malaysian r&d contributions to pakistan edible oil sectors
TRANSCRIPT
Malaysian R&D Contributions to Pakistan Edible Oil Sectors
Datuk Dr. Choo Yuen May Director General of MPOB
16-17 January 2014
MALAYSIA – PAKISTAN PALM OIL TRADE FAIR & SEMINAR (POTS) 2014
PRESENTATION OUTLINES
2. Corporate Information and Roles of MPOB
1. Overview of the Malaysian Oil Palm Industry
3. Nutritional Attributes of Palm Oil
4. Palm Oil for Food and Non-Food Applications
5. Malaysia-Pakistan: A Closer Partnership
6. Conclusion
1. OVERVIEW OF MALAYSIAN PALM OIL INDUSTRY
3 3
4
World’s second largest producer and exporter of palm oil
Oil palm cultivation in 2013 : 5.20 mil. Ha
Palm oil (crude) production in 2013 : 19.21 mil. T
Export earnings in 2013 : RM 61.29 billion (USD 19.45 billion)
Malaysian palm oil exported to more than 170
countries. Source : MPOB
Malaysian Palm Oil Industry
Overview of The Malaysian Palm Oil Industry
WORLD MAJOR PRODUCERS & EXPORTERS OF PALM OIL (2012) (‘000 TONNES)
Major Producers Major Exporters
Source: Oil World Annual 2013
Country Volume
Indonesia 28,500
Malaysia 19,400 Thailand 1,720
Colombia 1,040
Nigeria 960
Ecuador 565
Total (Inc. Others) 56,313
Country Volume
Indonesia 19,094
Malaysia 17,576 Papua N/Guinea 540
U.A.E 330
Thailand 304
Ivory Coast 278
Total (Inc. Others) 40,780
MALAYSIAN PALM OIL EXPORTS TO MAJOR DESTINATION
China Pakistan EU India USA Others
2010 3,483 2,135 2,064 1,170 1,028 6,784
2011 3,982 1,821 2,006 1,668 1,055 7,461
2012 3,502 1,343 2,221 2,640 1,029 6,841
2013 3,700 1,428 2,337 2,325 1,012 7,320
Source : MPOB
• The Malaysian palm oil is exported to more than 170 countries worldwide.
(‘0
00
ton
nes)
0 500
1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500
China Pakistan EU India USA
2010 2011 2012 2013 Total: 2010: 16.66 mil. tonnes 2011: 17.99 mil. tonnes 2012: 17.58 mil. tonnes 2013: 18.12 mill tonnes
2. CORPORATE INFORMATION AND ROLES OF MPOB
7
ESTABLISHMENT
• MPOB was established by an Act of Parliament (Act 582) effective on 1 May 2000
• Took over function of PORIM and PORLA
CORPORATE INFORMATION AND ROLE OF MPOB
1979 1976
• Research and Development (R&D) • Commercialisation of Research
Findings • Licensing and Enforcement • Consultancy and Advisory Services • Training • Resource and Information Centre • Others
MAIN FUNCTIONS
CORPORATE INFORMATION AND ROLE OF MPOB
High Income Strategy
OIL PALM INDUSTRY TRANSFORMATION IN LINE WITH
VISION 2020
VISION
MISSION
R&D STRATEGY
Zero Waste Strategy
Value Addition Strategy
Marketing
Optimising Land Use Utilisation Biomass Components
Increasing Value of Palm Oil Products
VISION
To become the premier Nobel Laureate-producing research and development institution, providing leadership and impetus for the development of a highly diversified, value-added, globally competitive and sustainable oil palm industry.
MISSION
To enhance the well-being of the Malaysian oil palm industry through research, development and excellent services.
To ensure healthy and orderly growth of the industry through compliance of MPOB Laws and Regulations
Enforcement activities; Inspection of premises Intelligent & Information gathering Investigation & Surveillance of malpractices Raiding Support services
ACTIONS !!! Warnings, Compounds, Seizures &
Forfeitures, Prosecutions 11
ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
ROLE OF MPOB
Ensure that practices towards producing good quality oil palm
products are promoted and good quality control activities are
observed in all sectors of the industry.
Regulating and monitoring :
Quality of the oil palm products produced by mills,
crushing factories and refineries
Activities of the service sector includes surveying,
testing by commercial labs, bulking installations,
warehouse (palm kernel expeller), packers of palm oil,
exporters, importers
12
QUALITY CONTROL ACTIVITIES
ROLE OF MPOB
WASHINGTON, DC
BRUSSELS
CAIRO
KARACHI SHANGHAI (PORTSIM)
13
TECHNICAL ADVISORY REGIONAL OFFICES
ROLE OF MPOB
13
MPOB Head Office
KUALA LUMPUR
FUNCTIONS OF REGIONAL OFFICES
To facilitate the expansion in world-wide demand for Malaysian palm oil and increase its relative value by:
Promoting and sustaining greater utilization and acceptance of Malaysian palm oil by providing technical services and organising promotional activities
Promoting and persuading improvement in policies and regulatory instruments related to trade and transportation
Being a front-liner of the Malaysian palm oil industry in addressing issues on sustainability and nutritional aspects especially in Europe and the USA
ROLE OF MPOB
• Standard development – PSQCA
• Palm Oil Credit and Payment Arrangement (POCPA) for Pakistan especially during 80’s
• Technical training / assistance
• Collaboration study
MPOB involvement in the oils & fats industry in Pakistan
MPOB Technical Assistance in Pakistan
• POFP (91 participants from Pakistan)
• RBD PO and olein quality monitoring project (1999 – 2001)
• CPO quality monitoring project (2010)
• MPOB – PEORA Technical Seminar in 2008, 2010, 2012
• MPOB – PVMA Seminar 2010
• MPOB – PSQCA Seminar 2013
Quality Monitoring Project of CPO During Shipment from Malaysia to Pakistan (2010/11)
• The study has shown that the quality of CPO shipped to Pakistan conforms to contractual specifications.
• A good handling practice procedures is very important to minimize or avoid quality deteriorations.
Number of Shipments 48 Quantity involved Results FFA (5% max)
230,616MT
Out of Spec 3
M&I (0.25% max) 3
MPOB-PEORA Seminar 2010 and 2012
Technical visit and assistance for PEORA member
MPOB – CAP Briefing 2012
MPOB – PKC Seminar 2012
MPOB-PVMA MOU 2010
MPOB – PSQCA Seminar 2013
MPOB Pocket Book on Palm Oil Uses – Urdu version
NUTRITIONAL ATTRIBUTES OF PALM OIL
FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH
• 85% of world’s palm oil production
is used as food
• Nutritional research is a major thrust
area for MPOB
• Positioning palm oil as a superior
functional and nutritive oil is our
goal
PALM OIL NUTRITION RESEARCH
• Great strides have been made over the
last 25 years in elucidating a number of
the health benefits of palm oil and its
fractions
• This has resulted in:
– over 200 publications in high impact
peer reviewed journals
– collaborative projects undertaken at
both local and international centres of
excellence
CHD Palm Vitamin E
Carcinogenisis Red Palm Oil
Palm Flavonoids
Other Studies
Total
USA / Canada
39 24 10 4 - 3 80
Europe 6 3 - 1 - 1 11 Australia 11 4 - - 3 - 18 Asia/ Midle East
12 - - 3 - - 15
Africa 4 - - 6 - - 10
Malaysia - MPOB - Others
13 6
9
10
8 4
1 -
3 -
2 -
36 20
Total 91 50 22 15 6 6 190
Nutrition Research Projects
(1983 – 2012)
OUTCOMES OF PALM OIL
NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH
• The Food and Agriculture Organisation
(FAO) and World Health Organisation (WHO) have endorsed palm oil as meeting
food standards under Codex Alimentarius
Commission (CAC) Programme.
• As a balanced vegetable oil, palm oil is a
source of energy, it is free of cholesterol and trans fatty acids and packed with
health-inducing carotenoids and vitamin E.
Palm oil contains almost equal
amounts of unsaturated and
saturated fats. In the body, it
behaves more like a
monounsaturated fat and has no
adverse impact on cholesterol
levels.
OUTCOMES OF PALM OIL
NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH
Ong and Goh, 2002. Food Nutr Bull., Vol. 23, no. 1, The United Nations University
Food Nutr Bull, 2002 Mar:23(1):11-22
Palm oil: a healthful and cost-effective dietary component
A.S.H. Ong and S.H. Goh Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract: Palm oil is an excellent choice for food manufacturers because of its nutritional benefits and versatility. The oil is highly structured to contain predominantly oleic acid at sn2-position in the major triacylglycerols to account for the beneficial effects described in numerous nutritional studies.
Palm oil is beneficial in lowering lipoprotein(a) which is associated with cardiovascular disease
Palm olein and olive oil have similar beneficial effects on blood cholesterol
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS MUFA OILS
Choudhury N, Tan L, Truswell S.
1995 AJCN
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
TC LDL-C HDL-C LDL-C/HDL-C
Palm olein Olive oil
Voon et al. 2011 AJCN Ng et al. 1992 AJCN
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
TC HDL-C
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
TC LDL-C HDL-C LDL-C/HDL-C
Palm olein Olive oil
Palm olein and olive oil have similar beneficial effects on blood cholesterol
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS MUFA OILS
Wood et al. 1993 J Nutr Biochem
Palm olein is comparable with sunflower oil on lipid profile
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
1 1.2 1.4
Apo-A1 Apo-B 0
2
4
6
TC HDL LDL TAG
Baseline sunflower oil
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
TC HDL LDL TAG
Baseline 80% palm oil + 20% sunflower oil
0
0.5
1
1.5
Apo-A1 Apo-B
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS MUFA OILS
Ghafoorunissa et al.
1995 Lipids Palm olein is comparable with groundnut oil on lipid profile
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
TC HDL LDL TAG
groundnut oil palm olein
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS MUFA OILS
38
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-20
0
20
40
60
80
Time (h)
% c
han
ge in
pla
sma
TAG
mea
n w
ith
95%
CI
HOS PO IPO Lard0
1
2
3
4 Linear trend P=0.001
a,b
a,b
b,cc
iAU
C
GM
95%
CI
Palm olein is similar with high oleic sunflower oil on
triacylglycerol response
ACUTE PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS MUFA OILS
Sanders et al. 2011 AJCN
PALM OIL PHYTONUTRIENTS
Carotenoids
Vitamin E (Tocotrienols, tocopherols)
Phytosterol
Coenzyme Q10
Squalene
Lecithin
Tocotrienols • Antioxidant properties • Cholesterol lowering properties • Anti-cancer activities • Neuroprotective properties • Immune regulation
VALUE ADDITION THROUGH PALM PHYTONUTRIENTS
ppm
VITAMIN E CONTENT IN FATS AND OILS
Choo et al. 2005 Lipids; Sundram et al. 1989. Cancer Res; Nesaretnam et al. 2008 Cancer Lett
-80 120 320 520 720 920 1120
Palm Oil
Cottonseed Oil
Soybean oil
Cocoa Butter
Coconut Oil
Lard
TocopherolsTocotrienols
Palm Kernel Oil
Olive Oil Peanut
Oil Sunflower
Oil Corn Oil
Tocopherols
Tocotrienols
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS
Carotenoids Pro-vitamin A – solution to vitamin A deficiency
• Anti-cancer effects
• Anti-oxidant
• Stimulation of the immune system
• Cardiovascular protection
• Prevention of cataract
VALUE ADDITION THROUGH PALM PHYTONUTRIENTS
44 44
• Palm Oil/Olein with high content of and carotenes
• The only vegetable oil containing both natural carotene and tocotrienols
• Suitable for shallow frying and salad dressing
PALM PHYTONUTRIENTS: RED PALM OIL/OLEIN
BENEFITS OF CAROTENE IN RED PALM OIL
• Improves vitamin A and anti-oxidative status • Reduces prevalence of Bitot’s spot
Bitot’s Spot (A sign of Vitamin A deficiency)
APPLICATIONS OF RED PALM OIL
The Colourful World of Phenolics
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF OIL PALM PHENOLICS • Antioxidant
• Anti microbial
• Anti atherogenic
• Anti cancer
• Anti diabetic
• Anti hypertensive
• Anti inflammatory
• Memory
enhancing
• Anti obesity
• Anti spasmodic
• Anti thrombotic
• Anti allergenic
• Anti ulcer
confirmed
In vitro, whole animal and
microarray studies
PALM OIL FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS
High Nutritional Value
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Free
Free of Trans-Fatty Acid
Cholesterol Free
Competitive Price
High Stability
Anti-Oxidant Property
ADVANTAGES OF PALM OIL IN FOOD APPLICATIONS
Traditional Foods • Cooking oil • Industrial Frying Fats • Margarine • Shortening • Vegetable Ghee • Confectionery Fats • Ice Cream • Filled Milk • Non-Dairy Food Products
(Cheese analogue, Creamer) As a source of pro Vitamin A and E
PALM OIL AS A COOKING OIL • The unique fatty acid composition
and natural antioxidants confer: – Good oxidative stability: long
shelf life – Excellent thermal stability:
perfect for shallow and deep frying
• Most other vegetable oils need to be partially hydrogenated to increase stability
• Palm oil is trans free
CURRENT FACTS ON TRANS-FATTY ACIDS (TFA)
• TFA contributes to increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
• WHO/FAO (2003-2009) Recommendation: TFA should be limited to < 1% of total daily energy in human diet.
• In most EU countries and North America: 2% TFA limit in dietary oils/fats
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
Sundram et al. 1992 BJN
Palm oil, when replacing a major part of the normal fat content in a Dutch diet (hydrogenated and animal fats), may slightly improve the lipid profile
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TC LDL HDL1 HDL 2 HDL3
Baseline Control (Dutch diet) Palm oil
mmol/l
Pedersen et al
2005 APJCN
Palm oil has a more favourable effect on the fibrinolytic system (anti-coagulation) compared to partially hydrogenated soybean oil.
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
Sundram et al. 1997 J Nutr
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
Trans fat increased total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) and decreased HDL cholesterol compared to the palm olein diet
0
5
10
15
20
Lp(a)
mg/dL
0
0.5
1
1.5
APO A-I APO B APO B/A-I
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Habitual TFA MUFA Palm olein Lauric+Myristic mmol/l
Muller et al. 1998 BJN
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TC LDL-C HDL-C LDL-C/HDL-C TAG
mm
ol/L
Baseline
PALM-diet
TRANS-diet
PUFA-diet
Palm olein diet increased HDL cholesterol compared to
trans fats diet
CHRONIC PALM OLEIN STUDIES:
PALM OLEIN VS TRANS FATS
Trans fat diet depressed HDL cholesterol levels
Sundram et al. 2003 Eur J Nutr
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
TC LDL-C HDL-C
mm
ol/L
Baseline
High sat
High trans
Filling with ease
Soft margarine
Fluidized margarine
General purpose margarine
Slab margarine
Pastry margarine
Cake margarine
shortening
PALM OIL-BASED TRANS-FREE MARGARINE FORMULATIONS
PALM OIL IN GHEE SUBSTITUTES (TRANS-FREE FAT VEGETABLE GHEE)
PALM OIL IN DAIRY PRODUCTS SUBSTITUTES
Palm-based mozzarella analogue
Evaporated Milk/Condensed Milk
Non-dairy Creamer/ Whiteners
SPECIALTY FATS/ CONFECTIONARY FATS
OTHER FOOD APPLICATIONS
Palm based Coconut Milk o better long term
stability compared to coconut milk
Palm based Mayonnaise
and Salad Dressing
OTHER FOOD APPLICATIONS
Palm-based Cheese • palm oil and palm
kernel oil fractions can substitute milk fat in cheese analogue.
OTHER FOOD APPLICATIONS
Palm-based Ice Cream • palm oil is suitable due
to its narrow plastic range with high solid at low temperature.
APPLICATIONS IN FOODS & BAKING SECTORS
PALM OIL FOR NON-FOOD APPLICATIONS
PALM OLEOCHEMICALS DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS
Transparent soap
Personal care products
MES-Based detergents/cleaning products
70 70
POLYOLS – POLYURETHANES
ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY PALM BASED PRODUCTS
Palm Based Grease and Food Grade Grease
Agrochemical: Palm-Based Water-Based Insecticide Palm-Based Printing Ink
PALM BIOFUEL
BIODIESEL INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA
• Malaysia has undertaken R&D on palm-based biofuels since 1981
• Home-grown palm biodiesel production technologies, including winter grade biodiesel have been successfully commercialised
• Palm biodiesel is used locally in Malaysia’s B5 programme and also exported
• Palm biodiesel meets international standards (EN14214 and ASTM D6751)
Biodiesel Plant in Surat Thani,
Thailand
Biodiesel Plant in Pasir Gudang,
Malaysia
Summer-Grade Palm Biodiesel
Pour point +15°C
Winter-Grade Palm Biodiesel
Pour point –21°C
PALM BIODIESEL
Winter-grade Palm
Biodiesel Plant 30,000
TPA
Normal-grade Palm Biodiesel
Plant 60,000 TPA
PALM BIODIESEL PLANT IN MALAYSIA
PALM OIL FOR NON-OIL BIOMASS APPLICATIONS
VALUE ADDITION THROUGH BIOMASS UTILIZATION
• Production of syngas (gasification) • Production of bio-oils (pyrolysis) • Production of palm bioethanol • Palm biomass synthetic diesel (CDP)
2ND GENERATION BIOFUELS EMERGING FIELD FROM PALM BIOMASS
PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT BASED BIOGAS PLANT
• For on and off grid application • Digester and covered lagoon technology • Steam and electricity applications • Co-firing in biomass boiler and diesel
genset to reduce the utilization of the palm shell and diesel
• Capable to generate about 1 – 2 MW from 60 t/hr POM
Ponding system of POME treatment
FURTHER APPLICATIONS OF OIL PALM BIOMASS
OIL PALM BIOMASS
BOARD OF VARIOUS KINDS
• MDF • Plywood • Moulded particleboard • Sawn lumber
PROPERTIES OF OPT, OPF & EFB FIBRE BUNDLES • Fibre quality • Fibre morphology • Fibre properties • Usable fibre fractions
OTHER PRODUCT TYPES
• Oil palm heart • Carbon products • Carboxymethyl
cellulose • Fine chemicals
FIBRE REINFORCING COMPOSITES
• Agrolumber • Plastic composite
PAPER PULP & PAPER PRODUCTS
• Chemical pulp • Semi-mechanical pulp • Mechanical pulp • Moulded paper products • Soilless planting medium
6. Malaysia – Pakistan a Closer Partnership
82
Malaysia and Pakistan had signed a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) known as MPCEPA on 8 Nov 2007
Malaysia's first bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) with a member of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC).
Malaysia-Pakistan bilateral trade increased from RM3.3 billion in 2006 to RM4.1 billion in 2012
Malaysia Pakistan Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (MPCEPA)
83
Selected Malaysian palm oil products enjoyed Margin of Preference (MoP) of 10% in 2008-2009 and 15% in 2010.
Malaysian palm products consisted more than 50% of export value to Pakistan in 2013
Pakistan was the fourth largest importer of Malaysian palm oil in 2013 after China, India and EU
Duty Reduction for Malaysia Palm Products Under the MPCEPA
Product 2011 2012 2013
PO 1,821,009 1,343,254 1,427,605
PKO 8,377 10,355 4,003
Oleo 12,835 17,208 23,494
FP 10,242 11,350 16,828
PKC 72,510 54,116 57,062
Others 5,655 3,239 4,813
Total 1,930,628 1,439,522 1,533,806
Source: MPOB 2013
Pakistan’s Imports of Malaysian Oil Palm Products (Tonnes)
85
MPOB Regional Office was established in Karachi, Pakistan in April 1984.
Palm oil contributes more than 50% of Pakistan’s edible oil requirements
Palm oil related industry such as vanaspati industry has been growing well in Pakistan.
Malaysia-Pakistan JV in palm oil refinery, bulking installation and jetty
Malaysia-Pakistan Palm Oil Trade: A Closer Partnership
86
MPOB – Pakistan Edible Oil Refinery Association (PEORA) MOU in 2009
MPOB - Pakistan Vanaspati Manufacturer Association (PVMA) MOU in 2010.
Palm Oil Trade and Seminar (POTS) in Karachi in 2007 and 2011
Oil palm plantation pilot project – Pakistan Oilseed Development Board (PODB) since 2002
Malaysia-Pakistan Palm Oil Trade: A Closer Partnership
MPOB-PVMA MOU 2010
MPOB – PVMA MOU signing ceremony
POTS 2007 and POTS 2011
7. CONCLUSION
89 89
• Palm oil is a very important food source and provides needed energy to the world population.
• It is trans-free and has a wide range of applications in the food industry.
• The unique fatty acid composition of palm oil makes it a nutritious and functional oil in various food applications
• Palm oil behaves like unsaturated oils e.g. olive oil, sunflower oil and groundnut oil.
CONCLUSIONS
• Scientific evidence that dietary palm oil reduces the risk parameters to cardiovascular diseases.
• The phytonutrients are additional health benefits of the oil.
• The unique composition of palm oil also offers potential for non-food applications.
• The steady supply of quality Malaysian palm oil will help meet the increasing global demand for oils and fats
• Pakistan will continue to be a major market for Malaysian palm oil and MPOB will continue to provide technical support to Pakistan.
CONCLUSIONS
