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ACADAMIC YEAR : 2015-2016BRANCH : MECHANICAL ATopic :Material properties

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Factors Influencing Selection Of MaterialAvailability of materialsManufacturing ConsiderationsCost of materialMaterial properties

List of materials properties

1  Acoustical properties2   Atomic properties3   Chemical properties4  Electrical properties5  Environmental properties6  Magnetic properties7  Manufacturing properties8  Mechanical properties9  Optical properties10  Radiological properties11  Thermal properties https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

List_of_materials_properties

Fatigue strengthFatigue strength is the highest stress that a

material can withstand for a given number of cycles without breaking

Endurance limitIn fatigue testing, the maximum stress which c

an be applied to a material for an infinite number of stress cycles without resulting in failure of the material.

STRENGTHThe ability of a material to stand up to forces being applied

without it1. Bending 2. Breaking3. shattering or deforming in any way.

Compressive strength

Compressive strength is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size.

TENSILE STRENGTHThe ability of a material to stretch without breaking or

snapping.The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile

stress that it can take before failure, for example breaking.

There are three typical definitions of tensile strength:Yield strength - The stress a material can withstand without

permanent deformation. This is not a sharply defined point. Yield strength is the stress which will cause a permanent deformation of 0.2% of the original dimension.

Ultimate strength - The maximum stress a material can withstand.Breaking strength - The stress coordinate on the stress-strain

curve at the point of rupture.

Ultimate Strength

ELASTICITY

The ability of a material to absorb force and flex in different directions, returning to its original position.

Plasticity

plasticity describes the deformation of a material undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in response to applied forces

DUCTILITYThe ability of a material to change shape

(deform) usually by stretching along its length.Ductility may be expressed as either percent

elongation (% plastic strain at fracture) or percent reduction in area.

BrittlenessA material is brittle if, when subjected

to stress, it breaks without significant deformation (strain). Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength

MalleabilityMalleability is a substance's ability to deform

under pressure (compressive stress). If malleable, a material may be flattened by hammering or rolling.

ToughnessToughness is the ability of a material to absorb

energy and plastically deform without fracturing

StiffnessStiffness is the rigidity of an object — the

extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force

Resilience.resilience is defined as the maximum energy

that can be absorbed within the elastic limit, without creating a permanent distortion.

The modulus of resilience is defined as the maximum energy that can be absorbed per unit volume without creating a permanent distortion

Hardness

Hardness is the resistance to plastic deformation (e.g., a local dent or scratch). Thus, it is a measure of plastic deformation, as is the tensile strength, so they are well correlated. Historically, it was measured on an empirically scale, determined by the ability of a material to scratch another, diamond being the hardest and talc the softer.

There are a few different hardness tests: Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, etc. They are popular because they are easy and non-destructive (except for the small dent).

increasing hardness

most plastics

brasses Al alloys

easy to machine steels file hard

cutting tools

nitrided steels diamond

CreepThe progressive deformation Of machine

component under the load at high temperature is called creep