may-june-july 2004 wormwoman’s wormezine

WormWoman’s WormEzine Vol. 3 No. 3

http://www.wormwoman.com Vol. 3 No.3 May-June-July 2004WormEzine

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WormEzine Vol. 3, No. 3, May-June-July 2004

News and information from Mary Appelhofabout vermicomposting, worms, and other critters that live in the soil.

May-June-July 2004 Copyright Flowerfield Enterprises 2004 FREEEmail:[email protected] Phone: 269-327-0108 FAX: 269-327-7009Address:10332 Shaver Road, Kalamazoo, MI 49024 USAWeb site www.wormwoman.com

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They laughed when I said worms eat my garbage, but I showed them how, and now thousands say the same thing

A WORD FROM MARY APPELHOF aka Worm Woman====================================================

Dear Worm Workers,

Well, here it is in mid-summer and I am just now getting your WormEzineto you. I wanted to give you a review and picture-show of my trip to Russia backin March, but it takes SO long to identify and label photographs, organize, andselect them when I am also juggling so many other projects. But, here is the firstinstallment, and I promise you the next one won’t take so long to get out. Be sureto go to my website where I have the photographs posted in the photo-essayWormwoman’s Trip to Russia. http://www.wormwoman.com

Things seem to be much quieter this year in the worm industry. This maybe good, because it seems there aren’t the scam-artists out there separatingpeople from their money. But every week, across the country, someone isteaching a class on worm composting, or putting on a program for kids aboutworms, or getting an article in the local paper about their local worm farm. It’slower key. It’s local. It’s families and master gardeners, and recyclingcoordinators, and new small business owners who are in the trenches findingorganic materials to feed their worms and sell them for bait, or composting.



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I’ve also included an essay on how you might be able to get involved asan ACDI/VOCA volunteer. I went to Russia under the Farmer-to-Farmerprogram. I can assure you, I wouldn’t have gotten nearly as much informationabout what is going on in Vladimir if I had not had the briefing manual andpreliminary research done by the project supervisor, Olga Limanova. So, we allbenefit. . . you, me, Green-PIK, and anyone else who takes the time to read myarticles.

Enjoy the rest of the summer. And drop me an email if you have comments,questions, or stories to share.

Sincerely,

Mary Appelhof

Changing the way the world thinks about garbage

CONTENTS of this issue

1. Feature2. Essay3. Notable Bits4. Comments from the Emailroom5. Coming Events6. Product Highlights7. About the Author8. The Small Print

1=========================FEATURE=======================

Vermicomposting in Russia: What Lessons Can We Learn?

Konin’s Top Ten List for Building a Successful Vermicomposting IndustryMary Appelhof

For photo essay to accompany this feature, go to:http://www.wormwoman.com/acatalog/ezine

We received freedom as a desert and we must learn to plant trees in it.Yevgeny Yevtoshenko



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I found a remarkable set of circumstances going on in Russia during mythree weeks there in March. Prior to my going I had no idea how comprehensivea vermiculture program they have developed there. I describe here what I found,knowing that I will leave much out, and that more developments are takingplace every month. But it should whet your appetite for wanting to learn moreabout what is going on with worms in Russia.

Key figures in this story are Mr. Sergey Konin, General Director of Green-PIK, (the Boss), Dr. Igor Titov, Director of the Innovation Center (the Scientist),and Dr. Anatoly Igonin, holder of patents on earthworms (the Populist). Konin isvery much the businessman, coming from a background that includes themilitary, economics, government, and manufacture. He provides not only thevision for the company, but allocates the resources to make things happen.Green-PIK is the ecological arm of a larger organization, PIK, a holding companywith 22 businesses employing some 2000 people. Businesses include restaurants,bakeries, markets, a 12-story hotel, a meat-processing plant, a department store,and a weekly newspaper. Green-PIK businesses produce vermicompost(biohumus), a liquid extract from vermicompost (Humistar) and compostingworms they offer under the trademark Staratel..

1. VISIONGreen-PIK’s vision is to address the problem of the destruction of life in

the soil due to the extensive use of chemical agriculture during Soviet times.Their rather amazing position is that life in the soil can be restored only throughvermiculture. Amazing because it is so contrary to most agricultural practicestoday, which rely so heavily on synthetic chemical inputs for fertilizers,pesticides, and herbicides.

2. IDENTIFY EXISTING TECHNOLOGIESUnder Konin's leadership, Dr. Titov, Director of Green-PIK's Innovation

Center, has spent the past four years assembling information from sourcesaround the world about vermiculture and vermicomposting. He foundparticularly useful the work of Thomas Barrett in the 1954 book, Harnessing theEarthworm.Titov realized that, although many publications have come after thislittle book, it still presents and describes valid, but simple technologies forincreasing production of composting earthworms. Barrett himself said, in a smallmonograph published in1951, that after articles about his work, appeared, peoplefrom all over the world, including Russia, wrote to him and visited him. It mayhave been those Russians who went back to Russia talking about the merits ofthe California red worm that permeates the vermiculture literature in Russiatoday. The Green-PIK conference honored Thomas Barrett’s work during the 2ndInternational Scientific Practical Conference Earthworms and Soil Fertility held inVladimir in March, 2004.

Titov acknowledges with frustration that most of the information onvermiculture is written in English. Although he reads English, speaking it isdifficult for him, (and I can neither speak nor read Russian) so we usually had torely on an interpreter. It didn’t take an interpreter, however, for him to show methe minuscule space on his shelves devoted to Russian books on earthworms



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compared to the shelves holding earthworm books in English. On the otherhand, Russia has a long tradition of exceptionally strong scientific work in soilscience, including the work of Vladimir Vernadsky who defined the boundariesof the biosphere that 20-mile skin around the planet from the deepest oceans tothe outermost atmosphere that contains life. With its many agriculturalinstitutes, scientific academies, technological universities and other institutions,Russia and the countries of the former Soviet Union have a very strong base fromwhich to make real advances in vermiculture. Green-PIK is committed totranslating some of the more useful books on vermiculture from English intoRussian so that more good information is available to a growing number ofRussians.

One of the Green-PIK staff members spent three weeks in the U.S. on oneof the exchange programs offered for young people from Russia. He was veryproud of having spent several days with Jim Jensen when Jim managed YelmWorm Farm. He went back to Russia with knowledge of Dr. Clive Edwardswedge system in which a windrow is laid down, then new feed placed alongsidethe windrow so that worms move into the fresh material, eventually leavingharvestable vermicompost in the original portion of the ever-widening windrow.We saw this system being effectively utilized in the Green-PIK productionfacilities.

3. CARRY OUT ECONOMIC ANALYSES ON POTENTIAL NEWENTERPRISES

As General Director of the Green-PIK enterprises, Konin is a hands-onmanager. He works between Vladimir, Kovrov, and Moscow, with offices in eachof the locations. Konin is continually on the phone, on the road, setting upmeetings, giving speeches, and meeting directly with people regarding oneproject or enterprise or another. Konin works out the numbers for any newventure before committing to it. If the numbers don’t work out, he doesn’t take iton.

Konin says that ecological husbandry is not possible without vermiculturetechnology. He claims that Russian businessmen can earn 150 billion dollarsusing Green-PIK’s methodologies for producing vermicompost. This includesusing the earthworms they have trademarked under the name Staratel. Althoughthey are using the term hybrid, (I think it is more appropriate to call it selectivebreeding), the Staratel worms originated from breeding southern and northernstrains of Eisenia fetida. This work was done in 1982 by Anatoly Igonin,Ph.D.,whose patents they purchased, and whom they feature extensively in theirpromotional materials. This slight, dapper, white-haired gentleman wrote thebook that Green-PIK sells to teach people about the many benefits of usingearthworms in their gardens to grow more bountiful harvests of nutritious fruitsand vegetables. (Earthworms: Methods of Improving Soil's Fertility with Assistance ofEarthworms Ten Times as Much.) Titov and I agreed that Professor Igonin seems tobe the Russian counterpart for Thomas Barrett here in the U.S., but about 30years later. Barrett turned a southern California hillside with hard, compactedsoil into a lush green fertile garden using his Earthmaster system for raisingworms and using the vermicompost they produced. His book, Harnessing the



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Earthworm, published originally in 1947is a classic today, well-worth reading, stillin print, and available from us at http://www.wormwoman.com

4. OFFER TRAINING PROGRAMS

Green-PIK offers regular seminars, conducted by Professor Igonin, Dr.Titov, and others on a regular basis. Their five-day course includes technologicalproduction of vermicompost, bedding preparation and technology,vermicomposting, raw vermicompost production, humification, and commercialvermicompost production. In addition, the course presents training onvermicompost and the trade-marked product, Humistar, including agrochemical,physical, and chemical characteristics, vermicompost as a fertilizer, and thecharacteristics and usage of the liquid humic preparation. Further instruction isgiven on production characteristics of their earthworm trademarked as Staratel,the relationship to agrotechnologies and soil fertility, the technology of soilrecovery, and small-scale and commercial usage of this earthworm. Three-dayand one-day seminars are also given as demand fills the classes. One-dayseminars are given regularly on a monthly basis.

This is a far cry from the situation in the United States where fewopportunities are available for people to learn about vermicompostingtechnology and production at a consistent location and with a definedcurriculum. The most consistent seminar, Best Management Practices inVermicomposting, offered by Pete Bogdanov of Vermico for the past several yearsin Portland, Oregon, in October has provided the best opportunity for obtaininginformation with development of a vermiculture business as a focus.Unfortunately, his seminar will not be held in year 2004, so it deprives not onlyparticipants from this excellent training opportunity, but deprives the presentersfrom getting caught up with new developments.

End of Part I. Vermicomposting in Russia will continue in the next newsletter

2============================ESSAY===========================

ACDI/VOCA Provides Opportunities for Travel and ServiceMary Appelhof

Have you always wanted to travel abroad, but never felt you had the timeor the money? Or have you wanted a better reason than to travel just as a tourist?

Consider offering your talent and know-how to serve as an ACDI/VOCAvolunteer. This 40-year old organization combined the Agricultural CooperativeDevelopment International and Volunteers in Overseas Cooperative Assistanceto help non-governmental organizations, cooperatives, and private enterprisesdo a better job of such activities as growing and processing food, baking bread,setting up their books, marketing their products, and becoming profitableenterprises. They want projects to have long-term, self-help benefits, and thosewhich contribute to democratic processes and civil liberties of host country



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nationals.

As a volunteer you will have your travel, lodging, and meals paid inexchange for sharing your expertise in key areas such as food production andprocessing, food security, sustainable agriculture, business development, andnatural resource management and training. Since 1971, ADCI/VOCA volunteersparticipated in over 8000 projects in 120 countries. I know of requests for help invermicomposting projects in Kazakhstan (reported in Worm Digest, Issue #2,Fall, 1993) and Uzbekistan in addition to the Belarussian (Worm Digest, #20) andRussian projects I have participated in.

World Travel Leads to Quest for Greater UnderstandingAlthough ACDI/VOCA is funded through the U.S. Agency for

International Development (USAID), USDA, World Bank and other sponsors, itisn’t a way for you to make money. Its a way for you to provide service to peoplewho will broaden your understanding and enrich your life in ways you wouldnever have thought possible. I have been an ACDI/VOCA volunteer three timesto date: Belarus (1997), and in Russia, St. Petersburg (1998), and Vladimir, (2004).I wouldn’t trade the experiences for anything. I have made lifetime friendshipsthat enhance my life every day. I have read book after book describing theevents, policies, and challenges which citizens faced during Soviet times and theconsequences of which they face today. Its only after tasting these cultures andbecoming aware of how little I knew was I driven to seek out this information.

I am an active member of the Kalamazoo/Pushkin (Russia) Partnership, agroup of citizens in Kalamazoo who have reciprocal delegations between thecities and who put on a Russian Festival every year. Dr. Svetlana Maksimova, myACDI/VOCA host in Belarus, collaborated with me in translating myvermicomposting display so that we each have a Russian/English bi-lingual,illustrated display on how to set up a worm bin.

Rooftop Gardening and Vermicomposting in St. PetersburgAlla Sokol of the St. Petersburg Urban Gardeners Association wanted help

designing the vermicomposting system located in the basement of the 9-storycooperative apartment building she lived in. She already had residents growingvegetables and berries on the large flat roofs. If residents would save their foodwaste and feed it to redworms, they could provide nutrient-rich vermicompostfor the rooftop garden plants without having to use synthetic fertilizers. While Iwas there we met with city officials to explain the entire project and helpestablish credibility for it.

Alla told me that the book of photographs I sent her saved her days ofagonizing review by tax assessors who came to her apartment to determine howthe project should be taxed. She was able to show them the whole story of thegardens on the rooftops, the collection of food waste in a white bucket, the wormbins in the basement, and bags of biohumus (vermicompost) sold in gardencenters, merely by leafing through the album. What could easily have taken aweek without this documentation was finished within an hour and a half, muchto her relief.



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Earthworms and Soil Fertility Focus in VladimirMy most recent assignment was in Russia as an ACDI/VOCA volunteer

in the Farmer to Farmer Program where I worked with Dr. Igor Titov and Mr.Sergey Konin of Green-PIK, who are involved in establishing vermiculturetechnologies in the Vladimir region northeast of Moscow. In addition topreparing and giving presentations at the 2nd International Conference onEarthworms and Soil Fertility, I met with gardeners, schoolchildren, collegestudents, and teachers. Before the assignment ended I had to prepare a finalreport giving recommendations to my host on how they could improve theiroperations, establish greater credibility in their markets, and otherrecommendations specific to the project.

How Can You Get Involved?You, too, can enrich your life by offering to be an ACDI/VOCA volunteer.

Find out more about the program at: http://www.acdivoca.orgTo view descriptions of some of the projects currently seeking volunteers,

go to::

http://www.acdivoca.org/acdivoca/webdocs.nsf/VolunteerbyCountry?OpenForm

Many people reading this are not from the United States. You won’t beeligible to become a volunteer. But you may be in a very good position to requestassistance from ADCI/VOCA and get a volunteer to help you in your ownprogram! Check out the ADCI/VOCA website athttp://www.acdivoca.org/acdivoca/acdiweb2.nsf/wherewework?openpageto see if your country is among those with an office. If so, contact them to see ifyou can develop a scope of work that will aid you in becoming moreknowledgeable, more efficient, more productive in your vermicompostingoperation. After all, the more worms we have the better soil we will have, themore life in the soil, the better crops. The better crops will produce betternutrition, and with better nutrition, better lives. Better lives for everyone meansless need to compete and more bounty to share.

Mary Appelhof is an author, publisher, and developer of educational materialsand supplies for vermicomposting. Her website ishttp://www.wormwoman.com

ACDI/VOCA is a private, nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C.

ACDI/VOCA sends highly qualified individuals abroad to provide short-termspecialized technical assistance to cooperatives, private-sector agriculturalenterprises and government agencies upon request.

3=========================NOTABLEBITS========================



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A. DIARY OF A COMPOST HOTLINE OPERATOR WINS AWARD. SpringGillard's book won a 2004 "Garden Globe Award of Achievement" from theGarden Writers Association. The Garden Writers Association (GWA), of which Iam a member) is an organization of over 1800 professional communicators in thelawn and garden industry.http://www.gwaa.org/

Book Link:http://cityfarmer.org/springbook.html#diary

Spring Gillard works for City Farmer - Canada's Office of Urban Agriculture inVancouver, answering compost questions on the Compost Hotline. Her book ispublished by New Society Publishers

B. GREEN TEACHER REVIEWS COMPOST, BY GOSH! Composting withworms is a hands-on green activity that kids can enjoy even before they can read,and Compost, By Gosh! aims to get them started on it with a minimum of adulthelp. Written by Michelle Eva Portman for the preschool to Grade 3 level, thishow-to book is a cutely rhymed story with colorful and inventive graphics thatshow a girl doing most of the work and having all the fun with her wigglyfriends. The story and supplementary section at the back of the book, giveenough information to get started, and the author lists a few other sources youmay need to consult for the stickier details (such as how to separate the wormsfrom the compost before putting it on the garden). Enthusiasticallyrecommended (and published) by noted worm woman Mary Appelhof, authorof Worms Eat My Garbage. (GF)

2003, ISBN 0-942256-16-6 (hardcover), 42pp., US $16.95 plus $5 s&h from FlowerPress, 10332 Shaver Road, Kalamazoo, MI 49024, 269-327-0108http://www.wormwoman.com

Reviewed in GREEN TEACHER, Vol. 73, Spring 2004, p 49.http://www.greenteacher.com

C.. WORM COMPOSTING BOXES MADE FROM RECYCLED REDWOODFENCE. A former Councilwoman from San Jose and her husband were takingdown an old redwood fence. Ken Kelly learned about it from his wife, a currentcouncilwoman. Ken manages Santa Clara County’s home composting educationprogram and, avid recycler and proponent of vermicomposting that he is, pickedup 200 of the old fence boards to recycle into worm composting boxes. Helldonate the worm bins to schools to use in campus food-waste recyclingprograms

D. HOSPITAL IN INDIA USES VERMICOMPOSTING FOR MANAGINGWASTE. According to the Hindu Times, the Cooperative Hospital at Kakkanaduses earthworms to turn the hospital waste into manure in specially preparedcompost pits. A recent documentary film showing that and othervermicomposting projects has been produced, entitled, Biowaste Management: ASilent Revolution. Micro-level management is the solution to managing waste,



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according to this film,managing waste at the point of its generation. For thearticle and more information on the film, go to:

http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2004071500050200.htm&date=2004/07/15/&prd=thlf&

4==============COMMENTS FROM THE EMAILROOM=============

Subject: Worms on the pavement

Dear Jody,

Thank you for your note saying that you heard me on KQED on Friday. Iam amazed at how many people I have heard from who listened to the program!I'm glad you found our conversation interesting. . . I always enjoy talking aboutworms!

So you are a worm saver! Many people are, and I'm always glad to hearfrom more. If the worms are on the sidewalk, a driveway, or parking lot, theywould have come from nearby, so placing them on soil under grass on the edgeof the pavement would probably be your best choice. During the night and inrain, they can move without any deterrents, so they may move quite a distance.Their bodies don't dry out in the rain. When the sun comes out, however, the UVlight can break down the collagen in their bodies that provides firm tissue forthem to be able to move through a combination of muscles contracting againsttheir fluid-filled body. It may be impossible for them to find their own way toshelter on their own, so this caring behavior on your part probably saves someworms. It may be too late for others, but at least your heart is in the right place!

Thanks again for writing.

Mary Appelhof

5======================COMINGEVENTS========================A. SEPT. 22, 23, 2004. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI. MARY APPELHOF TO SPEAK ATMISSOURI BOTANIC GARDEN. Jean Ponzi is working out a schedule for apresentation to the public one evening, followed by a teacher training workshopthe following day. Contact Jean at 314-577-0246 for more details as the date getscloser.

B. OCTOBER 15, 16. 17. BIONEERS GREAT LAKES CONFERENCE, TRAVERSECITY, MICHIGAN. The awesome and inspiring Bioneers Conference which Ihave attended the past three years in San Rafael, California, is offering satelliteconferences in several locations, including in my home state. I will be "thinkingglobally, acting locally" this year by giving a workshop on vermicomposting inTraverse City, rather than flying out to California for the conference which willdraw 3000 people. Each plenary session, consisting of 5 speakers who have 25minutes each to deliver their powerful, stimulating message, will be beamed bysatellite to the regional conferences. Traverse City had over 250 attendees last



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year, and I heard was every bit as exciting as the one in California. Theadvantage of going to a more local conference is that you hear from local expertsduring workshops relevant locally, and can connect with activists in your ownregion to get things moving in positive directions. To find out more aboutBioneers and learn where the other satellite conferences are, go to:

http://www.bioneers.org

6. =====================PRODUCTHIGHLIGHTS===================A. IT'S NOT TOO LATE TO GET YOUR COMPOST TEA BREWER FOR THESEASON!We are still very enthusiastic about compost tea, and more and more reports arecoming in about its effectiveness in stimulating plant growth, suppressingdiseases, and reducing the demand for watering. When I give my Worm Bins andCompost Tea presentation at conferences, I still give out handouts written by Dr.Elaine Ingham describing how to make your own actively aerated compost teabrewer using an aquarium aerator and a 5 gallon bucket. The article, BrewingCompost Tea, originally appeared in Kitchen Gardener, but that magazine is nowout of print. You may, however, find and print your own copy at:http://www.taunton.com/finegardening/pages/g00030.asp

Following the instructions and guidelines she gave in this article, I assembled myown Actively Aerated Compost Tea Brewer for about $30 for the parts andpieces. It makes great tea with worm castings from my bin and some leaf moldcompost to give it a better inoculum of fungi. But it takes 24 hours to brew. And Iface the problem of many homeowners who don’t have the resources to pay acouple of hundred dollars to get a sample of my vermicompost analyzed toconfirm that the organisms are there.

Knowing that some people would prefer to have someone else do the job oflining up a suitable aeration pump and pay for the biological tests to determine ifthe compost/vermicompost contains the desired numbers and kinds of activeand total bacteria, active and total fungi, protozoa, and beneficial nematodes, wenow offer Leon Hussey's KIS 5 Gallon Compost Tea Brewer. It consists of apowerful pump for excellent aeration, a diffusion coil for producing the bubbles,and all necessary tubing and connections. All you have to provide is the bucket.Enough good quality compost and food sources come with the unit to make 3 5-gallon batches of tea. Leon has paid thousands of dollars in testing to ensure thatthe system multiplies all of the organisms you want in a tea. . . bacteria, fungi,and protozoa. This brewer is so efficient it can deliver excellent compost tea in12 hours, not the 48 hours for the home-assembled brewer described above. Youcan set it up Friday night, let it brew overnight, and spread your freshly-brewedcompost tea on Saturday! And make another batch for a friend or neighbor forSunday!

Order from us at our website for $129.50 plus applicable sales tax and shipping.

http://www.wormwoman.com/acatalog/Compost_Tea_Brewer.html



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B. RUSSIAN WORM CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS AND PAPERS.Full Title: Earthworms and Soil's Fertility Abstracts The 2nd International ScientificPractical Conference on Earthworms and Soil's Fertility. Held in Vladimir, Russia, inMarch 2004 the conference attracted over 200 participants from 19 countries.Papers were presented by scientists and worm industry representatives fromUSA, China, South Africa, India, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, and other states of theformer Soviet Union. Dr.. Clive Edwards and Mary Appelhof from USA, Dr. SunZhenzhun from China, and Dr. Svetlana Maksimova from Belarus from theVermillennium all attended.The 220+ abstracts and papers in this 293 pagepublication provide the most comprehensive information available on the extentto which Russian scientists take vermicomposting and vermiculture seriously.All abstracts are in Russian, with translation to English of 100 of those deemedmost important to the conference editorial committee. According to Dr. Igor N.Titov, conference coordinator and head of Green-PIK's Innovation Center, "Thisdigest is not only a source of new scientific information, but of new contacts, aswell, because it contains full addresses of authors of all articles." Although theaccompanying CD-ROM is supposed to contain the complete texts and graphicinformation of all articles in both Russian and English, we were unable to open iton our PC. You may have better luck.

Major topic areas:

-Biology Biochemistry and Genetics of Earthworms

-Composting and Vermicomposting

-Organic fertilizer: Production, Properties, and Use

-Remediation and Recultivation of the Soil

-Humine Preparates: Preparation, Properties and Use (Humic and Fulvic acids)

Publisher: Green-PIK, Kovrov, Russia

Level: Adult-technical

Language: Russian and English

Specs: Paperbound, 8 1/8 x 11 1/4 in, 20.5 x 28.5 cm, 220+ abstracts

Price: $40 plus MI sales tax and shipping. To order, go to:http://www.wormwoman.com/acatalog/Russian_Worm_Conference__Abstracts.html7==================ABOUT THE



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AUTHOR=========================

Mary Appelhof is founder and president of Flowerfield Enterprises, whichdevelops and markets educational materials on vermicomposting. Its publishingimprint is Flower Press, publisher of the how-to book Worms Eat My Garbage, theclassroom activity book and curriculum guide, Worms Eat Our Garbage: ClassroomActivities for a Better Environment, The Worm Cafe: Mid-scale vermicomposting oflunchroom wastes. Compost, by Gosh!, and Diabetes at 14:Choosing tighter control foran active life, which is not about vermicomposting, but is an invaluable asset foranyone affected by diabetes.

8====================== THE Small PRINT====================

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may-june-july 2004 wormwoman’s wormezine

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