maasvlakte 2 baseline studies, surveys & monitoring · 2012. 11. 24. · 5 environmental...
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Maasvlakte 2
Baseline Studies, Surveys & Monitoring
Name : William Borst & Tiedo VellingaDate : 15 October 2008Place : Tallinn, Estonia
Environmental Monitoring MV2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
Wadden Sea
North Sea
Rotterdam
Hamburg
Maasvlakte 1(1970)
Port of Rotterdam is 3rd Largest port in the worldThroughput 407 million ton
The Hague
Delft
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
Access Yangtze harborNet area 1000 haCosts 3 billion EURConstruction 2008 - 2013
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Artist Impression Maasvlakte 2
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2Some Facts & Figures.
o Port to be extended by 2,000 /1,000 ha (gross/nett)
o First phase (2008-13) : ~300 million m3 sand required
o Borrow area ~15 km offshore (1,5 – 2,5% silt content)
o Due to sand extraction ~8 to 12 million Tonnes of fines and silt (< 63 µm) discharged in North Sea (water column)
o E.I.A. carried out and for approval released into the public domain (April 2007)
o No significant impact predicted on natural processes and marine ecosystem
o Permit for sand extraction : released may 2008
o Execution started on 1st September 2008
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
Total project:~ 300 million m3 sand needed
Phase 1:Period 2008 – 20013~ 210 million m3 from North Sea
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
The (EIA)
EnvironmentalImpactAssessment
~ 6500 pages
Main report & Appendices
Special studies not included
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Environmental Impact Assessement.
Sand extraction (mainly) by Trailing Suction Hopper Dredge
o Impact is based on cause à effect chain approach, with emphasize on a statistical backing (monitoring)
o Dispersion of silt and fines along th Dutch coast are the main cause of possible effects to be reckoned with, i.e. apart from :noise, air pollution by dredging & construction
o Design & Construct contract à variable time schedule. 150 million - 2 yrs | 100 million - 3 yrs | 60 million – 5 yrs thus various impact scenario’s investigated
o All based on best available knowledge, if lack of knowledge àexpert opinions / (international) workshops and monitoring
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
The “Voordelta”
Bird & Habitat Guideline Area
Special Protective zone
MV2
• Maasvlakte 2 lies within the Voordelta
• Voordelta is a Special Protected Area for Birds & Habitat
• In-depth impact assessment followed with state-of-the-art knowledge and tools (Delft3D, FINEL2D) and beyond
• Appropriate Assessments North Sea and Wadden Sea
• International review panel
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
Fresh water river discharge combined with tidal flow of the North Sea.
interface between fresh and salt water
“Coastal river”
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
High resolution 3D model
£ Detailed 3D model with different domains
£ Tide, river discharges, wind and pressure fields
£ Parallel computing
£ Full year computation takes 3 weeks on cluster
£ Storage capacity 1 TB
£ Model captures essential temporal and spatial patterns
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2New water-bed formulations
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�Classical concept (without buffering)
New concept (with buffering)
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
£ Large-scale spatial pattern is well-predicted
£ Temporal mud buffering and releasing at a seasonal scale captured
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Possible Construction order
Design & Construct
To be determined by Contractor :
PUMA
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Zandwinlocatie
5,000 X 3,000 m
Dispersement of the passive plume (fine fraction < 63 µm) due to sand
extration by (TSHD)Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger Source -> Near field -> Far field
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Special protection zone: 25.000 haCompensation factor => 1 : 10
Grote stern Visdief
Zwarte Zeeeend EidereendRoodkeelduiker
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
• Why ?MV2 removes 2,500 ha of habitat type 1010Less space space and food for fouraging birds
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Baseline (field) Surveys carried out so far (2008)o Benthos (1x) : April thr May 2006 (€ 300,000*)
o Silt survey (3x) : April, July & Oct 2007 (€ 225,000)
o Juvenile fish (3x) : April, July & Oct 2007 (€ 200,000)
o Benthos (1x) : April thr May 2008 (€ 400,000)
o Juvenile Fish (closing report) 2008 (€ 100,000)
Baseline (field) Surveys carried out so far (2008)o Benthos re-colonisation April 2009 (€ 200,000)
(*costs : order of magnitude, covering Contracting cost,)
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
At each of 100 locations in front of Dutch coastcost of approx. Euro 15,000 / point
o Siltprofiler vertical distrubution of (Sal, Temp, Turbidity, Chlorofyl,
o Watersamples (3 depth) at 25% of locationso ADCP velocity and directiono Demersal & pelagic juvenile fish (48 species)o Benthos (boxcore & sledge tracks)o TRIOS sensor reading April 2007o Sechi deptho satetlite images (remote sensing: TSM, Ch, Kd
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2Benthos (300 points)2006 (left) & 2008 (right)
Boxcore and benthic slegde tracks (150 m)
Extend of survey 2008 adapted w.r.t. Model results
Near sand extraction pits re-colonisation will be monitored in detail more detail (extra 50 point to be added)
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Example : Biomass [gr/m2]Shells, excluding Ensis and some (lesscommon) species
Example : No. / m2All Shells.
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
•Silt & Juvenile fishsimultaneously (100 points) in 2007 April, July & October
Juvenile fish :Bottom trawl (2m) demersal fish Plankton gear
pelagic fish
Silt survey :Siltprofiler
compl vertical profile Watersampleslab analysis
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Baseline Juvenele Fish : o 20 lines (perpendicular to the coast)
o Ca. 5 point on each line (depth related)
o Total 100 points
o Demersale (bottom) fish -> beam-trawl
o Pelagic (watercolomn) fish -> Plankton-gear
Aim / Goal :
Establish Condition of juvenile fish expressed as the Weight – Length relationship for ALL fish caught
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2113048,20227771800123585,82478424700131075,50155515800138800,16030937000168874,28919702800173897,75686073700178057,02181285700183169,24520226600185487,93786545900188030,13976193600190265,00943189800193083,08340162700198064,07021798500205857,27923729000219084,10441640500221428,85379809600224925,68950662700241641,69735221900245130,12856365800247711,82111395100250151,16587239900252702,32604641400255684,97142136400259599,93373613400262965,50090388400265338,49819423100268161,19964556300274559,54997730000277042,74844079700279455,07889787700292562,87866565800295033,67365664400296666,47831574600299187,14316931400300873,55895648900302443,55660697100304186,73935275800306540,75615066700308252,13371132400316477,82089805100318180,20350964800321465,58822143200323007,74603790800324545,91493579000326339,26250639400328544,70186778700330337,84145560600332952,27569612500334704,81938517600336478,59348046100338086,07877719300340047,96156163200341423,76752578700363385,55134840600365764,90939658000368273,76228342600375660,54601817100379194,77806627600381442,77806627600386474,00816496400388893,00816496400394540,93252853100397069,34669443000399555,34669443000420745,53930475100422510,89107820400425020,74833210800427330,59619695400
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RotterdamBorrow areas
Juvenile Fish survey : project area (~30 x 150 km2)
Silt survey (2007) 100 points / 20 lines(perpendicular to the coast)
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harnasmannetje, [neushangertje, oudewijfskaak, oude grootje, oude vent, postkop]PoggeAgonus cataphractus
zandspieringSandeel lesser Ammodytes tobianus
glasgrondel, [doorschijnende grondel]Goby transparentAphia minuta
51,4
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3 3,2 3,4 3,6 3,8 4 4,2 4,4 4,6 4,8
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3 3,2 3,4 3,6 3,8 4 4,2 4,4 4,6 4,8
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
• Example sheet of baseline report Juvenile fishReport
For each periode April, July and October the distribution is givenper specie
LocationNumber of fishCondition
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Nulmetingen mbt Maasvlakte 2
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POR’s own Siltprofiler and Survey boat “ms. Spirit”“Old” version “New” version
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Quality of watercolumn (silt) in project areaSiltProfiler (develoloped by WL|Delft / IMDC)
o Pressure (depth w.r.t water surface)
o Conductivity (à salt concentration)
o Temperature
o Extinction : short (à turbidity / visibilty)
o Extinction : long (à turbidity / )
o Optical Back Scatter : Seapoint (à turbidity / )
o Chlorolyl-a (à algea)
Via the survey vessel
o ADCP : current speed & direction
o Echosounder : Water depth between stations (verification)
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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no. 5 zwartno. 6 blauwno. 7 groenno. 8 rood
Waarneming op datum & tijdstip : 18-4-2007 Diepte is Y-as (tov waterspiegel = druksensor) Location No. 5-6-7-8
mS/cm
-2000
-1800
-1600-1400
-1200-1000
-800-600
-400-200
030 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
mg/l long
-2000-1800
-1600-1400
-1200
-1000-800
-600
-400
-2000
0 100 200 300 400
mg/l short
-2000
-1800-1600
-1400-1200
-1000
-800-600
-400-200
00 100 200 300 400
mg/l Seapoint
-2000
-1800
-1600-1400
-1200-1000
-800-600
-400
-200
00 100 200 300 400 500
Graden C
-2000
-1800-1600
-1400-1200
-1000
-800-600
-400-200
08 9 10 11 12 13
Chlorofyl
-2000-1800-1600-1400-1200
-1000
-800-600-400
-2000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Chlorofyl / Seapoint
-2000-1800
-1600-1400-1200
-1000
-800-600-400
-2000
0 100 200 300 400 500
Volts Batterij
-2000-1800
-1600-1400-1200
-1000
-800-600-400
-2000
12 12,5 13 13,5
Raai bij Petten
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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2
1 8 -7 -2 0 0 7 7 :0 01 9 -7 -2 0 0 7 8 :0 0
1 8 -7 -2 0 0 7 8 :0 01 9 -7 -2 0 0 7 9 :0 0
1 8 -7 -2 0 0 7 9 :0 01 9 -7 -2 0 0 7 1 0 :0 0
1 8 -7 -2 0 0 7 1 0 :0 01 9 -7 -2 0 0 7 1 1 :0 0
D e p th C la s s e s ? D a te - t im e ( t id e p h a s e ) ?
2 .5 -7 .5 m 7 .5 -1 2 .5 m 1 2 .5 -1 7 .5 m
S e a p o in t
-8 0 0
-7 0 0-6 0 0
-5 0 0
-4 0 0
-3 0 0
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0
0 5 0 1 0 0 1 5 0 2 0 0
F T Ud
iep
te (c
m)
S e a p o in t
-1 8 0 0-1 6 0 0-1 4 0 0-1 2 0 0-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0-6 0 0-4 0 0-2 0 0
00 2 0
die
pte
(cm
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S e a p oin t
-1 4 0 0
-1 2 0 0
-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0
-6 0 0
-4 0 0
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00 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0
F TU
die
pte
(cm
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S e a p o in t
-1 8 0 0-1 6 0 0-1 4 0 0-1 2 0 0-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0-6 0 0-4 0 0-2 0 0
00 1 0 2 0
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-8 0 0-6 0 0
-4 0 0
-2 0 0
00 5 1 0 1 5
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-1 8 0 0-1 6 0 0-1 4 0 0-1 2 0 0-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0-6 0 0-4 0 0-2 0 0
0-2 0 2 4 6
ln (FT U )
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-1 4 0 0
-1 2 0 0
-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0
-6 0 0
-4 0 0
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00 5 1 0 1 5
F T U
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p oin t
-1 6 0 0
-1 4 0 0
-1 2 0 0
-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0
-6 0 0-4 0 0
-2 0 0
00 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0
F TU
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a po in t
-8 0 0
-7 0 0
-6 0 0
-5 0 0
-4 0 0
-3 0 0-2 0 0
-1 0 0
0-2 0 2 4 6
ln (F TU )
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-8 0 0-7 0 0
-6 0 0
-5 0 0
-4 0 0
-3 0 0-2 0 0
-1 0 0
00 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0
F TU
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-5 0 0
-4 0 0
-3 0 0
-2 0 0
-1 0 0
00 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 0
F TU
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0
-6 0 0
-4 0 0
-2 0 0
00 2 0 4 0 6 0
F TU
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-9 0 0-8 0 0-7 0 0-6 0 0-5 0 0-4 0 0-3 0 0-2 0 0-1 0 0
00 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0
F T U
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p oi n t
-1 4 0 0
-1 2 0 0
-1 0 0 0
-8 0 0
-6 0 0
-4 0 0
-2 0 0
00 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0
F T U
die
pte
(cm
)
S e a p o in t
-2 0 0 0
-1 5 0 0
-1 0 0 0
-5 0 0
00 1 0 2 0
die
pte
(cm
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S e a p o int
-5 0 0
-4 0 0
-3 0 0
-2 0 0
-1 0 0
00 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0
FT U
die
pte
(cm
)
Profiles for various depth classes at corresponding tide conditions on 2 consecutive days (18 & 19 July 2007)
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
EARTH OBSERVATION (Remote sensing)It was decided in 2006 to pursue the feasibilty of earth observations for the port’s monitoring obligations.
discharge of fines at borrow areaà silt concentrations (TSM) along Ducth coastà resulting changes in turbidity à impact on chlorophyle àresulting primary production à etc.
Sponsor of a pilot project “T0TSM” initiated by :
o Delft Hydraulic Laboratories, (WL | Delft), Delft
o Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Univ. Amsterdam
financed (50%) by Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programmes (NIVR)
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T0TSM : Remote Sensing and Data-Model Integrationusing the hydraulic numerical models especially developed for the
Maasvlakte 2 project and combine them with available satelite imagery.
Remote Sensing and Statistical ToolsAt the same time PMV2 decided to initiate a second route using the
same satellite imagery and applying statistical tools only (multiple linear
regression analysis).
This is carried out by : Consultancy Data-Analyse Ecology
PURPOSE :
explain past & predict future dispersion of silt as a function of the discharge at the dredge site (online management tool)
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Thank You for your attention
Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Analyse SeaWiFS images with multiple lineairregression
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Environmental Monitoring Maasvlakte 2
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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2COSTS & ACCURACY
o The initial costs to develop the above described systems using the observations are high, and should be considered an investment for the future. The baseline surveys in the field shall establish sufficient calibration data !!
o Once the system is operational the costs, compared to “regular”surveys out on the North Sea, are far less. Savings may be a factor 10 to 100 per sampling point.
o Monitoring can be done whenever a new remote sensing image of the project area is available. (behind a desk)
o The more data becomes available the higher the accuracy of the predictions. Ratio of measuring points per year (150 x 80 km2) field survey : remote sensing à 600 : 1,500 to 6,300
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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2APPLICABILITY FOR OTHERS (Boundary Conditions)
o The initiator must have sufficient in-house knowledge concerning the “case” to be monitored, but in most instances will need to hire the required expertise from outside sources.
o The statistical approach can always be done provided field calibration data is acquired. Furthermore data on tides, currents and waves is also essential, in The Netherlands this is readily availble in the public domain (RIKZ).
o The remote sensing and data-model integration technique implies that an uptodate numerical model should be available. The setting up and running of such models is specialist’s work and outsourced in nearly all cases.
o The satellite images can be obtained from public or commerical sources but always need special elaboration for both techniques.
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SPM concentration at the sea surfaceretrieved from MERIS RR data on July15, 2003. Colorscale 10log(mg/l), sameas center panel.
SPM concentration of the surface layer fromDelft3D WAQ model, July 15, 2003 (without data assimilation). Colorscale 10log(mg/l).
Available in situ monitorings stations of SPM in Dutch and Belgian waters for hindcast year2003. Colorbar: nr. of samples per year per station.
Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2
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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2
For details reference is made to poster presentation
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Earth Observations for Maasvlakte 2
Technical publications are prepared and will follow soon