MAX IV: Where Can the Danish Science Communities Contribute?

Lise Arleth, ProfessorStructural Biophysics Niels Bohr InstituteUniversity of Copenhagen

Today: On behalf of the Danish X-ray and neutron scattering community (Danscatt)

Lise Aleth, Structural Biophysics, KUPrimary global challenges as research driversEnergy and environment: Limited ressources and increasing demand:

Health: Wish for improved health for a growing population:

Small-molecule drugs

Protein-based drugs

Protein-based drug receptors

=> Research in smart materials

=> Research to obtain more efficient and better targeted medical drugs

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

The Danish scattering communityCraddle-period (1980-2000):

Community around the Risø National Laboratory west of Copenhagen:• Denmark ran the Risø research reactor optimized for neutron

scattering and an international user facility (until about 2000)• Strong involvement in the Hamburg Synchrotron (Hasylab)

Focus on Materials research (Hard Materials and Soft Materials) and Biostructural Research

The Astrid Synchrotron at Aarhus University User and development facility for soft X-raysStrong involvement and usage of the Hamburg Synchrotron (Hasylab)Focus on Hard Materials Research and Biostructural Research

X-ray users organized in the DanSync organisationNeutron users organized in the DanScatt organisation

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

The Danish scattering community

From around 2000 (Shut down of the Risø Research reactor):• Gradually stronger and stronger involvement in the various

international neutron and X-ray scattering facilties (including out-placement of senior staff)

• Former Risø Scientists became distributed in Danish and international academic insititutions. Still forms a strong network

• Merger of X-ray and neutron user organizations into the DanScatt organisation

• Strong growth of user community for X-ray and Neutron Scattering• Strong engagement in the ESS project – Bottom-up community based

and Top-down political• Stronger and stronger engagement at Max-II Synchrotron – Bottom-up

community based

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

Danscatt - The Danish X-ray and neutron Scattering community in 2012Strong X-ray and Neutron Scattering user groups at almost all Danish

Universities and at large compagnies:

Universities:Aarhus UniversityDanish Technical UniversityUniversity of CopenhagenUniversity of Southern DenmarkUniversity of RoskildeCompagnies with independent user groups:Haldor TopsøeCarlsberg LaboratoryNovo Nordisk A/S

- Community growth rate of 7%- Present Danish PhD population with projects than depend on X-ray or

neutron work: 140 (~30% neutrons, ~60% X-rays, ~10% X+N )

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

Danish scattering community and MaxLabPast Danish engagement at MaxLab: - Cassiopeia project: Co-funding and participation in the Cassiopeia

beamline. => Construction of 5 Bio-instruments, mainly protein crystallography at the 911 beam-port• Optics etc mainly from Denmark• Instrumentation mainly from Sweden• Participation from public and private partners (Astra Zeneca, Novo

Nordisk A/S)• Consolidation of JJ-X-ray (now about 20 employees)

-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Beamline: Co-development between MaxLab and U. Copenhagen. First at I-711 (Shared with powder crystallography), then optimized reincarnation at I-911-4

- Powder Crystallography Beamline (I-711): Co-development between MaxLab and U. Aarhus.

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

User statistics from MaxLabs homepage (2011 numbers)

Commissioning of the Max-II and Cassiopeia project

Danish Users

The impact of the Danish user community is already very visible at Maxlab

Niels Bohr Institute - Structural Biophysics

Denmark and the MaxIV projectThe Danish scattering community is very excited about the

Max-IV project! - And in particular about the world-wide unique brilliance that the

project offers The Danscatt user community is very interested in contributing to

the Max IV project

Where can Denmark contribute:• Design and construction of whole instruments• As Power-users that drive and adapt existing instrumentation to

specific purposes• Establishment of user hubs

A Danish beamline proposal : Hybrid powder diffraction and imaging

• Vision: Establish a beamline which can reveal material structure and composition right from the atomic scale to the macro-world

• Motivation: Every conceivable material property, and any technological development, hinges upon internal structure (atomic level, nanometer and micrometer scale)

• Solution: Combining two very powerful X-ray techniques:– Powder diffraction, detects chemical bonds and identifies

structure from atomic level to 200-300 nm scale

– X-ray Imaging, reveals material composition in 3D from nanometer into the micrometer- and millimeter scale

• Specialities: – Energy materials (solar cells, thermoelectrics, catalysts, fuel cells, etc.)

– Time-resolved studies (”live vision”) of chemical reactions or physical processes

A Danish beamline proposal: Hybrid powder diffraction and imaging• Additional potentials:

– Small-molecule crystallography, crucial e.g. to pharma industry

– Geo-science research, e.g. non-invasive identification of minerals and sediment

– Bio-materials such as bone, enamel, etc. (e.g. for prosthetic development)

– Catalysis studies under real conditions, e.g. structural changes, poisoning

– Education of a whole generation of young, brilliant materials scientists – beyond anything a home lab can acomplish!

• A beamline built for– Highest-impact science by virtue of

revolutionizing hybrid construct

– Maximum synergy with the new European Spallation Source (ESS)

– Relevance to industry as well as academia

- Instrumentation, sample environment and software:

- Danish users as power-users/strategic partners to optimise instrumentation to specific purposes

InP

Au electrodes spacing 1µm

thickness 20nmwidth 100nm

Thickness InP 2µm

ASICInP

Au electrodes spacing 1µm

thickness 20nmwidth 100nm

Thickness InP 2µm

ASIC

- Software for Instrument simulation

- Software for Data Analysis

- X-ray Optics

- Detectors - Sample Environment

DTU Imaging Portal:

• Competence development

• Discussion of industrial problem

• Recommendation of best method

• Supplementary material analysis

• Assistance at beam time

• Assistance with data analysis

• Research collaboration

• X-ray instruments LOCALLY

SynchrotronsNeutrons

Industry International Facilities

Establishment of User-hubs:Example: DTU as science hub/industry portal for 3D imaging of materials

KU is in the process of establishing a comparable science hub for Life Sciences

Oil/CO2 storage

Fuel cells

Wind energy

Catalysis

Special focus of the DTU hub: 3D imaging of energy materials

Science hubs - Advantages

For industry:- Much lower barrier for use of large scale facilities- Training- Recruitment

For facility: - Broaden (industrial) user base

- Regional partner for instrumentation and data analysis

For university: - Collaboration with industry

- Strenghten research and education - Local knowledge center on large scale facilities

For local region/country:- Enthusiasm

Should be scientifically focused: Excellence is a requirement

Data Management

• The ESS Data Management Center will be placed in Copenhagen (Director appointed as of October 2013)

Capacity Building It may be interesting to discuss the Max-IV data

management needs in this context to investigate potential synergies

Dias 15

On the MaxIV and ESS projects:

On a slightly longer timescale the two projects should be seen as a whole (from the outside)• Some users will only use X-rays• Some users will only use neutrons• More and more users will use both X-rays and Neutrons and shop

between the facilities

Status• Danish Scientific, political and economical support to the ESS project

• So far mainly scientific support to the Max-IV project

Lise Arleth - Structural Biophysics

Department of Micro and NanotechnologyConclusions

• The Danish Scientific communities are extremely enthusiastic about the Max IV project

• The Danish Scientific communities would like to influence and contribute to the specific instrumentation at the Max IV

• Danish Universities are presently establishing science hubs that can help in optimising the usage of Max IV and other Large Scale facilities

• We will need to have the Max-IV project lifted up to the Danish political level (as the ESS project is)

Thank you!