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Maria Serafina Barbano e Claudia Pirrotta

Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche

e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Italy

33° Convegno Nazionale, Bologna 25-27 novembre 2014

WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE 1783 SEISMIC SEQUENCE?

Five devastating earthquakes struck the southern Calabria between Feb 5 and March 28; Earthquakes migrated from the Messina Strait toward NNE, along the axis of the Calabrian Arc; The aftershocks lasted for about ten years; More than 180 localities were totally destroyed or almost collapsed; There were more than 30,000 victims;

Historical data from CFTI (Boschi et al., 1995)


WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE 1783 SEISMIC SEQUENCE? the Aspromonte and Serre Mts landscape and the fluvial network geometry were changed by the triggered ground fracturing, landslides, deep gravitative deformations, liquefactions, deviation and dam of fluvial channels, as well as the development of numerous lakes;

The 1783 earthquakes are usually associated with the main NE-SW striking west-dipping active swarm of normal faults running along the Calabrian Arc.

Pirrotta et al. 2013


Jacques et al., GJI, 2002

Galli and Bosi, JGR 2002

Ferranti et al. 2008


Main sources: Sarconi 1784; Vivenzio 1783, 1788; De Dolemieu 1784.

Historical sources

Detailed effects in single locations, dates and hours of felt shocks: Messina: Corrao 1784, Gallo 1783, 1784; Reggio C.: Roscitano 1783; Scilla: Minasi 1783, 1785; Santa Sofia: Masci 1783; Castelmonardo: Serrao 1785; Catanzaro: De Leone 1783, Augusti 1784; Monteleone; Vivenzio 1788 Localities described by different authors


MAR TIRRENO

MAR IONIO

Legenda

Epicentro

10,5-11 9,5-10 8,5-9 7,5-8 6,5-7 5,5-6 4,5-5 3,5-4

1783-02-06

CALABRIA

SICILIA

Bagnara 3331 morti su 5679 abitanti: (Vivenzio), l’alta percentuale dei morti di sesso maschile 2883 individui, esclusi 57 ragazzi e 7 religiosi, si deve all’affondamento delle imbarcazioni dei pescatori per le onde di maremoto, avvenuto mentre le barche erano in mare. Le donne morte furono solo 384 (Sarconi). Scilla: Poco distrutta. Un tremuoto di mare entrò in terra da circa mezzo miglio con la morte in tutto di circa 1645 (Gallo, 1783)

(Boschi et al. 1995)


Rappresentazione delle rovine di Scilla con in basso alcuni episodi che colpirono l’attenzione degli scienziati (da Atlante della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Napoli in Principe, 2001)


February 7 at 22 Italian time (15 GMT)

On the beach of Reggio the soil sank and abundant spring water flow in the Giunchi area in the northern historical centre of the city (Roscitano, 1783).


SICILIA

CALABRIA

MAR IONIO

MAR TIRRENO

Legenda

Epicentro

10,5-11 9,5-10 8,5-9 7,5-8 6,5-7 5,5-6 4,5-5 3,5-4

1783-03-01

SICILIA

MAR TIRRENO

Legenda

Epicentro

10,5-11 9,5-10 8,5-9 7,5-8 6,5-7 5,5-6 4,5-5 3,5-4

CALABRIA

Monteleone

Nuova Filadelfia

Catanzaro

MAR IONIO

1783-03-01

(Boschi et al. 1995).


Very large felt area = deeper event The March 28 earthquake may be associated to a stress transfer toward larger depth, where accumulated stress is slowly released because rheological properties at deepest levels retard slips.


SICILIA

CALABRIA

Scilla

Reggio Calabria

Gerace

Canolo

MAR TIRRENO

MAR IONIO

1784-10-14

Legenda

Epicentro

10,5-11 9,5-10 8,5-9 7,5-8 6,5-7 5,5-6 4,5-5 3,5-4


Minor shocks on Ionian structures

Gioiosa Guardia


Future tasks: Re-studing the earthquakes; Reinterpretation of data on single site; Geomorphological studies; Paleoseismological trenches; More….

Remarks The preliminary analysis of the 1783 sequence highlights that macroseismic field of the single events can be overestimated, since earthquakes occurred close in space and time, and the observed damage is the cumulative effects of multiple events. Effects observed in some localities are reported for the strongest events, but they could be due to minor shocks. Only the Cittanova fault is well studied, a few information is available for the Mesima fault and about the 28 March seismic source


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