1. Technology in 2022In the view of Matthew Johns S

2. Technology of Interest in 2022S Technology in EducationS Electronic BooksS ComputersS Cell PhonesS Television 3. Technology in EducationS In 2022 education can not be accomplished without technology.While public schools will still exist, they will be less popularthan ever before. The development of online classes will havetaken over the nation. Ranging from elementary school throughcollege, people will obtain most of their education online.S Virtual schoolsthose conducting all lessons via the Internet, as opposed to brick and mortar traditional schools are now entrusted with the education of children as young as kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. An estimated 1.5 million American youth participate in online education today. (Hanover, 2011) 4. Technology in Education andthe Social LearningTheory/Social CognitiveTheoryS The social learning theory is focused on how people learn bymodeling others. (Meadows, 2010)S This applies to technology in education in 2022 in many ways.S A teachers presentation can reach more people because of the broadcasting options that the internet offer. It also allows for teachers to not be confined by the space of a classroom and serve more students at once. S People can perform hands on tasks to help them learn by watching videos of someone performing a task.S One of the benefits of this is the ability to rewind a video instead ofhaving to ask someone to repeat the demonstration. 5. Technology in Education andthe Social LearningTheory/Social CognitiveTheoryS Part of this theory includes the social context. While people may learn from these online modules or demonstrations this theory also looks at whether or not the behavior is imitated. If the behavior is reinforced, the student will duplicate the behavior. But if the behavior is punished then the student will not repeat this behavior. For example if a student watches an instructor as they are attempting to combine two chemicals. The goal of the demonstration was a simple reaction but when the instructor mixes the two chemicals together, the whole lab where the instructor is at blows up. The student would not want to face that punishment of performing that behavior. 6. Electronic BooksWe have came a long way since The Bay Psalm BookS Hardcover books will be a thing of the past. Authors willjust offer their books through online e-bookstores such asAmazon or iBooks.S According to CNN in May of 2011, Amazon now sells more e-books than paper books. (Griggs, 2011) (Murph, 2011) 7. Umbrella Perspective andE-BooksS Social System: includes political, economic, and media systems as well as other groups ofindividuals or organizations serving a common set of functions in society. Can beenabling, limiting, motivating or inhibiting.S Organizational Infrastructure: the group of organizations involved in the production anddistribution of the technology. Can be enabling, limiting, motivating or inhibiting.S Hardware: The physical element of the Umbrella Perspective. Can only be enabling orlimiting.S Software: information manipulated by the computer, as well as the instructions used by thecomputer to manipulate the data.S Individual User: implies that the relationship between the user and a technology must beexamined in order to get a handle on the technology. Can beenabling, limiting, motivating or inhibiting. 8. Umbrella Perspective andE-Books (continued)S How e-books apply in each aspect:S Social System: E-books in society are more desirable, and will continue to be especially from theeconomic aspect. They are more affordable and take up less space. These can be consideredmotivating factors.S Organizational Infrastructure: E-books are being sold by some of the top organizations in the mediafield such as Amazon and Apple. These organizations are enabling factors because they are verycapable of producing the technology to make e-books an appealing option.S Hardware: The hardware used such as the Apple iPad and the more affordable Amazon Kindle lineare attractive enabling factors that make the applications for e-books possible.S Software: When I think about the software of e-books, I think about the applications and stores thatare used in purchasing and reading the e-books. With the iBooks store and the Amazon store, Ibelieve that all new books will be available through these outlets in 2022. I believe that the ease ofuse and the convenience of being able to purchase books at your home are motivating factors. I alsobelieve that the interactivity of the e-books is a motivating factor.S Individual User: People are adopting these tablets/e-readers as a new must have. This will still be thecase in 2022. One of the best forms of advertising are peoples recommendations to their friends andcoworkers and this is something that will be spread the e-books market, which is motivating. 9. Computers of 2022S Computers will be much more powerful in 2022 and have much more come withthem standard. As mentioned in lecture, Moores Law states that every 18 months to2 years computers will be twice as powerful. This will allow for great innovationsover the next 10 years.S You will be able to control your home from your computer or tablet. Things such asforgetting to turn out the lights in a room will not be an issue when you can easily doso on your tablet or computer.S Tablets will almost replace laptops. While laptops will still be around, tablets will beused as a more economic means of portable computing. They also will be morepowerful than the laptops of today. With tablets being used not only for reading orapps, it will be used more for productivity and business.S The reason that tablets will take off is because of the Network Effect. The NetworkEffect states that the more people that use a product, the more powerful thetechnology. With so many people using tablets now, there will be more innovations inthe tablet market. 10. Critical Mass Theory andComputersS The critical mass theory states that there have to be some innovators and early adopters who are willing to take the risk to try a new interactive technology. This is believed to be making a big contribution to the public good. (Meadows, 2010)S With computers, I believe that there has been a critical mass that allows for this investment of time and money into developing new products. I believe that without this critical mass that tried out tablets for example, we would not see as many on the market now, and they would not be around in 2022. 11. Cell Phones of 2022S Cell Phones will continue being the dominant type of phone. House phones will be arare commodity.S Cell phones will be used for making purchases and accessing bank accounts. Theywill also store your identification card and drivers license. This will allow cell phonesto be the only thing you need to carry on you. It will be a great convenience to nothave to carry a wallet but will have security issues that arise from it. Identify theft iscurrently a huge issue but it is something that is already being worked on in 2012 for2022. A current hot topic is the Cell Phone Theft Prevention Act of 2012. Accordingto opencongress.org this act is to, To amend the Communications Act of 1934 toprohibit mobile service providers from providing service on mobile electronic devicesthat have been reported stolen and to require such providers to give consumers theability to remotely delete data from mobile electronic devices, and for otherpurposes. This will allow people to immediately wipe all of their information off oftheir phones as soon as their phone is lost or stolen. I think this will allow for the typeof transactions that I mention above. (112 Congress, 2012) 12. Cell Phones and the Uses and Gratifications TheoryS The Uses and Gratifications Theory tries to give insight into what people do with technology. It believes users are actively seeking different media to fulfill different needs. (Meadows, 2010)S One of the things that the perspective focuses on are needs which generates expectations. I believe that the cell phones multiple uses that I mention we will have in 2022, are a good example of people expecting more because of what they believe to be as needs. While realistically, we do not need a more convenient way to go about using our money, people enjoy the convenience. With this feeling of need, cell phone providers will develop the software to be able to complete money transactions at stores and many more things. 13. Television in 2022S Televisions will be used for more than just watching cable TV. Smart TVs will takeoff and be the dominant television in the market.S Movie rentals and purchases will be made more through your television more thanthrough any other outlet.S Televisions will also be utilized as an outlet for updating social media and sharingwhat you are currently watching with others. You will be able to see status updateson your TV about the shows you are watching at that time. You can share yourthoughts with friends on your favorite shows while they are going on without havingto get off of the couch. There will be voice recognition software similar to that of theXbox Kinect that updates your status for you and shares it across all of the socialmedia outlets.S Television will be used as the major news outlet streaming news from networkstations and online outlets such as the New York Times. 14. Rogers Diffusion ofInnovations and TelevisionS The television has already been through the innovation and adoption of innovation stage. I believe that the television is going through a reinvention stage where the technology is used for something other than its original intent. When the television was originally invented to serve as a broadcasting medium without knowing of the need of things such as incorporating social networking.S These smart televisions I believe are currently appealing to the early majority stage of the order of adoption. By 2022, the only people that will not have a smart television are the laggards. 15. Moores Innovation AdoptionRate and TelevisionS Moore explored the diffusion of innovations and notedthere are gaps between each level. (Meadows, 2010)S According to Moore, for the next level of adopter to commit to purchasing an item, the product must show a major new benefit. S With televisions this includes the introductions of 3D, internet capability, and I believe by 2022 it will be the only way to rent or buy movies. I think this is the major new benefit that will force all levels of adopters into televisions to buy in. 16. Television and the MediaSystem Dependency TheoryS The Media System Dependency Theory states that to understand the role of a medium that you have to examine the relationships at multiple levels of analysis. These levels include the audience, the organizational level, the media system level, and society in general. (Meadows, 2010)S This relates to television in 2022 because television will be important for people to learn of the news of the day as it will be the only outlet besides just surfing the internet. Newspapers will be no more as they are already today depending on trying to keep an audience that is dying out. Society has found that they can get the same information without hard copies. I also believe in 2022 many things will be paperless in an effort to be more eco-friendly. 17. The Theory of the Long Tailand Television of 2022S This theory looks at television and movies of today and compares them towhat would have been on TV 15 years ago. According to Chris Andersonthere are less hits than their used to be. He acknowledges that there areopportunities for networks to capitalize on this through using niche showsand channels. Since there are more channels now there are shows thatcan be made for almost any type of person with almost any type ofinterest.S This applies to television in 2022 because there will be over 1,000channels, more than ever before. As I mentioned in the first televisionslide, the TV will be interconnected with the internet. I think that this willallow more outlets to be broadcast through your television and even moreniche shows and the number of long tail products will continue to grow.(Meadows, 2010) 18. The Principle of RelativeConstancy and the TelevisionS The Principle of Relative Constancy says that people spend a constant fraction of their disposable income on mass media over time. (Meadows, 2010)S This applies to television in 2022 because people will commit their disposable income that they now spend on different types of media entertainment and news solely on their television services. I believe this will be a big hit to companies that rent movies, even companies like Redbox. I also think that this will hurt the movie theater industry. With people having so many options on their home television set, there will be no need to leave the home for media. 19. ReferencesS Griggs. (2011, May 19). Amazon e-books now outselling print books. Retrieved from http://articles.cnn.com/2011-05-19/tech/kindle.outsells.books_1_kindle-e-reader-kindle-device-e-books?_s=PM:TECHS Hanover, N. (2011, September 01). Outsourcing education: The rise of virtual schools. Retrieved fromhttp://www.wsws.org/articles/2011/sep2011/virt-s01.shtmlS Meadows, J. H. (2010). Communication technology update and fundamentals. (12 ed., p. 50). Burlington, MA:Elsevier Inc.S Meadows, J. H. (2010). Communication technology update and fundamentals. (12 ed., p. 52). Burlington, MA:Elsevier Inc.S Meadows, J. H. (2010). Communication technology update and fundamentals. (12 ed., p. 53). Burlington, MA:Elsevier Inc.S Meadows, J. H. (2010). Communication technology update and fundamentals. (12 ed., p. 54). Burlington, MA:Elsevier Inc.S Meadows, J. H. (2010). Communication technology update and fundamentals. (12 ed., p. 55). Burlington, MA:Elsevier Inc.S Murph, D. (Producer). (2011). Amazon kindle. [Web Photo]. Retrieved fromhttp://www.engadget.com/2011/09/28/amazon-fire-tablet-unveiled-7-inch-display-199-price-tag/S 112 Congress. (2012, March 22). Cell phone prevention act of 2012. Retrieved fromhttp://www.opencongress.org/bill/112-h4247/text