulator

LUMOS: Far UV to near UV spectroscopy, med-res MOS, near UV imaging (IDL May 2017)

- LUMOS spectroscopic ETC, UV MOS visualizer

POLLUX: European study – complements LUMOS providing spectro-polarimetry

High-definition Imager: 2x3 arcmin FOV, OIR, precision astrometry for exoplanet masses (IDL Feb 2016)

- HDI ETC

ONIRS: multiple resolutions up to 105, transmission spectroscopy, exoplanet masses?

The LUVOIR instruments

Technotes:CoronographsColdTemperatureTelescopeConsidera@onsExoplanetDetectorsLaunchVehicleConsidera@onsLongWavelengthPerformancePolariza@onandCoronographyStarshadesUVCoa@ngsandShortwavecutoffUVDetectors

Difference between LUVOIR and HabEx ?


BothLUVOIRandHabExhavetwoprimarysciencegoals�  Habitableexoplanets&biosignatures

�  Broadrangeofgeneralastrophysics

Thetwoarchitectureswillbedrivenbydifferenceinfocus�  ForLUVOIR,[email protected]“great

observatory”,asuccessortoHSTandJWSTinthe~8–16mclass

�  HabExwillbeop@mizedforexoplanetimaging,butalsoenablearangeofgeneralastrophysics.Itisamorefocusedmissioninthe~4–8mclass

Similarexoplanetgoals,differinginquan@ta@velevelsofambi@on�  HabExwillexploretheneareststarsto“searchfor”signsofhabitability&biosignaturesvia

directdetec@onofreflectedlight

�  LUVOIRwillsurveymorestarsto“constrainthefrequency”ofhabitability&biosignaturesandproduceasta@s@callymeaningfulsampleofexoEarths

Thetwostudieswillprovideacon@nuumofop@onsforarangeoffutures

What will LUVOIR & HabEx cost? Oneofthemajorgoalsofthesestudiesistogetaccuratetotalmissioncostes@mates.

•  Independentcos@ngwillhappentwice:oncebeforetheinterimreports(December2017),andagainbeforethefinalreportsaresubmiuedtothe2020AstrophysicsDecadalSurvey(2019).

Bothteamsareplanningtostudytwomissionsarchitectures,[email protected]@onscoveringarangeofpossible(unknown)futures.

Itistheul@materesponsibilityoftheDecadalSurveytojudgetheop@malscience-to-costra@o.

Notethatitisnotstraighvorwardtointuitthetotalcostofaspaceobservatorybyextrapola@ngbasedonasingleparameter

•  Forexample,thetelescopeistypicallyasmallfrac@onofamission’stotalcost.

•  Thecostofatelescopemayormaynotscalewithaperture.

Summary

BigBangtoBiosignatures:TheLUVOIRMissionConcept 18July28,2017

LUVOIRhasmul@pleprimarysciencegoals

①  Habitableexoplanets&biosignatures②  BroadrangeofgeneralastrophysicsandSolarSystem

observa@ons

Challengeistoblendgoalsintosinglepowerfulmission

LUVOIRwillprovideasta@s@calstudyofGoal1,factorsof~100increasedsciencegraspoverHubbleforGoal2

Widerangeofcapabili@estoenabledecadesoffutureinves@ga@onsandunexpecteddiscoveries

luvoir study - nasa

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