Man-Made issues are any such issues

created due to human activities and

cause harm to the environment.

Nuclear Disaster

Biological

Disaster

Chemical

Disaster

Terrorism

Global Warming

When nuclear weapons are detonated or nuclear containment systems are otherwise compromised, airborne radioactive particles (nuclear fallout) can scatter and irradiate large areas. Not only is it deadly, but it also has a long-term effect on the next generation for those who are contaminated. Ionizing radiation is hazardous to living things, and in such a case much of the affected area could be unsafe for human habitation.

Nuclear Event’s

1945•Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan

1979•3 Mile Islands, USA

2001

•Chernobly1986

•Tomsk, Russia 1993

•Fukushima Daiichi, Japan

3 Mile Islands, USA The Three Mile Island accident was a

partial nuclear meltdown that occurred on

March 28, 1979, in one of the two Three

Mile Island nuclear reactors in Dauphin

County, Pennsylvania, United States. It

was the worst accident in U.S.

commercial nuclear power plant history.

The incident was rated a five on the

seven-point International Nuclear Event

Scale: Accident With Wider

Consequences.

Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan

In August 1945, during the final stage

of the Second World War , the United

States dropped atomic bombs on the

Japanese cities of Hiroshima and

Nagasaki. The two bombings, which

killed at least 129,000 people, remain

the only use of nuclear

weapons for warfare in history.

Chernobly The Chernobyl disaster was a

catastrophic nuclear accident that

occurred on 26 April 1986 at the

Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in

Ukraine , which was under the direct

jurisdiction of the central authorities of

the Soviet Union. An explosion and fire

released large quantities of radioactive

particles into the atmosphere, which

spread over much of the western USSR

and Europe.

Tomsk, Russia There was a nuclear accident at the

Tomsk-7 Reprocessing Complex on April

6, 1993, when a tank exploded while being

cleaned with nitric acid. The explosion

released a cloud of radioactive gas. TIME

magazine has identified the Tomsk-7

explosion as one of the 10 world's "worst

nuclear disasters".

Fukushima Daiichi, Japan The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

was a nuclear disaster at the Fukushima I

Nuclear Power Plant that began on 2011

and resulted in a nuclear meltdown of

three of the plant's six nuclear

reactors.The failure occurred when the

plant was hit by a tsunami that had been

triggered by the magnitude 9.0 Tōhoku

earthquake.

Biological Disaster They are referred as poor man’s nuclear

bomb as they are easy to manufacture,

trans port and have the ability to kill

hundreds and thousands of people. They

are delivered using dusting airplanes or

small perfumes atomizers. They have ability

to generate immediate effects.

Biological Event’s

Plague Bacilli Attack China

Sverdlovsk Anthrax Leak , Russia

Anthrax Attack , Russia

Plague Bacilli AttackDuring the Japanese occupation of China

(1932-45), they attack up to 11 Chinese

cities with anthrax, cholera, salmonella and

other agents.

Sverdlovsk Anthrax Leak

The Sverdlovsk anthrax leak was an incident in

which spores of anthrax were accidentally

released from a military facility in the city of

Sverdlovsk 1450 km east of Moscow on April

2, 1979. This accident is sometimes called

"biological Chernobyl".

Anthrax Attack The 2001 anthrax attacks in the United States,

also known as Amerithrax from its FBI case

name, occurred over the course of several weeks

beginning on Tuesday, September 18, 2001, one

week after the September 11 attacks. Letters

containing anthrax spores were mailed to several

news media offices and two Democratic U.S.

Senators, killing five people and infecting 17

others.

Chemical Disaster Disasters that are caused by the excessive

use and misuse of chemicals in industries

are called chemical disasters. The

irresponsible handling of powerful

chemicals can cause widespread

devastation. The impacts of chemical

accidents can be deadly for both human

beings and the environments.

Chemical Event’s

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1917

1944

1984

Halifax Explasion The Halifax Explosion occurred in Halifax, Nova

Scotia, Canada, on the morning of December 6,

1917. SS Mont-Blanc, a French cargo ship fully

loaded with wartime explosives, was involved in a

collision with the Norwegian vessel SS Imo in the

Narrows, a strait connecting the upper Halifax

Harbour to Bedford Basin. Approximately twenty

minutes later, a fire on board the French ship ignited

her explosive cargo, causing a cataclysmic explosion

that devastated the Richmond District of Halifax.

Approximately 2,000 people were killed by debris,

fires, and collapsed buildings, and it is estimated that

nearly 9,000 others were injured.

Port Chicago Disaster The Port Chicago disaster was a deadly

munitions explosion that occurred on July 17, 1944, at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in Port Chicago, California, United States. Munitions detonated while being loaded onto a cargo vessel bound for the Pacific Theater of Operations, killing 320 sailors and civilians and injuring 390 others. Most of the dead and injured were enlisted African-American sailors.

Bhopal Disaster The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the

Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident in India, considered the world's worst industrial disaster. It occurred on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanine (MIC) gas and other chemicals. The toxic substance made its way in and around the shanty towns located near the plant. Estimates vary on the death toll. The official immediate death toll was 2,259.

Terrorism Environmental terrorism consists of one or

more unlawful actions that harm or destroy

environmental resources and-or deprive

others of their use. More colloquially, the

phrase is also used to label actions seen as

the unnecessary and unjustified destruction

of the environment for personal and-or

corporate gain

Terrorist Attack’sBeirut Barracks Bombing/ Lebanon

• 1989

Dubrovka Theater Siege/Russia

• 2002

Piazza Fontana Bombing/Italy

1969

911 Attacks/United States

• 2001

Beirut Barracks Bombing The Beirut Barracks Bombings (1983, in

Beirut, Lebanon) occurred during the Lebanese Civil War when two truck bombs struck separate buildings housing United States and French military forces-members of the Multinational Force in Lebanon-killing 299 American and French servicemen. Dubrovka Theater Siege

The Moscow theater hostage crisis, also known as the

2002 Nord-Ost siege, was the seizure of the crowded

Dubrovka Theater on 2002 by 40 to 50 armed Chechens

who claimed allegiance to the Islamist militant separatist

movement in Chechnya. They took 850 hostages and

demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from

Chechnya and an end to the Second

Chechen War.

Piazza Fontana Bombing The Piazza Fontana Bombing was a terrorist attack that

occurred on , 1969 when a bomb exploded at the

headquarters of National Agrarian Bank in Piazza

Fontana in Milan, Italy, killing 17 people and wounding

88. The same afternoon, three more bombs were

detonated in Rome and Milan, and another was found

undetonated.911 Attacks/United States

The September 11 attacks were a series of four

coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist

group al-Qaeda on the United States in New York City

and the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area on

Tuesday, September 11, 2001. The attacks killed 2,996

people and caused at least $10 billion in property and

infrastructure damage.

Global Warming Global warming is the rise in the average

temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.

Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and scientists are more than 90% certain that it is primarily caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.

Cause of Global Warming

Man-Made

Disaster (%90)

Natural Disaster

(%9)

Other (%1)

90%

9%

1%

Man-Made

Natural

Other

The World’s 10 Cleanest

Countries Researchers at Yale and Columbia ranked

countries’ environmental performance

based on 25 metrics, including water and

air quality, habitat protection and the

impact of the environment on the health of

the population. European countries make

up more than half of the top 30, while the

U.S. ranks 61st.

10. Columbia Colombia is the last in this list. The last year

the government made a lot of efforts in

order to slow down or stop deforestation.

9 – Cuba Despite the political problems, Cuba takes

care of their beautiful environment. Yet their

efforts are admirable.

8 – Austria Another little country, Austria. The

government is directly supporting the citizens in growing plants and garden.

Vienna is the only city in the world with noteworthy winegrowing operations within the city boundaries.

7 – France

France has always been one of the

most promoter of

renewable energy

6 – Mauritius Small paradise also for the environment.

Today Mauritius has a “Ministry Of Environment” which is responsible for the cleanliness of the island, and they have a very effective anti-litter campaign.

5 – Norway

Other North European country on top

another commitment. Norway has

promised to stop emitting gas before

the 2030.

4 – Sweden Talking about commitment, Sweden has

promised to use wind energy as primary

source before the 2020.

3 – Costa Rica We all know now Costa Rica right? The

“Switzerland” of Centre-America ranks on top for environment and commitment to maintain it.

2 – Switzerland Of course another not-surprising country.

Switzerland has a lot of green, but also does a lot to preserve it.

1 – Iceland As usual Iceland ranks the first. The small

country does a lot for the environment, both

with social and political initiatives.

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ATTENTION AND

DISCRETION !