Measurement Notes

Ms. CannonScience

American System or English System

What is the system of measurement in the United States?

• The United States Customary System or American system- Based on units of “_______”

• It is sometimes called “___________________”

• Base Units: Length= Foot, Volume= Gallons, Mass/Weight=Pounds

Origins of theUnited States Customary System

• In all traditional measuring systems, short distance units are based on the dimensions of the ____________________.

• The ____________ represents the width of a thumb; – In fact, in many languages, the word for "inch" is also

the word for "thumb."

• The ________ (12 inches) was originally the length of a human foot – Although it has evolved to be longer than most people's

feet.

Origins of theUnited States Customary System

• The _________ (3 feet) seems to have gotten its start in England as the name of a 3-foot measuring stick– BUT it is also understood to be the distance from

the tip of the nose to the end of the middle finger of the outstretched hand.

• Finally, if you stretch your arms out to the sides as far as possible, your total "arm span“ from one fingertip to the other is a ____________(6 feet)

Origins of theUnited States Customary System

• The basic traditional unit of weight is the ___________.

• Originated as a Roman unit and was used throughout the Roman Empire.

• The Roman pound was divided into 12 ________.

Origins of theUnited States Customary System

• Longer distances in England are traditionally measured in miles.

• The _______ is a Roman unit, originally defined to be the length of 1000 paces of a Roman legion.

• A "pace" here means two steps, right and left, or about 5 feet, so the mile is a unit of roughly 5000 feet.

What is the Metric System?• The ______________ is an system of measurement

based:– On the decimal; – On a base of ten;– On multiplying and divided by tens.

• A standard set of prefixes in ________of _____may be used to derive larger and smaller units from the _________.

• Base Units: grams (g) for ________ or mass; liter (L) for __________; meter (m) for _________.

Metric Prefixes• Prefix Abbrev.__________________________________• Tera (T) Base x 1012

• Giga (G) Base x 109

• Mega (M) Base x 106

• Kilo (k) Base x 103 • Hecto (h) Base x 102 • Deka (da) Base x 101 • Base • Deci (d) Base x 10-1 (Base ÷ 10) • Centi (c) Base x 10-2 (Base ÷ 100) • Milli (m) Base x 10-3 (Base ÷ 1,000) • Micro (µ) Base x 10-6 (Base ÷ 1,000,000) • Nano (n) Base x 10-9 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000) • Pico (p) Base x 10-12 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000,000)

Where did the Metric System Originate?

• In 1790, in the midst of the French Revolution, the National Assembly of France requested the French Academy of Sciences to "deduce an invariable standard for all the measures and all the weights."

• Metric system was first adopted by _________ in 1791

Metric System

• Since the 1960s the International System of Units has been the internationally recognized standard metric system.

• "Système International d'Unités" in ________, which is why we call it the “_______“ or International System of Units for measurement.

The Metric System is like a Staircase!

How do I use the Metric Staircase?

Where is the Metric System Used?• The International System of Units is the

_______system of measurement for ____nations except for Myanmar, Liberia, and the ___________.

• Although the International System of Units is universally used in _______, and increasingly in medicine, government, and many sectors of industry.

Where is the Metric System Used?

Temperature• Temperature is in the Metric System is measured in

degrees __________.

• Temperature is in the English System is measured in degrees _______________.

• ____________ (T) – The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter. Measured in degrees __________ (K).

• .

Temperature• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.

• Water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit.• Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

Temperature• To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees

Centigrade and vice versa:• (ºF – 32) x 5/9 = Degrees Celsius • (ºC x 9/5 ) + 32 = Degrees Fahrenheit

• To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvins and vice versa:

• ºC+273 = Kelvin• Kelvins – 273 = Degrees Celsius

Volume• ___________ (____) is a measurement of how

much space something takes up.– Liquid base unit is _______, but also can be

______________for solids.

• Volume Formula for Solid Object V = length x width x height

Volume

• A doctors says, “I need 1 cc of insulin stat!”

• 1 milliliter of volume is _________to 1 centimeter cubed.

• _________= ________

Density

• __________ (____) is the mass of something (a.k.a. weight on Earth) divided by its volume.

• ρ is the Greek letter called _______.• Formula for Density

• ρ = Mass ÷ volume = m/V• Units are: grams per liter (g/L) OR grams per

meters cubed (g/m3)

Metric to English ConversionsLength

• 1 km = 0.62 Mi• 1 Mi = 1.61 km• 1 cm = 0.393 in• 1 in = 2.54 cm• 1 Mi = 5280 ft• 1 ft = 30.48 cm• 1 cm = 0.03275 ft

Metric to English Conversions

Volume

• 1 L = 0.26 gal• 1 gal = 3.85 L

Metric to English Conversions

Weight

• 1 kg = 2.2 lbs• 1 lb = 0.45 kg• 1 metric ton = 1000 kg