A PROJECT REPORT ON

“A Study of sales for a period (2009-2012)

DARPAN PUBLICATION INTERNATIONAL LIMITED”

SUBMITTED TO UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

BY

DEEPAK AGARWAL

90/BBA/100189

6TH SEMESTER, BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

NORTH BENGAL St. XAVIER’S COLLEGE.

DECLARATION

I Deepak Agarwal, student of 6th semester (B.B.A.) North Bengal St Xavier’s College, hereby declare that I have done this project with the best of my efforts. It is only through the humble efforts and the guidance of my externals as well as internal guide which enabled me to complete this project. There is no imitation of facts and figures as such from any other articles. The project is purely based on the relevant data arrived at, through survey.

Date: ______________________DEEPAK AGARWAL 90/BBA/100189

Place:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my heartfelt thanks to everyone who has helped me to complete this project successfully. I am very much grateful to Miss Sohini Guha(Assistant professor),who were my Internal Guide. They have provided immene help and suggestion to me in every step. It is through their humble efforts that I was able to complete my project.

I would also like to thank the members of “Darpan Publication International Limited”. Finally I would thank the managing director of “Darpan Publication International Limited” Mr. Kuldeep Chaudhary for finding me capable enough and allowing me to undertake my project ion his firm. I would also like to thank my external guide. Ma’am Indrani, for helping me through out while making the project. It was due to her cooperation, that I was able to gather relevant data. Above all I would thank my institute, North Bengal St. Xavier’s College for providing me the opportunity to prepare this project.

__________________Date: Signature

CONTENTS

SL.NO PARTICULARS PAGE NO

1INTRODUCTION

2 NEED FOR THE STUDY

3 OBJECTIVES

4 COMPANY PROFILE

5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

6 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

7DATA ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION

8 FINDINGS

9 SUGGESTIONS

10 BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION

A sale is an act of selling a product or service in return for money or other compensation. Signaling completion of the prospective stage, it is the beginning of an engagement between customer and vendor or the extension of that engagement.

The seller or salesperson – the provider of the goods or services – completes a sale in response to an acquisition or to an appropriation or to a request. There follows the passing of title (property or ownership) in the item, and the application and due settlement of a price, the obligation for which arises due to the seller’s requirement to pass ownership. Ideally, a seller agrees upon a price at which he willingly parts with ownership of or any claim upon the item. The purchaser, through a party to the sale does not execute the sale, only the seller does that. To be precise the sale completes prior to the payment and gives rise to obligation of payment. If the seller sompletes the first two above stages ( consent and passing ownership) of the sale prior to settlement of the price, the sale remains valid and gives rise to an obligation to pay.

This project is based on the study of overall sales trend of DARPAN PUBLICATION INTERNATIONAL LIMITED.

SALES TREND is the general direction in which sales trends to move. It is the Composite data of a company’s annual sales and employment over three to five year period, compiled against its financial reports in an effort to gauge its moving, or trend, and relative health against industry peers

Darpan Publication is one of the leading printers and publishers of the North Eastern region of the country. It’s in house publications include Purvanchal Bharat Darpan, Himalaya Darpan and Aek Din. Purvanchal Bharat Darpan is a

Hindi Daily and caters to siliguri and adjoining areas while Himalaya Darpan is the only 12 pages colored Nepali Daily of India with a circulation of over 40,000 copies every day and the first ever Nepali Daily to go online, where as Ek Din is the upcoming Bengali Daily. Along with its own dailies it also prints newspapers like Ganashakti, Dainik Jagran, sambad Pratidin, Aajkal, Sakalbela, The Bengal Post, Lotter Sambad, Uttarer Saradin, Kolkata Saradin, etc.

The company has invested around Rs 17 Corers over the past Six years and has a man power of 400 talented and highly skilled employees. With it management team the company has developed into in- depth knowledge of printing and every aspects of the process involved and in addition to being leading newspaper printer it has also diversified into commercial printing. It has also been printing various magazines and various printing jobs for government. The detailed study of sales trend in Darpan Publication International Limited is discussed in this Project.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

No business can run smoothly in this competitive world without knowing its

current and past performance. As a business owner, we are probably aware of

where our business could improve. Sometimes business owners want to

improve their business, but are not sure how to start the process. Sales trend

analysis is one of the best way which helps one know the past performance of

its business. This helps individual to identify their business strengths, weakness,

opportunities and threats, provide useful information that can help them develop

their business skills, investigate business market and industry to identify trends,

changes and customer or client demands, uses business data collected over a

period of time to identify consistent skills. This in overall will help one to solve

its business problems and plan future performance accordingly.

Sales trend analysis is also helpful in growing business. Growing business can

bring many benefits. For example, one can take advantage of new opportunities,

expand products or services, attract more customers, increase sales, and employ

more staff. Before taking action to grow one’s business, it is recommended to

consider why one wants to grow, whether the business is ready to grow, and

many ways how the business can grow. If the business is already experiencing

growth, there are still key steps that can be taken to plan any future growth.

By monitoring one’s business performance over an extended period of time, one can establish useful information on trends. This data can be used to refine business decisions and strategies.

The study of sales trend will help any business include Darpan Publication in the following ways:

Gain a better understanding of past performance in order to answer specific questions.

To solve business problems. To predict future performance. To improve the business performance. Determine those factors affecting the sales of each product group and

their relative importance. Help us understand the current position of the company. Help us identify the fields on which the company is lacking behind which

in turn will help us take corrective measures on those fields.

OBJECTIVES

The study on overall sales trend is done with regards to certain objectives.The objectives are enumerated as follows:-

To study the overall sales trends of Darpan Publications International limited

To examine the sales trend of individual business units of Darpan publications international limited

To undertake a comparative analysis of sales trends of all business units divisions of Darpan Publications International Limited

COMPANY PROFILE

Company Name: Darpan Publication International Limited

Place of Publication Siliguri (West Bengal)

Year of commencement: 1982

Founder: Mangtu Ram Chaudhary

Board of Director Sandip Kumar Chaudhary, Kuldip Chaudhary & Jaydip Chaudhary

Language Nepali/Hindi

Periodicity: Daily

Brief Facts:-

Himalaya Darpan:

The only 12 page colored Nepali daily of India. The only ABC certified Nepali daily in India. 2 weekly supplements:-

1. Darpan Darshika 2. Knowledge Darpan First ever Nepali daily to go online. You can view the paper anytime

anywhere in the world and can take print outs of your favorite news/article.

Purvanchal Bharat Darpan:

One of the oldest Hindi daily of North Bengal.

HISTROY OF DPIL (DARPAN PUBLICATION INTERNATIONAL LIMITED)

Mr. Mangtu Ram Chaudhary, an eminent figure of Siliguri, with dynamic ambition laid down the foundation of Darpan Publication Pvt. Ltd in 1982(later as Darpan Publication International Limited) with his sons Sandip Kumar Chaudhary, Kuldeep Kumar Chaudhary and Jaydip Kumar Chaudhary later joining as directors. Prior to the establishment of Darpan, the family was working with L&T cement as their distributors in West Bengal. Sandip analyzed that contractual Newspaper printing was an attractive business model especially considering Siliguri’s strategic location. Siliguri is the gateway to many destinations like Darjeeling, Sikkim, Dooars, Nepal, Bhutan and other Both East states of India and hence, a true transit point. Due to the non-availability of four-color printers in Siliguri, all the newspaper printing was regulated from Delhi and Kolkata. The main objective was to provide finest quality printing solution to its valuable customers with the vision to equip themselves with the most advanced printing machinery and technology and to be a complete house for printing of any kind and revolutionize the printing industry.

The modern office of Darpan Publication International Limited is situated in Siliguri from where all the three units of the company are managed. The 6000sq.ft Office has a state-of-the-art 30,000sq.ft .Production facility with modern machinery and equipment for Pre-press, Press and Post-press Processes. Pre-press is lead by a Heidelberg Duosetter and a Creo Dolev 450 and accompanied by a Heidelberg Supersetter (CTP), 3 plate exposures, laser printers, leased lines and other facilities. The Press section has 1 TPH Orient Super 546 mm cut-off 12 pages with 4 pages in color and 2 TPH Orient 546 mm cut-off 16 pages with 6 pages in color, and Heidelberg pm 74 & SM 102 sheet fed printing machine. Post-Press includes latest machinery for die-cutting, UV curing, lamination, perfect binding and packaging etc. the Durgapur office spread in 300sq.ft area has 3 floors and has 2 Orient Super 546 mm cut-off, 12 pages with 4 pages in color and 30,000 CPH, a CTP, 2 nos. of Creo Imagesetters, a plate processor, two plate exposures and two film processors, in addition to other prepress machinery and equipment. Kolkata setup consists of a

lassoing office of appx. 300sq.ft in the heart of the city and the press is spread in an area of 20,000sq.ft near Science City. It has dedicated leased lines, 2 nos. of CTP along with prepress equipment and two Orient Super 546 mm cut-off, 15 pages with 8 pages in color, 300,00 CPH web offset machines.

The company registered a turnover of Rs. 150 million in year 2012 and expected Rs. 200-250 million for 2013. Darpan projects their growth to reach a turnover of Rs 1 Billion in the coming 4 years. Apart from the three T’s (Tea, Tourism & Timber) that siliguri is known for, it is also an education hub, which is chiefly being catered to by Darpan. Darpan has been printing four-color covers for exercise books by ITC and also doing Lamination, UV coating etc. for them.

By the year 2000 it was realized that the one unit (black & white) and one folder capable of 16,000 CPH – a TPH Orient was not just enough, so it was decided to add colored capabilities to the printing facility and add a 3C Stat machine in 2001. Darpan also added a Duosetter imagesetter fro Heidelberg. BPIL could charge Rs 12 per inch for the films at that time which along with their commercial expansion turned the business towards profits. So, as the business started getting orders from outside, it put itself on a growth path. It was also found that a lot of Kolkata based newspapers were shipped through air. It was decided to provide them a proper setup to print at Siliguri. Soon Darpan’s first newspaper Ganashakti was in his fold. They started getting the files through an installed leased line.

As Darpan kept adding more newspapers to their portfolio, they also kept adding to their infrastructure. In due courses, they had three leased line for job files. Their machine line-up consisted chiefly of TPH Orient Presses. In 2004 the company got order from Ganashakti to print for them at Durgapur, situated in south of Bengal. Starting with a single machine they soon added another machine at Durgapur and today they print four newspapers there including Sakal Bela, the Bengal Post, and EKdin. Today, Darpan is printing at least 12 newspapers from Siliguri.

In 2005, Darpan entered into commercial printing market. They were already having a full-fledge pre-press set up along with a states-of-the-art Printing and Post-press facility. The infrastructure was there. Moreover, majority of the capacity was lying idle during daytime. And what they needed to add commercial printing was to just get a good sheet-fed machine. Siliguri, in addition to the Bengal market, caters to the printing needs of the neighboring states including Sikkim and nearby countries like Bhutan and Nepal. Initially Darpan faced difficulties catering to the fledging commercial market. After 2005 it saw a gradual growth from the previously meager amount three to five jobs a day. Subsequently, Darpan had a major installation a brand new Heidelberg Speedmaster SM 102.

Drapan is synonymous with printing in Siliguri. There are few who can match the infrastructure and printing quality of Darpan. When it installed the Duosetter in 2002, it got excellent support from Heidelberg. In 2006 Darpan started production at Kolkata as well from a rented place and installed a 16-pageline- a brand new Orient along with a screen CTP. He started with printing Rajasthan Patrika and gradually added Economic Times, Business Standard, Ekdin and many small tabloid newspapers. Darpan had developed a good set up there with two 24-pagelines. In 2008, sue to recession, Economic Times backed out from Kolkata which shook the previous plans of Darpan which had all their set up line with the paper’s expansion plans. Darpan decided to wind it up and sold the whole set up in 2009.

The company again started a unit in Kolkata. The unit is much better than the previous one on a 20,000sq.ft floor area. Presently it is having two CTP’s and 2 Nos. of Orient Super 16 pages with 8 pages colors speed 30,000 CPH. Darpan has ordered for Heidelberg SM 102 sheet-fed Muller Martini Perfect Binder and Polar Cutting Machine for the Kolkata Unit. Previously Kolkata Unit came up in just 20 days and this unit too in record 25 days.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem and how research is done scientifically. It consists of the different steps that are generally adopted by the researchers to study his research problem along with logic behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to develop certain tests.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Research design is plan to answer whom, when, where and how the subject under investigation conceived so as to obtain answers to research questions. The type of research design involved in this study is descriptive research studies.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD:

The required data was collected from secondary sources.

Secondary data:

Secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and which already bees passed through the statistical process.

Secondary data pertaining to this study was obtained from company documents, brochures, departmental information’s websites etc.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

During a sales trend analysis, the analyst looks at what results changed and why they changed. The analyst may look for patterns, outliers and statistics that seem too high or too low. There are two types of forecasting methodologies that can be used for this analysis depending on the business small or big:

1. BOTTOM-UP FORECASTING2. TOP-DOWN FORECASTING

BOTTOM-UP FORECASTING Analysts using this methodology divide the market into segments, and then separately calculate the demand in each segment. Typically, analysts use sales force composites, industry surveys, and intention-to-buy surveys to collect data. They aggregate the segments to arrive at a total sales forecast. Bottom-up forecasting may not be simple because of complications with the accuracy of the data submitted.

TOP-DOWN FORECASTING This is the method most widely used for industrial applications. Management first estimates the sales potential, then develops sales quotas, and finally constructs a sales forecast. Problems arise with this method, however when the underlying assumptions of the past are no longer applicable. The correlation between economic variables and quantity demanded may change or weaken over time.

These two forecasting methods encompass a number of methodologies which can be divided into three general categories: qualitative, times-series analysis and regression, and casual.

QUALITATIVE METHODS Qualitative methods rely on non-statistical methods of deriving a sales forecast. A company solicits the opinion or judgment of sales executives, a panel of experts, the sales force, the sales division supervisors, and/or outside expert consultants. Qualitative methods are

judgmental composites of expected sales. These methods are often preferred in the following instances:

1) When the variables which influences consumer buying habits have changed

2) When current data is not available3) When none of the qualitative methods work well in a specific situation4) When the planning horizon is too far for the standard quantitative

methods5) When the data has not yet factored in technological breakthroughs taking

place or forthcoming.

TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS AND PROJECTION Trend projection techniques’ may be most appropriate in situation where the forecaster is able to infer, from the past behavior of a variable, something about its future impact on sales. Forecasters look for trends that from identifiable patterns which recur with predictive frequency. Seasonal variations and cyclical patterns form more obvious trends, while random variables make projection more complex.

While time-series methods do not explicitly account for casual relationship between variable and other factors, analysts find the emergent historical patterns useful in making forecasts. Analysts typically use time series for new product forecast, particularly in the intermediate and long-term. The data required varies with each technique. A good rule of thumb is a minimum of five years annual data. A complete history is very helpful.

CASUAL METHODS When analysts find a cause-effect relationship between a variable and sales, a casual may provide better forecasts than those generated by other techniques. Life-cycle analysts forecasts new product growth rates based on analysts projection of the phases of product acceptance by various groups- innovators, early adapters, early majority, late majority, and laggards. Typically, this method is used to forecast new product sales. Analysts’ minimum data requirements are the annual sales of the product being considered or of a similar product. It is often necessary to do market surveys to establish the cause- effect relationship.

Table 1: Showing the Turnover of the Company.

YEAR TURNOVER(INR) PERCENTAGE (%)

2008-2009 4,12,39,778 10.6%

2009-2010 7,35,66,188 18.9%

2010-2011 11,47,24,556 29.5%

2011-2012 15,97,70,558 41%

Analysis: This Chart shows that the turnover of the company in year 2008-2009 was 10.6%, in the year 2009-2010 the turnover increased to 18.9%, further in the year 2010-2011 it increased to 29.5% and in the year 2011-2012 it reached 41%.

Graph 1: Showing the Turnover of the Company.

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-120

20000000

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Turnover (INR)

Turnover (INR)

Inference: The above analysis shows that the turnover has steadily increased by the growing year.

Table 2: Showing the Growth in Turnover of the Company.

YEAR GROWTH IN TURNOVER (%)

2008-2009 20.46%

2009-2010 78.39%

2010-2011 55.95%

2011-2012 39.26%

Analysis: This analysis shows that the turnover has grown up to 20.46% in the year 2008-2009, 78.39%, in the year 2009-2010, in the year 2010-2011 the turnover grew 55.95% and in the year 2011-2012 the growth was 39.26%

Graph 2: Showing the Turnover of the Company.

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-120

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Growth In Trurnover

Growth In Trurnover

Inference: The above analysis shows that the turnover has sharply increased during the year 2009-2010, and this growth could not be sustained in the later years.

Table 3: Showing the Growth in Profit.

YEAR GROWTH IN PROFIT(%)

2008-2009 53.21%

2009-2010 28%

2010-2011 119.98%

2011-2012 33.33%

Analysis: This chart shows the growth in profit in years. From the graph we can see the profit in year 2008-2009 is highest which is 119.98% while the profit in year 2009-2010 is 53.21%, 2010-2011 is 28% and in year 2011-2012 is 33.33% respectively.

Graph 3: Showing the Growth in Profit.

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-120

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Growth In Profit

Growth In Profit

Inference: The above analysis shows a high growth in profit of 119.98% only in the year 2010-2011 and rest shows a steady growth.

Table 4: Showing Turnover of Newspaper Sales.

NEWSPAPER SALES

FY09-10(A)

%FY

10-11(B)

%FY

11-12(C)

%

Q1 31,55,285 26.26% 37,43,347 19.44% 70,72,650 28.69%

Q2 30,63,310 25.5% 46,28,235 24.04% 89,56,235 28.73%

Q3 29,25,673 24.35% 48,74,440 25.32% 77,35,743 24.81%

Q4 28,70,315 23.89% 60,08,025 31.20% 74,10,753 23.77%

TOTAL 1,20,14,583 1,92,54,047 3,11,75,381

Analysis: This table shows the turnover of newspaper sales in 4 quarters. In the year 2009-2010 the turnover was 26.26%, 25.5%, 24.35%, 23.89%. In the year 2010-2011 the turnover was 19.44%, 24.04%, 25.31%, 31.20%.over was 22.69%, 28.73%, 24.81%, 23.77%.

Graph 4: Showing Turnover of Newspaper Sales.

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q40

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FY 09-10FY 10-11FY 11-12

Inference: The above graph shows that mainly in the year 2011-2012 there has been an increase in the turnover in 2nd quarter, rest it shows a steady growth.

Table 5: Showing Turnover of Newspaper Printing.

NEWSPAPER PRINTING

FY09-10(A)

%FY

10-11(B)

%FY

11-12(C)

%

Q1 1,04,68,769 21.04% 1,75,07,503 26.86% 2,54,43,746 29.31%

Q2 1,18,47,000 23.80% 1,59,56,011 24.49% 2,13,30,189 24.57%

Q3 1,35,01,982 27.13% 1,47,64,224 22.65% 2,07,41,410 23.89%

Q4 1,39,47,083 28.03% 1,69,42,741 26% 1,92,99,693 22.23%

TOTAL 4,97,64,834 6,51,70,479 8,68,15,038

Analysis: This chart shows the turnover of newspaper printing in different years. The turnover in 4 quarters for the year 2009-2010 is 21.04%, 23.80%, 27.13%, and 28.03%. in the year 2010-2011 the turnover has grown to 26.86%, 24.49%, 22.65% and 26%. Further in the year 2011-2012 the turnover has reached 29.31%, 24.57%, 23.89%, 22.23% respectively.

Graph 5: Showing Turnover of Newspaper Printing.

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q40

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FY 09-10FY 10-11FY 11-12

Inference: The above analysis shows an increase in the 1st quarter of the year 2011-2012 and shows a slight decline in the later quarters.

Table 6: Showing the Turnover in Heidelberg Printing.

HEIDELBERGPRINTING

FY09-10(A)

%FY

10-11(B)

%FY

11-12(C)

%

Q1 21,50,801 34.55% 40,93,547 23.81% 32,72,647 15.17%

Q2 18,41,538 29.96% 26,49,442 15.41% 31,90,832 14.78%

Q3 33,69,925 16.37% 48,56,632 28.25% 64,93,457 30.08%

Q4 38,84,824 19.12% 55,90,804 32.53% 86,27,395 39.97%

TOTAL 1,12,47,088 1,71,90,425 2,15,84,331

Analysis: This chart shows the turnover of Heidelberg printing in different years. The turnover in four quarters for the year 2009-2010 is 34.55%, 29.96%, 16.37%, and 19.12%. In the year 2010-2011 the turnover was 23.81%, 15.41%, 28.25% and 32.53%. And in the year 2011-2012 the turnover reached 15.17%, 14.78%, 30.08%, and 39.97% respectively

Graph 6: Showing Turnover of Newspaper Printing.

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q40

1000000

2000000

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FY 09-10FY 10-11FY 11-12

Inference: The above analysis shows that in the previous quarters there has been a steady growth but later it shows a sharp increase.

Table 7: Showing the Turnover in Advertisement.

AdvertisementFY

09-10(A)

%FY

10-11(B)

%FY

11-12(C)

%

Q1 10,78,095 10.85% 27,96,961 21.33% 42,15,049 20.87%

Q2 24,70,230 24.85% 29,98,397 22.87% 50,63,782 25.07%

Q3 29,31,737 29.50% 31,34,399 23.91% 42,85,079 21.22%

Q4 34,58,378 34.80% 41,79,848 31.89% 66,31,898 32.84%

TOTAL 99,38,440 1,31,09,605 2,01,95,808

Analysis: This chart shows the turnover of advertisement in four quarters. In the year 2009.2010 the turnover was 1085%, 24.85%, 29.50% and 34.80%. The turnover for the year 2010.2011 was 21.33%, 22.87%, 23.91%, and 31.89%. Further in the year 2011.2012 turnover reached 20.87%, 25.07%, 21.22% and 32.84% respectively.

Graph 7: Showing Turnover of Advertisement.

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q40

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FY 09-10FY 10-11FY 11-12

Inference: From the above analysis we can see almost a steady output, a little bit of enhancement in turnover and decline can also be seen.

Table 8: Showing the comparative sales of consolidated turnover.

SEGMENTS SALES PERCENTAGE (%)

Newspaper Sales 6,24,44,011 17.47%

Newspaper Printing 20,17,50,351 56.44%

Heidelberg Printing 5,00,21,844 13.99%

Advertisement 4,32,43,859 12.10

Total 35,74,60,059

Analysis: This Chart shows the comparison among the overall turnover. The turnover for advertisement is 12.10% which is the lowest, Heidelberg Printing has also shown a low turnover of 13.99% and newspaper sales of 17.47% whereas newspaper printing has a good turnover of 56.44%.

Graph 8: Showing the comparative sales of consolidated turnover.

Newspaper Sales Newspaper Printing Heidelberg Printing Advertisement0

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Sales

Sales

Inference: The above analysis shows that there has been a sharp increase in turnover of newspaper printing and rests shows a stable growth in turnover.

FINDINGS

From the study following were the points, discovered:

The turnover of the company gradually increased every year. There was a high growth in profit of 119.98% only in the year 2010-

2011. This growth was steady on other years. The turnover of newspaper sales was stable in the year 2009-2010 while

in the year 2010-2011 it gradually increased and in the year 2011-2012 the sale was high in the second quarter but this decreased in the later quarters.

The turnover in newspaper printing gradually increased in the year 2009-2010 while this slightly fluctuated in the year 2010-2011 and in the year 2011-2012 this declined every quarter.

The turnover in Heidelberg Printing slightly decreased in the second quarter of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 but this increased in the later quarters and in the year 2011-2012 the turnover gradually increased every quarter.

The turnover in advertisement steadily increased in the year 200-2010 and 2010-2011 while in the year 2011-2012 the turnover slightly decreased in the third quarter but it made up the loss in the fourth quarter where the turnover was comparatively very high.

In overall it is seen that highest turnover is made from newspaper printing compared to Newspaper sales, Heidelberg Printing and Advertisement.

SUGGESTIONS

The idea of Introducing “BAR CODE” or “QR CODE” in the newspaper can make a difference from others, as it may attract nearly about 15% -20% of more readers. As now-a-days the youth and busy people are more fashioned and trend about the e-media, which saves a lot of their worthy time.

The idea of developing a application of DARPAN for Mobile Phones, Computer, Tabs and I-pad, will instantly boost the number of readers, as the people will get an easy access to its content on the go.

The change in the idea of contents can truly make a difference from the lead, people now-a-days are getting very choosy and realistic they are ready to accept only true or interesting facts/news/contents, FAKE, in-appropriate, and offensive contents should be avoided.

Lowering the cost of both Classified and Display ads can help them cover more and more market then they are currently hopping.

There are anonymously more Hindi readers then Nepali or Bengali, if they try to give more effort for the effective sale of Purvanchal Bharat Darpan, then the Himalaya Darpan, then it might increase the Turnover and Nett Profit of DARPAN PUBLICATION INTERNATIONAL LIMITED.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Website Visited:-

www.darpanpublications.com www.mohunbaganforyouth.com www.in.heidelberg.com

Books Consulted:-

Financial Management (I.M.Pandey)

Journals consulted:-

Company documents and Brochures. Indian journal of Marketing.