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Page 1: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

1

September 07, 2014

McGraw­Hill Ryerson

Pre­Calculus 11

Chapter 2Trigonometry

Page 2: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

2

September 07, 2014

Focus On ...

Chapter 2

• sketching an angle from 0° to 360° in standard  position and determining its reference angle• determining the quadrant in which an angle in  standard position terminates• determining the exact values of the sine, cosine,  and tangent ratios of a given angle with reference  angle 30°, 45°, or 60°• solving problems involving trigonometric ratios

2.1  Angles in Standard Position

Page 3: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

3

September 07, 2014

Page 4: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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Definitions:

Initial Arm: the arm of an angle in standard position that lies on the x­axis

Terminal Arm: the arm of an angle in standard position that meets the initial arm at the origin to form an angle

Angle in Standard Position:  The position of an angle when its initial arm is on the positive  x­axis and its vertex is at the origin.  

Page 5: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

R

Click here for the solution.

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

Initial Arm

Terminal Arm

Reference Angle

Angle in Standard Position

QuadrantsI II III IV

Drag to label the parts of the above diagram.

Hint

Page 6: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

Reference Angles• Reference

angle is always positive

• Measures between 0 and 90 degrees

Page 7: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

7

September 07, 2014

Page 8: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

Click here for the solution.

Example 1   Sketch an Angle in Standard Position, 0° ≤ θ < 360°   Sketch each angle in standard position. State the quadrant in which   the terminal arm lies.

0

00

c) 315°

a) 36° b) 210°

0 360

10 350

20340

30

33040

32050

31060

300

70

290

80

280

90

270

100

260

110

250

120

240

130

230

140

220

150

210

160200

170190

180180

190170

200160

210

150220

140 230

130240

120

250

110

260

100

270

90

280

80

290

70

300

60

310

50

320

40

330

30

34020

350 10

Use the protractor to measure the indicated angle.  • Drag the green dot to the desired angle.• Press the green arrow to draw the angle.• Drag the angle to the coordinate grid.

Note that if the green arrow and dot are not visible on the protractor, click in the centre of the protractor.  

Hint

2.1

36°

210°

315°

Page 9: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

2.1

Example 1: Your Turn

Sketch each angle in standard position. State the quadrant inwhich the terminal arm lies.

0 0

0

a) 150°  b) 60°

 c) 240°

Click here for the solution.

0 360

10 350

20340

30

33040

32050

31060

300

70

290

80

280

90

270

100

260

110

250

120

240

130

230

140

220

150

210

160200

170190

180180

190170

200160

210

150220

140 230

130240

120

250

110

260

100

270

90

280

80

290

70

300

60

310

50

320

40

330

30

34020

350 10

Page 10: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

22

Example 2   Determine a Reference Angle  Determine the reference angle θR for each angle θ.  Sketch θ in standard position and label the reference  angle θR.

a) 130° b) 300°

2

130°

2

300°

00

Hint

2.1

Page 11: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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2.1

Click here for the solution.

Example 2: Your TurnDetermine the reference angle θR for each angle θ. Sketch θ and θR in standard position.

0 0

a) θ = 75°  b) θ = 240°

Page 12: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Example 3   Determine the Angle in Standard Position   Determine the angle in standard position when an angle of 40° is reflected.

00

a)  in the y­axis b)  in the x­axis

Continue Next Page

2.1

Page 13: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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0

c)  in the y­axis and then in the x­axis

2.1    Example 3 Continued

Page 14: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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2.1

Click here for the solution.

Example 3: Your TurnDetermine the angle in standard position when an angle of 60° is reflected.

0 0 0

c) in the y­axis and    then in the x­axis

b) in the x­axisa) in the y­axis

60° 60° 60°

Page 15: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Section 2.1(Continued)

Angles in Standard Position

Review

Angle in Standard Position:  The position of an angle when its  initial arm is on  the positive  x­axis and its vertex is at the origin.  

Standard Position Not Standard Position

Page 16: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Lesson Focus: Numbering Quadrants and Range of Angles

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

Page 17: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Reference Angles• Reference

angle is always positive

• Measures between 0 and 90 degrees

Note:  The angle between the terminal ray and the x­axis!!

Page 18: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Lesson Focus: Reference Angle Calculations (see  page 78)

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

θR= 180o - θ θR= θ

θR= θ - 180oθR= 360o - θ

Page 19: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Find the reference angle for the following.

11003300

Page 20: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

Find all four angles within 3600 that have a reference angle of 500.

Page 21: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Find the angle of standard position for a terminal arm which has a angle of 200 is reflected about the • x­axis• y­axis• x and y axes Reflected about the x­axis

Reflected about the y­axis Reflected about both

Page 22: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Find x, then find the three trig ratios of angle A.

3

4x

A

B

C

Page 23: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Exact Values:  Answers involving radicals or fractions are exact unlike approximated decimal values.

Examples:

Exact Not Exact

Page 24: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Find x, then find the three trig ratios of angle A.  Give exact answers

2

5x

A

B

C

Page 25: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

Very Special Triangles

Page 26: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Lesson Focus: Special Triangles

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

45o ­ 45o ­ 90o Triangle 

45o

45o

1

1

Calculate c

c

Page 27: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Lesson Focus: Investigate

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

Equilateral triangle: 

60o 60o

60o

2

22

a

Calculate the altitude of the equilateral triangle

Page 28: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Lesson Focus: Special Triangles and Exact Values

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

2.1 Angles in Standard Position

30o

60o

2

1

45o

45o

1

1

30o 45o 60o

Page 29: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Trigonometric Ratios:

Page 30: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

01

2

34 5

67

89

2345°30°

60°

Special Right Triangles

Use the symbols and values to label the following triangles. Symbols may be used more than once, or not at all.

Click here for the solution.

2.1

45°30°60°

Page 31: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

Special Right Triangles

For angles of 30°, 45°, and 60°, you can determine the exact values of trigonometric ratios. Determine what should go in each cell, and then click on the button in each cell to check.

θ  sin θ  cos θ  tan θ 30° 

45°  

60°  

2.1

Page 32: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

A 40 cm wiper rotates from 300 to 1500.  Find the exact horizontal distance it covers.

Page 33: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook

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September 07, 2014

A 12 m boom lowers from 600 to 450.  Find the change in vertical height.  Give an exact answer.

Page 34: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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September 07, 2014

2.1

Example 4: Find an exact Distance

Allie is learning to play the piano.  Her teacher uses a metronome to help her keep time.  The pendulum arm of the metronome is 10 cm long.  For one particular tempo, the setting results in the arm moving back and forth from a start position of 60 to 120.  What horizontal distance does the tip of the arm move in one beat? Give an exact answer.

Page 35: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Your Turn

The tempo is adjusted so that the arm of the metronome swings from 45 to 135.  What exact horizontal distance does the tip of the arm travel in one beat?

Page 36: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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2.1

The following pages are solution pages

Page 37: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Initial Arm

Terminal Arm

Reference AngleAngle in Standard Position

III

III IV

R

Click here to return

2.1

Page 38: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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60°

30°

1

2 345°

45°1

1 2

Click here to return

2.1

Page 39: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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Click here to return

c) 315°

315°

Quadrant IV

b) 210°

Quadrant III

210°

a) 36°

36°

Quadrant I

2.1

Page 40: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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2.1

0

III

III IV

a) 150°  b) 60°  c) 240°

150°

0

III

III IV

0

III

III IV

60°240°

Click here to return

Since 90° < θ < 180°, the terminal arm of θ lies in quadrant II.

Since 0° < θ < 90°, the terminal arm of θ lies in quadrant I.

Since 180° < θ < 270°, the terminal arm of θ lies in quadrant III.

Page 41: McGrawHill Ryerson PreCalculus 11 Chapter 2 Trigonometry · Chapter 2 Trigonometry. Section 2.1 (BLANK).notebook 2 September 07, 2014 Focus On ... Chapter 2 • sketching an angle

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2.1

a) θ  = 75°

75°

 b) θ  = 60°

240°

Click here to return

R  R 

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2.1

0

60°

0

60°300°

0

60°240°

c) in the y­axis and    then in the x­axis

b) in the x­axisa) in the y­axis

Click here to return