Master Data for SCM (1)

Master Data in Demand Planning & Fulfillment Processes

EGN 5623 Enterprise Systems Optimization

Fall, 2012

Master Data for SCM (1)

Theories & Concepts

EGN 5623 Enterprise Systems Optimization FAll, 2012

Master Data for SCM (1)

Master Data in Demand Planning

EGN 5623 Enterprise Systems Optimization Fall, 2012

Master Data OverviewLike in ERP, master data plays an important role in APO and control many processes.Some master data objects in APO have analogies in ERP like product (Material in ERP), and most of these are transferred from ERP. Others have to be maintained in APO.

Most organisational entities from ERP are not needed for APO, which is only concerned with logistics and not accounting and costing; so organizational entities such as company codes, or cost centers have no significance in APO.

Master Data OverviewMost master data such as materials are transferred from the ERP to APO.

Locations is the main organisational entity in APO. In addition, different planners are created for each location and each of the following modules (DP, SNP, PP/DS, and TP/VS).

The planners are assigned to the material master (i.e., product in APO); thus they are not transferred from ERP.

Master Data Objects in SAP APO and SAP ERP (review)

Location Types in SAP APOAPO uses only one object for a location; it may have different location types. APO uses only the location name as the key, not the location type. Additional location information such as calendars, storage and handling resources and planning relevant categories (i.e., stock categories for SNP and receipt and issues for deployment) are defined in APO.

Make sure no code crashes due to plants, suppliers or customers with the same names.

Location Types in SAP APO

DP Function in SCM (review)THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ADVANCED PLANNER AND OPTIMIZER IN SUPPLY CHAIN DOMAIN by Sam Bansal

Common Time Horizons for DP and Sales in SCM (review)

Level of Detail and Time Horizon of DP in APO Modules (review)

DP and Sales Processes in APO Modules (review)

DP Module in APO System Structure and Integration with ERP (review)

Overview Master Data and Application in DP and Sales (review)Master Data for Demand Planning: CVC, Product, Interchangeability group.

Note: CVC can be generated from historical data that is transferred from ERP. If no historical data is available, e.g. for new products, CVC can be maintained in APO as well.Master data for Sales: Location, Product, Rules, and Interchangeability group.

Overview Master Data and Application in DP and Sales

Process for Demand Planning

Demand Planning Process The result of the demand planning process is the establishment of independent requirements which will trigger the planning activities of distribution, production and procurement planning.

The sales forecast is consolidated and checked regarding plausibility, probably checked against a statistical forecast and corrected according to the experience of the planner before releasing it for the subsequent planning steps.

The monitoring of the forecast accuracy and a feasibility check against the planning constraints (e.g. capacity) are further common process steps

Planning Levels and Consistent Planning The most elementary questions in DP are:on which levels (product, product group, ) to plan?in which granularity of time (weeks, months) to plan?which data is required?

In APO, planning levels are represented by characteristics (CVC), the granularity of timer corresponds to the time (i.e., time bucket), and the data (linked to key figures such as revenue and sold quantity).

Both characteristics and key figures are technically represented by info objects.

Data Structure for Demand Planning

Planning Levels and Consistent PlanningPlanning shall take place on the levels of sales organization, location, product and product group.

Each product belongs to only one product group

Each sales organization is linked to only one location (

Key figures are sales forecast and demand plan.

Planning on Aggregated Level

Automatic Disaggregation

Demand Planning Structure Overview

Demand Planning Structure OverviewThe display of the data and the planning is performed in Planning book.

A planning book is always linked to a planning area which contains the key figures. For the defined characteristic value combinations (CVC) time series are created for each key figure of the planning area.

The time series contain the actual data, so that the planning book serves to display the time series of the planning area. The planning area itself is connected to a basic planning object structure, where the relevant characteristics are defined.

Historical data is stored in an info cube (which contains both characteristics and key figures).

Planning Object Structure and Planning Area

Planning Object Structure and Planning AreaIt is recommended not to change planning object structure and planning area

Time BucketsIn DP there are two kinds of time bucket profiles: the storage bucket profile and the planning bucket profile.

The data of planning area is always stored in the storage bucket profile, while the planning bucket profile is used to display the data in the planning book.

In the planning bucket profile only those period types (month, week, ) can be used that are also defined in the storage bucket profile.

If the time buckets do not match as with months and weeks, the periods are divided as shown below, in Figure 4.7.

Data Storage Bucket Profiles

Active Characteristic Value Combinations (CVC)

Entities for Life Cycle Modelling

Settings for Life Cycle Planning Example

Promotion

CVC for the Use of DP-BOMs

Release of the Demand Plan

Process for Forecast after Constraints

Structure of the Transfer to SAP ERP

Master Data for SCM (1)

Master Data in Sales Process

EGN 5623 Enterprise Systems Optimization Fall, 2012

Process for Order Fulfillment

Order Fulfillment Overview

Order fulfillment contains the processes related to the customer from order taking, availability check and confirmation to the shipment to the customer.

The sales order entry is performed in ERP either manually or via EDI, but ATP check is carried out in APO during the sales order entry. The transportation planning is performed in APO based on the deliveries and sends shipments back to ERP.

There is an alternative way to perform transaction planning first based on sales orders and trigger the delivery creation from APO, but this has disadvantages in the flexibility if ATO check turns out to be unsuccessful.

Order Life Cycle

Tasks during Sales Order Entry

Categories and Attributes of a Supply Chain (review)- Reproduced from Fleischmann B., Meyr H, Hierarchy and Advanced Planning Systems, Handbooks in OR and MS, Chapter 9, Elsevier, 2003, pp 457-523

Business Events

Default Assignment of Strategy to Requirement Class

Location Substitution with /Without Stock Requisition

Transaction for Condition Technique

Master Data for SCM (1)Master Data in Demand Planning & Fulfillment Processes

SAP Implementation

EGN 5623 Enterprise Systems Optimization Fall, 2012

Master Data, Model, and Version

SAP ERP Transactions for Independent Demand Configuration

Exercises:

1. Create location 2. Create resources3. Create products4. Create PPM (Production Process Model)

***BW: business data warehouseOLTP: online transaction processing*Demand planning takes the longest time horizon in APO Modules.

VMI: vendor managed inventoryDemand planning is at lowest level of details.DP: demand planning is in APO-DP module and Sales process is in APO-ATP module.

TP/VS: transportation planning and vehicle routing SNP: supply network planningVMI: vendor managed inventoryPP/DS: production planning and detailed schedulingThe data for DP comes from Info cubes (Business Data Warehouse).DP output combined with time series basically go to SNP, PP/DP, and TP/VS for further processing.An option for DP output is to go to ERP.ATP: available to promise

LIS: logistics information system: transportation dataCIF: core (information) interface: master dataATP: Available to promiseCVC: characteristic value combinationsDemand Planning: CVC, Product, Interchangeability group.CVC can be generated from historical data that is transferred from ERP. If no historical data is available, e.g. for new products, CVC can be maintained in APO as well.Sales: Location, Product, Rules, and Interchangeability group.

PPM/PDSDemand Planning: CVC, Product, Interchangeability group.CVC can be generated from historical data that is transferred from ERP. If no historical data is available, e.g. for new products, CVC can be maintained in APO as well.Sales: Location, Product, Rules, and Interchangeability group.

PPM/PDSWhat is its process?CBF: characteristics based forecastTP1: technical period 1, based on need.The product of characteristic values is 24 (3 sales organizations x 2 locations x 2 product x 2 product groups), in theory.Life cycle planning is integrated into the statistical forecast functionality. To perform a statistical forecast for a new product which has no own sales history, some other data has to be used instead.

Profiles are shown in next slide!That is promotion?Key figure:?

Category FA:?After constraints:?Transfer to SAP ERP?*What is a sales type?What is transaction for condition?**Model contains the master data and the version contains the transactional data, but for some of the master data (location, product, and resource) it is also possible to make some version dependent changes.What is demand configuration?