master plan review by spa vijayawada
TRANSCRIPT
XV Annual NOSPlan Convention
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
Safe cities are the cities which ensures safe living environment for its citizens.
Safe living environment
Crime free
Safety from natural
disasters
Safety from human made
disasters
Adequate health care
facilities
Sanitation facilities
Pollution free air and
water
Safety on road
Safety of pedestrians
Safety of Dependent Population
Safety for differently
abled Why we are talking about safe cities?• Security of citizens has
become more critical as cities and their infrastructure evolve.
• As city gets bigger (urbanization) = more and more anonymous threats.
• Increasing pressure on local authorities to cope with expected and unexpected security threats against citizens.
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
Vijayawada
INTRODUCTION TO CASE AREA (VIJAYAWADA)
CITY AT GLANCE:
LOCATION: The city is situated at the foot of a low range hills on the northern bank of the river Krishna with its cardinal points as 16° 31’ North latitude and 80° 37’ East longitude, around 70 km away from the coast.
LANDLAY AND TOPOGRAPHY: The land lay of Vijayawada is characterized by four canals, four hills and the holy river Krishna.
• 3rd largest city of Andhra Pradesh.• Important commercial and transport center of state.• It has the biggest and busiest railway junction in
Southern India and one of the biggest bus terminal of Country.
• It is known for historic Kanak Durga Temple, Prakasham Barriage and Railway Wagon Workshop.
Area 61.88 km2
Population 1048240 (CENSUS OF INDIA 2011)
Population Density 16940 ppkm2 Vijayawada City
Krishna DistrictAndhra PradeshIndia
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
LIMITATIONS OF STUDY:• A master plan for Vijayawada was prepared in 1969, since then no master plan was made.• Development in Vijayawada is guided by Zonal Development Plan(ZDP) – 2006.• Currently VGTM-UDA is preparing revised master plan for Vijayawada with major contribution of SPA-V and other
agencies.• Considering ZDP-2006 as the only available document, it has been reviewed with respect to the theme.
ISSUES WITHIN CASE AREA
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION RELATED ISSUES
BUILTFORM RELATED ISSUES
CRIME AND SAFETY
DEGRADING AIR QUALITY
DEGRADING WATER QUALITY
DESIGN RELATED ISSUES
POOR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
POLLUTION
INCREASING ROAD ACCIDENTS
CONGESTION
ENCHROACHMENT ON HILLS
ENCHROACHMENT ON FLOOD BANKS
DEFORESTATION
LANDSLIDE
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
AIR POLLUTION
Solution: Solutions for moderating SPM and RSPM levels could be in the form of adopting cleaner technology options.
S.No. Parameter Existing Standard Exceedence Factor
1 RSPM 100 80 1.26
2 SPM 264 213 1.24
3 SO2 3 67 0.05
4 NOx 60 67 0.90
Source: CPCB, APPCB
Table: Pollution Levels: Vijayawada, 2003 Units in ppm
S.No. Parameter Existing Standard Exceedence Factor
1 RSPM 95.6 80 1.2
2 SPM 321 213 1.5
3 SO2 3.4 67 0.05
4 NOx 64 67 0.95Source: CPCB, APPCB
Table: Pollution Levels: Vijayawada, 2012 Units in ppm
WATER POLLUTION
Canal Sewage outfall
Daily discharge
Bandar Canal 5 15
Ryves Canal 8 25
Eluru Canal 18 22
Table: Daily discharge in canals, 2012
Source: Pollution Prevention for irrigation canals in Vijayawada-Wilbur Smith Associates.
Issues: • The DO level of the three canals is less than 6 ppm.• Nearly 10% (50-75 tonnes) of the solid wastes generated in the city is
dumped on the canal banks.
Proposal: • There are already proposals for 7 Sewage Treatment Plants along the
three canals of the city• Better solid waste management techniques in terms of collection and
disposal
PROVISIONS FOR ABOVE ISSUES IN ZDP
Benz Circleintersection
Ramavarappadu Ring
BRTS Junction
Prakasham Barrage Intersection (Temple Point)
Major accident prone intersections and Problematic Intersections
TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION RELATED ISSUES
Design problems and weak traffic management leads to increase in number of accidents, congestion and pollution.
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
PROPOSALS
SHORT TERM PROPOSALS• Traffic management
measures(road marking, traffic signs etc.)
• Traffic engineering measures (design of intersections)
MEDIUM TERM PROPOSALS• Improvement of roads.
LONG TERM PROPOSALS• Ring road proposals• Flyover• Bridges• New roads for new areas
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
BUILT-FORM RELATED ISSUES
CRIME AND SAFETY RELATED ISSUES
• In year 2011 Andhra Pradesh has reported 42.7% cases of sexual harassment against women
• Out of which 18% of cases of eve-teasing is reported in Vijayawada only.
• In year 2010, Vijayawada was considered as most unsafe city for women (according to NCRB’s annual report 2010)
ZPD has failed to address these issues, which needed to be considered in revised master plan.
These issues are discussed in detail in further slides.
• Encroachment on hills is inviting the problem of landslide, which can lead to heavy loss of life and property.
• Every year some of the areas (encroached on flood plains) get affected by heavy water flow in river and canal which is ignored in ZDP.
• The old city is highly dense commercial and residential colony, which in case of fire can lead to loss of life and property.
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
Case areas
Case area 1: Encroachments on Indrakiladri and Winchipet Hill
Case area 2 : Bundameru Flood bank
Case area :3 Auto Nagar
Build form related
Crime related
Environmental related
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
Case area 1: Encroachments on Indrakiladri and Winchipet Hill
• Encroachment on the hills
• Major commercial centre of the city • The hill is about 250m high and the encroachments is till 180m
• Narrow streets
• Improper electric lines
Source: primary survey 2013
Landslide areas Population 6584
Population Density 2294 p/sq.km
Area 2.87 sq.km
Total Household s 1646
Occupation Formal and informal activities at one town
Housing Typology Mix of kucha and semi pucca
Encroachment Encroached area profile
Indrakiladri Hill
Winchipet Hill
One Town
• Problems in parking
Railway station
Indrakiladri Hill
Population 1780
Population Density 2119 p/sq.km
Area 0.84 sq.km
Total Households 445
Occupation Formal and informal activities at Besent Rd
Housing Typology Mix of kucha and semi pucca houses
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
2009 flood affected area of Bundameru
Settlements along Bundameru river
Case area 2: Bundameru Flood plainArea Profile
• Lack of sanitation facilities
• Sewerage discharge channels open into the river, leading to polluting the river
• Encroachments along the river bank narrow down the natural passage of the river
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
Case area 3: Auto Nagar
Crime against women
2011 2012
Harassment, eve-teasing & attacks
35 55
Chain-snatching 9 16
Rape cases 1 0
Source: patamata police station
• Deserted situation during nights
• Less lighting and absence of activities at night
Auto Nagar Industrial area
Bandar rd
100 ft rd
• Dominance of land-use [industrial area-active during day but turns off by the evening]
• lack of street lights
• Abutting land-uses alongside road. [vacant area, big walls, bushes and weeds for long interval]
Reported crime in the area
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada
SUGGESTIONS:
• Mixed land-uses has to be proposed on the peripheral areas.
• All streets in crime prone areas must provide proper lighting in night.
• Land-use along railway line has to be carefully addressed.
• Improving public transportation, especially in peripheral areas.
• Feminist angle of thinking has to be intrude at local level planning has to be the one of the objectives to achieve the aim of safe city.
TO BE INCLUDED: Areas prone to crime, Crime against children and old age group