measurement & motion
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MeasurementMeasurementBy: Irene Leya Manoj
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People had to walk on foot from oneplace to another.
People used simple boats & rafts
made of tree trunks.
History of TransportHistory of Transport
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People used horses, elephants and camels.
Carts were used after invention of the
wheel.
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Trains and automobiles reduce the time to
travel.
Airplanes were faster and could cover
greater distances.
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History of length measurementHistory of length measurement
Since ancient times , people have used
several ways to measure length. During
those times , people used different body
parts to measure length. E.g.: HANDSPAN , CUBIT & FATHOM.
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Hand Span: It is the distance between the
tip of the thumb &the tip of the little finger
of a fully outstretched hand.
Cubit: It is the distance between the tip of
the middle finger & the elbow
(outstretched).
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Fathom:Fathom: It is the length of anoutstretched hand.
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Standard Unit of MeasureStandard Unit of Measure
A physical quantity such as length has to be
measured with respect to some fixed
quantity. This fixed quantity is called Unit.
Standard units are those that have value
and , therefore , do not vary from place to
place. For example , the metric system ,
created by the French in 1790 , is a
standard set of units
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Metric systemEasy method to remember the conversion table
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Length is the distance between two
objects
Length is measured in the SI unit of
meters
Length is measured with a ruler
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How to Read a Ruler
The larger lines with numbers are centimeters,
and the smallest lines are millimeters.
Since millimeters are 1/10th of a centimeter, if
you measure 7 marks after a centimeter, it is 1.7
centimeters long.
Estimate the final digit. If it is directly on the 7th
mark, the measurement is 1.70 cm.
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Measuring Length
How many millimeters are in 1
centimeter?
1 centimeter = 10 millimeters
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What is the length of the line in centimeters?
_______cm
What is the length of the line in millimeters?
_______mm
2.80
28.0
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Select A, B, or C and then tell why you chosethis measurement as the most reasonable.
Width ofa window A. 10 cm B. 10 dm C. 10 km
Diameterof a ring A. 15 mm B. 15 cm C. 15 km
Length ofa crayon
A. 8 mm B. 8 cm C. 8 dm
Length ofa car
A. 4 dm B. 4 m C. 4 km
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MOTIONMOTION What is motion ?
What are the different types of motion?
Ok! we have answers to allthese questions.
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What is motion?
When an object is
moving , it is said to be in
motion.
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EXAMPLE :
1.When an athlete is running on the ground thenhe is continuously changing his position with
respect to the audience who are sitting at rest.
2.We are continuously changing our position
since morning till night with respect to earth
which is at rest.
3.The earth is continuously changing position
with respect to sun which is at rest.
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What are the differentWhat are the different
types of motion?types of motion?
Linear motion : when a body moves either in a straight line or
along a curved path, then we say that it is executing linear
motion.
1. when a body moves in a straight line then the linear
motion is called rectilinear motion.
eg ., an athlete running a 100 meter race along a straight
track is said to be a linear motion or rectilinear motion.
2.when a body moves along a curved path then the linearmotion is called curvilinear motion.
eg., a planet revolving around its parent star
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Rotatory motion : A body is said to be in rotatorymotion when it stays at one place and turns round
and round about an axis.
example :a rotating fan,a spinning top, the earth.
Oscillatory motion : a body is said to be inoscillatory motion when it swings to and fro about a
mean position.
example : the pendulum of a clock, the swing etc.
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