maxence lef evre, s ebastien lebonnois and aymeric spigamosir/pub/2019/2019-05-31/... · input from...
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Organization of the convection in the Venus cloud layer
Maxence Lefevre, Sebastien Lebonnois and Aymeric Spiga
[email protected] de Meteorologie Dynamique, Paris, FRANCE
Hokkaido June 3rd 2019
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Introduction : Convective layer
VeRa radio occultation Akatsuki radio occultation (40N-40S)
variability with latitude variability with local time
Tellmann et al., 2009 Imamura et al., 2017
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Introduction : Convective layer
VeGa Balloon vertical wind measurement ∼ ± 3 m/s at ± 7°
Linkin et al., 1986
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Introduction : Gravity waves
Venus Express observations at cloud top (∼ 70 km)
Piccialli et al., 2014
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Atmospheric Modeling
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Atmospheric Modeling
Small-scale turbulence → Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) with WRF core
First 3D coupled LES model
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Model description
Heating rates decomposed in 3 different contributions :
-2 radiative ones : Solar and IR- Dynamics: associated with global dynamics : Hadley cell
(Adiabatic warming/cooling)
Off-line (Lefevre et al., 2017) On-line (Lefevre et al., 2018)Solar Constant LMD Venus radiative transferIR Constant LMD Venus radiative transferDynamics Constant Constant
Resolution 200 m 400 mhorizontal domain 36x36 km 60x60 kmvertical level 181 300vertical domain 40 to 70 km surface to 100 km
Cloud model (Haus et al.) is fixed during the simulationNo wind shear is imposed
Input from LMD GCM Simulations (Garate-Lopez and Lebonnois, 2018)
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Main convective layer
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On-line mode
Equator noon
Lefevre et al, 2018
Vertical wind between ±2.5 m/s, consistent with observationsConvective cell of 20 km of diameter
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Equator noon: : Gravity waves
Amplitude of GWs ±0.5 K, smaller than the observationsCircular wavefront, not consistent with observations.
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Impact of the wind shear
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Wind shear
Prescribed wind from the LMD Venus GCM
Noon Midnight
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Comparison : the Equator midnight
No wind shear Wind shear
Few impact on convection but strong on GWsStronger amplitude with the wind shear : obstacle effect
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Comparison : the Equator midnight
At 57 kmNo wind shear Wind shear
Linear wave front and stronger amplitude
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Cloud top gravity waves
At cloud top
Wavelength up to 20 km. Very close to VMC observations.
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Cloud top convective activity
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Observations
VMC observations
Titov et al., 2012
Puffy clouds at subsollar point at low latitude : convection ?
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Cloud top convective activity : Equator noon
Vertical wind between ±3 m/sConvective cell of diameter of 10 km
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Cloud top convective activity : Mechanism
Strong solar heating from unknow UV absorber → destabilization.
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Conclusion
First 3D coupled LES model for Venus
Fine vertical resolution radiative transfer for realistic convective layer
Strong impact of the wind shear : generated waves enhanced byobstacle effect
Convection activity at cloud top due to UV absorber
Off-line On-line On-line with wind shear
Convection morphology
Convection depth ×Plumes strength ×Gravity waves amplitude × ×Gravity waves morphology × ×
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Perspectives
Subgrid parametrization : Thermall Plume model and Gravity waves
Planetary boundary layer turbulence
Implementation of Photochemistry and Microphysics scheme
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Additional Slide
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Main convective layer
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Variability with local time
The Equator
No variation between day and night.Consistent with VeRa observations.
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Variability with latitude
Noon
75◦ thicker than the Equator, consistent with observations55◦ : GCM mid-latitude jets are too close to the pole.
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Convective layer
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Convective layer
Convective heat flux ρθ′w ′
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Convective layer
Heating rate form convection Div(θ′w ′) (10−3 K/s)
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Convective layer
Comparison between radiative HR and convective HR (10−3 K/s)
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Gravity waves
Vertical momentum flux ρu′w ′
Same order of magnitude that Earth studies (Horinouchi et al, 2002)
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Gravity waves
Acceleration from GWs Div(u′w ′) (10−3 m/s−2)
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Equator noon
Static stability Convective heat flux
Convection between 67 and 73km
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Variability with local time
The Equator
Weaker convecive activity at midnightDestabilization at midnight due to dynamics
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Cloud top convective activity : Variability with latitude
At noon
No convection at 75◦.But convective activity present at 55◦ : GCM jets position.
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Large scale dynamics effect
Magellan data
Hinson et al, 1995 Hinson et al, 1995
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Cloud model : Equator-50
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Cloud model : 50-60
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Cloud model : 70-80
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