manufacturingandprocessselectiondesign-140627015111-phpapp02.ppt

8/10/2019 manufacturingandprocessselectiondesign-140627015111-phpapp02.ppt

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Group 4

Manufacturing and

Process SelectionDesign



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Manufacturing process is a collection of technologies and methodsused to define how products are to be manufactured.

Selection process refers to stratergic decision of selecting whichkind of production processes to have in the manufacturing plant.

Design process : The process of deciding the characteristics of acompany's product offerings.Defines the customer base, image, competition, and future growth.

Establishes the strategic importance of satisfying the targetcustomers' needs and preferences.



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Types of Processes

• Conversion (ex. Iron to steel)

• Fabrication (ex. Cloth to clothes)

• Assembly (ex. Parts to components)

• Testing (ex. For quality of products)



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Process Flow Structures

• Job shop (ex. Copy center making a single copy of astudent term paper)

• Batch shop (ex. Copy center making 10,000 copies ofan ad piece for a business)

• Assembly Line (ex. Automobile manufacturer)

• Continuous Flow (ex. Petroleum manufacturer)



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IV.Continuous

Flow

III.Assembly

Line

II.Batch

I.Job

Shop

LowVolume,One of a

Kind

MultipleProducts,

LowVolume

FewMajor

Products,HigherVolume

HighVolume,

HighStandard-

ization

CommercialPrinter

FrenchRestaurant

HeavyEquipment

AutomobileAssemblyBurger King

SugarRefinery

Flexibility (High)Unit Cost (High)

Flexibility (Low)Unit Cost (Low)

These arethe majorstages of

productand

processlife cycles

Process

structureProcess lifecycle stage



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Break-Even Analysis

• A standard approach to choosing amongalternative processes or equipment

• Model seeks to determine the point in units

produced (and sold) where we will startmaking profit on the process or equipment

• Model seeks to determine the point in units

produced (and sold) where total revenue andtotal cost are equal



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Break-Even Analysis (Continued)

This formula can be used to find any of itscomponents algebraically if the otherparameters are known

Break-even Demand=

Purchase cost of process or equipmentPrice per unit - Cost per unit

or

Total fixed costs of process or equipmentUnit price to customer - Variable costs per unit



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Manufacturing Process Flow Design

• A process flow design can be defined as amapping of the specific processes that rawmaterials, parts, and subassemblies follow asthey move through a plant

• The most common tools to conduct a process

flow design include assembly drawings,assembly charts, and operation and routesheets



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Example: Process Flow Chart

MaterialReceivedfromSupplier

InspectMaterial forDefects Defects

found?

Return toSupplier forCredit

Yes

No ,Continue…



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Video

Lime stonehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7wmiG-c1B4

manufacturingandprocessselectiondesign-140627015111-phpapp02.ppt

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