May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 1

Robert StobiePrime Focus Imaging

SpectrographStatus

• Optics repair - in progress!• Status of other fix and improvement projects• Focus tilt analysis - not as bad as you thought• Detector issues - efficiency closet issues• Commissioning progress - polarimetry• Budget

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 2

Last Meeting: Throughput/ Ghosts

• Inspection + laser in-situ measurements:– Yellow ghost due to

coating problem on dewar window

– Grey loss in camera and possibly collimator "main group"

– UV loss in 3 subassemblies

C o a tin g s

C am era

M g F / so lg e l2

M g F 2

M u ltilay e r

C aF 2

S ilica

C o llim a to r

• Instrument removed (Nov), optics shipped to Pilot Group in Calif (Dec)• Disassembled into multiplets, throughput measured by monochromator (Feb-Mar):

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 3

Throughput – Collimator

• No grey loss• Sharp UV loss at 380

nm in both triplet and doublet

• Agrees with collimator laser measurements

• Solgel coatings good

C ollim atorVersion 3-A pr-07

S TF M gF2Fused Q uartzC aF2S TF M gF2

C C M gF2Fused Q uartzC C S o lgel

C C S o lgelFused Q uartzC C S o lgel

C C S o lgelC aF2N aC lC aF2S TF M gF2

S TF M ultilayerFused S ilicaC aF2S TF M ultilayer

Field lens Assembly

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Collim ator M ain Group

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Collimator

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 4

Throughput - Camera

• Grey loss in camera triplet

• Same UV loss signature seen in camera quartet and triplet

• Agrees with camera laser measurement

• Transmission loss seen in field flattener (dewar window) consistent with coating problem

C am era

V ersion 3-Apr-07

STF M ultilayerFused S ilicaC aF2Fused S ilicaC aF2C C Solge l

C C Solge lC aF2C C Solge l

C C Solge lFused S ilicaN aC lFused S ilicaSTF M ultilayer

STF M ultilayer (H um )Fused S ilicaSTF M ultilayer (H um )

Field Flattener

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Camera Triplet

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Cam era Barrel

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 5

Comparison with on-sky

• Stacking all transmission measurements and dividing by expected (from coating witnesses and design): Agrees well!

• => 2 small problems and one big one:– flattener coating

– camera triplet grey loss

– UV loss signature in 4 multiplets

Optics Throughput Shortfall

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Wavelength (nm)

EG 21 S litless Spec

47 Tuc Im aging

EG 21 Im aging Burst

M ar-Jun Im aging Burst

FPR D M in

M onochrom ator

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 6

Flattener Coating Repair• Vendor (Spectrum Thin Films) agrees

front surface is bad. The other surface (same coating) is good.

• Witness sample curve from run looks good.

• Flattener has unique coating: humidity-resistant multilayer on fused silica. 3 other SPT multilayers on silica are good. Presume one-time process problem.

• Too risky to chemically remove bad coating - now being polished off by lens figuring vendor (Janos)

• SPT to recoat gratis, also apply new water resistant overcoat if UV tests good

• Will remeasure transmission after recoat

Field Flattener

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 7

Camera Triplet – Grey Loss• Seen as bright disk looking back into camera

after removing detector

• Bright disk is at center of curved interface between NaCl and Silica in camera triplet (last element)

• Camera Triplet is the only multiplet with grey loss

• Fluid expansion bladder found to be empty. Bladder is common to both gaps.

• Bright disk vanishes when bladder refilled and pressure slowly released from multiplet. No apparent damage to optical surfaces

• No explanation for fluid loss: no evidence of leakage. Other multiplets OK so far.

• Currently watching fluid levels, experimenting to see if fluid is absorbed into RTV; will remeasure triplet transmission.

Camera Triplet

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 8

UV Throughput Problem - Cause

• Common spectral signature + no substrate / coating in common

• Only multiplets => coupling fluid (0.8 mm pathlength)? Yes, 1 mm fluid samples all show signature

• Fluid shows signature after incubation with polyurethane (expansion bladders)

• Also see UV rolloff from viton in O-rings. Verified by Goodman spectrograph fluid (3 yrs)

Multiplet Optics Transm ission

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Multiplet Optics Transm ission

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(F lu id + B ladder)

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Fluid Sample Transmission

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Fluid Sam ple Transm ission

Fluid + Material Experiments

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Wavelength (nm)

N ew F lu id

Polyurethane Tubing

SylG ard 184

RTV Sealant 730

Sulfuric Anodizing

Brass

P lastic Syringe

Viton

Polyurethane b ladder

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 9

Compatibility Experiments• Need to change fluid and/or

bladder and O-ring material: incubate at 35C & measure transmission (1 mm path)

• UV Fluids: current Cargille LL5610 ("solixane") or new LL3421 ("perfluorocarbon")

• Bladder: current polyurethane, bad with both fluids: need to change. 3 materials compatible

• O-ring: current viton OK with new LL3421 fluid. Current fluid only good with silicone O-Rings

• Fluid: new fluid OK with other materials in multiplets

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Wavelength (nm)

LL5610 Fluid

Polyester PET

Polyethylene LDPE

PVC G love

N itrile G love

C lear PVC Sheet

Polyurethane Sheet

Buna-N Rubber

S ilicone O -R ing

Teflon PTFE Sheet

Viton O -R ing

Buna-N O -R ing

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Wavelength (nm)

LL3421 FluidPolyester PETPolyethylene LDPEPVC G loveN itrile G loveC lear PVC SheetBuna-N RubberPolyurethane SheetTeflon PTFE SheetViton O -R ingS ilicone O -R ingBuna-N O -R ingAnodized A lSylgard 184BrassRTV 730

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 10

UV Throughput repair

• Current plan: flush/ replace fluid with LL3421, replace bladder with compatible material

• Can be done without disassembling multiplets– Pro: avoid risk of contaminating

coatings, exposing NaCl

– Con: additional 1% transmission loss in 18 fluid/ glass interfaces since index match not as good

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LL3421LL5610

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 11

Repair plan

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 12

Mechanical Fixes/ Improvements

• Slitmask mechanism– severe reliability problems due to difficulty of aligning magazine,

carrier, and focal plane chute– redesigned, rebuilt, in bench testing

• Grating stage flexure– out-of spec flexure perpendicular to dispersion– repair current grating stage; purchase new, improved one

• Etalon flexure– ring centers do not flex the same: dual etalon difficulty– etalon seat redesigned; in machining

• Improve filter barcode reading reliability: done• Fix guider interference (limits field): not done• Improve baffling

– moving baffle damage, maintainability. Material received– payload/ instrument interface. Material received

• Mount UW startracker. 7 deg field video; outreach webcam of telescope FOV. Interfaced

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 13

Spare Control System

• Full-up spares control boxes

• Mechanism simulators

• swap out failed box, troubleshoot on ground

• done - in checkout

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 14

Focus Tilt• RSS Longslit PV PI's found

unexpected focus gradation across spectrum, especially with narrow 0.6" slit where spectrograph focus contributes– Find magnitude of effect at least 3x

expected from known longitudinal chromatic aberration

– Suspect intended fixed detector tilt varied under flexure due to poor seating of detector, corrected in Nov 2006 (16.6' = 4500 microrad)

• Analyzed what would be ultimate performance if tilt mechanism added

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 15

Tilting the Detector• With 0.6 arcsec slit, fixed

tilt gives maximum 13% focus gradation

• With adjustable tilt, typical effect 2-3%, except ~5% in UV

• Design implications– tricky redesign of detector

interface to minimize flexure

– use PZT + DAC to avoid use of control axis

• Do we want to do this?

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Thin - C urrentThick - Optimize detector tilt

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 16

Detector – Full Well• RSS detector gains were set such that the lowest gain ("BRIGHT/FAST") just

saturates the A/D when the summing well is full (saturated 2x2 binning).

• PV observations found saturation at 25% A/D saturation, requiring 4x as many readouts for high S/N targets

• Dave Carter finds that CCD spec fine print says summing well is 4 pixels deep only in "low sensitivity" mode, where noise is >2x the standard ("high sensitivity") mode, which has 1 pixel deep fullwell.

• khn proposal: replace BRIGHT/FAST with low sensitivity mode, decrease gain in FAINT/FAST to improve dynamic range. Reasoning:

– BRIGHT/FAST: for high photon rate projects

– FAINT FAST: for projects requiring many readoutsP ix e ls

S e ria lR eg is te r

S u m m in g W ell

Noise Noise Plan Actual Actuale- e-/ADU ADU 2x2 Sat 2x2 Sat Dn Rnge

Fnt Fst 6.34 5.22 1.21 1.99 0.50 4845Brt Fst 10.04 10.86 0.93 0.97 0.24 1946Fnt Slw 2.51 1.21 2.08 8.52 2.13 14561Brt Slw 3.73 2.97 1.26 3.51 0.88 13583Fnt Fst 4.60 3.00 1.53 0.89 8270Brt Fst 15.65 9.29 1.68 1.15 2486

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 17

Detector - Overhead/ Reliability• During polarimetric commissioning, found that detector readout overhead

2-4x actual readout time (time used in PIPT), e.g. – 2x2 Fnt/Slw: 25 sec, should be 12– 2x2 Fnt/Fs:t 16 sec, should be 4

• For any mode requiring many readouts, a serious efficiency hit 10-20% on 100sec readouts.

• Why?– unnecessary prep time? (S/W being modified)– disk save time. Does seem quite long– transfer to Quack? Quite variable

• Detector susceptible to crashing if click mouse at wrong time. Can cause severe extra "overhead" plus operator frustration.

• => Hardware and/ or software architecture may be inadequate to service I/O and user interface.

• (khn opinion) PDET HW/SW should be re-assessed from ground up.

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 18

CommissioningNov 2006 Polarimetric. Calibration:

• Linear polarimetric efficiency and position angle zeropoint with QTH lamp and polaroids

• Linear instrumental polarization with 2 standard stars in 300 and 900 l/mm gratings with M30 globular cluster in imaging mode

• Linear polarization position angle calibration and repeatability with 3 standard polarized stars in 300 and 900 l/mm grating

• After RSS return: < 400 nm90

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H NP'B Polaro idH N7 Polaro id

May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 19

Polarimetry P-VNovember 2006 Polarimetric PV• SNe. 300 l/mm. 4 epochs of SN2006mq

(late SNIa); 5 of SN2006mr (premax SNIa). Imaging pol of fields. (Nordsieck/ Hole)

• High spectral resolution spectropolarimetry. T Ori, MWC120 (Herbig AeBe), 2300 l/mm, 0.6 arcsec (R ~ 10,000) at H alpha. (Vink, Armagh)

• Longslit spectropolarimetry of Orion nebula in support of FP polarimetry

• Fast spectropolarimetry (~100 sec) on Blazar PKS0537-441. (Fairall)

• All-Stokes spectropolarimetry of mCV (Potter, Brink)

• Analysis software still in work (UW)

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May 22, 2007 SSWG #17 UNC 20

Cost to Completion

• Includes repair cost estimate

• Still predicting CTC ~20% over CDR budget

$-

$1,000,000

$2,000,000

$3,000,000

$4,000,000

$5,000,0002002 2003 2004

PD

R

CD

R

Del

iver

y

E st C ost to C om pletion

U W

SAAO

R U

Tota lExpenditures

Baseline

20% Budgeted Reserve

now

2005 2006 2007