Measurements of the 27Al(d,)25Mg excitation functions

A. GurbichInstitute of Physics and Power Engineering

Obninsk, Russia

Determination of the target thickness

700 725 750 775 800 825 850 8750

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

d=3650*1015 at./cm2

27Al(d,d)E

d=1100 keV

Cou

nts/

chan

nel

Channel

E=82.5 keV

990 1000 1010 1020 1030 10400

5000

10000

15000

20000

Experimental Simulated

Target thickness =

3680x1015

at./cm2Y

, re

l. un

its

Ep, keV

RBS PIGE

A typical spectrum of -particles for 27Al(d,)25Mg reaction

192 256 320 384 448 5120

200

400

600

800

Ed = 2300 keV

Q = +6706.7 keV

lab=150o

27Al(d,)25Mg

Leve

l ene

rgy,

keV g.s.

585.1974.91611.81964.6

Cou

nts/

Cha

nnel

Channel Number

The excitation functions for 27Al(d,)25Mg reaction

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.827

Al(d,0)

25Mg

0.0

0.227

Al(d,1)

25Mg

0.0

0.2

0.427

Al(d,2)

25Mg

d/d la

b, m

b/sr

0.0

0.2

0.427

Al(d,3)

25Mg

1600 1800 2000 2200 24000.0

0.2

27Al(d,

4)

25Mg

Energy, keV

Uncertainty Budget

Source Uncertainty Comment

Current integration 2% Calibrated with a precise amperemeter

Solid angle 2.5% Direct geometrical measurement

Target thickness 2% Two independent measurements by PIGE and RBS agree within 0.8%

Statistics 1-3% 1

Total <4.5%

Beam energy 0.2% Calibration by the 27Al(p,γ) resonance at 991.9 keV and the 7Li(p,n) reaction threshold at 1880.4 keV

Detector angle 1º

The comparison of the present results with other data for 27Al(d,0)25Mg

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 24000.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

d

/d l

ab, m

b/sr

Energy, keV

Pellegrino, unpublished, IBANDL

Gadioli, Nuovo Chimento 38 (1965) 1105

This work

The comparison of the present results with Pellegrino’s data for 27Al(d,2)25Mg

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

Q=5731 keV

27Al(d,2)

25Mg

=150o

This workPellegrino

d/d,

mb/

sr

Energy, keV

Measurements of the 27Al(d,p)28Al excitation functions

A typical spectrum of protons for the 27Al(d,p)28Al reaction

400 500 600 700 8000

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

lab=150oEd = 2000 keV

Q = +5500.5 keV 27Al(d,p)28AlL

eve

l En

erg

y, k

eV g.s.

30.6 972.41013.61372.91620.31622.9

Cou

nts/

Cha

nnel

Channel Number

The excitation functions for 27Al(d,p)28Al reaction

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.027

Al(d,p0+1

)28

Al

0.0

0.2

0.4 27Al(d,p

2+3)

28Al

0.0

0.227

Al(d,p4)

28Al

d/d,

mb/

sr

1400 1600 1800 2000 22000.0

0.2

Energy, keV

27Al(d,p

5+6)

28Al

The comparison of the present results with other data for 27Al(d,p0+1)28Al

1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 30000.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

=150o

27Al(d,p0+1)

28Al

d

/d la

b, m

b/sr

Energy, keV

Pellegrino Gadioli Lin This work

The comparison of the present results with other data for 27Al(d,p2+3)28Al

1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 30000.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

=150o

27Al(d,p2+3)

28Al

Pellegrino Gadioli Lin This work

d/d l

ab, m

b/sr

Energy, keV

Benchmark

550 600 650 700 750 8000

5000

10000

15000

20000

27Al(d,p5+6)

27Al(d,p4)

27Al(d,p2+3

)

27Al(d,p0+1

)

27Al(d,p) (E

d = 1950 keV)

Experimental Simulated

Cou

nts/

chan

nel

Channel Number

Measurements of the 27Al(p,)28Si thick target yield

A typical pulse-height spectrum for -rays emitted in p + 27Al reaction

100 200 300 400 5000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

NaI(Tl)160x100 mm

Ep = 1005 keV = 90

o

1779 keV 27

Al(p,)28Si40

K

9 MeV 27

Al(p,)28Si

x5

Cou

nts/

Cha

nnel

Channel Number

p

E=1779 keV

E=10764 keV

1779 keV

12543 keV

28Si

27Al

Characteristics of the gamma source used in the work

Major radionuclide

Initial radioactivity according to certificate, kBk

Uncertainty of the acivity, %, (p=0.95)

Half-decay Radioactivity on the day of the measurement, kBk

Gamma-ray energy, keV

Gamma-ray intensity, %

88Y 276.0 on 01.12.2003

1.7 106.65 d 0.358 898 1836 2734

93.70.3

99.20.3

0.710.07

Characteristics of the gamma rays emitted in the decay of the 27Al resonance level excited at Ep=991.9 keV

Transition (level energies in MeV)

Gamma-ray energies, keV Gamma-ray intensities (%)

Coefficient A2

Coefficient A4

R 1778.9 10764 94.0±9.4 [Azuma et al]

94.1±9.4 [Scott & Lusby]

94.8±1.5 [Anttila et al.]

95 [Meyer et al.]

0.0510.005 -0.0320.005

1778.9 g.s. 1778.9 77±7.7 [Azuma et al.]

72.4±3.6 [Scott & Lusby]

76.6±1.5 [Anttila et al.]

75 [Meyer et al.]

0.0000.003 -0.0160.003

R.E.Azuma et al. Can. J. Phys. 44 (1966) 3075 H.L.Scot, T.F.Lusby, NIM 131 (1975) 517 A.Anttila et al. NIM 147 (1977) 501 M.A.Meyer et al. Nucl. Phys. A250 (1975) 235

2 2 4 4( ) 1 (cos ) (cos )W A P A P

1 2 1

2 1 2

I NM

I N

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.2

R => 1779 1779 => 0

The p + 27Al-ray yield for E=9-11 MeV

1000 1200 1400 1600 18000

5

10

15

20

-y

ield

, (nC

*sr)

-1

Ep, keV

27Al(p,)28SiE = 10.78 MeV

Measurements of the 14N(d,)12C excitation functions

Experimental details

Target: C5H5N5 (~1.41018 cm-2) evaporated on the silver backing

0.3 mg/cm2 thick.

Normalization: at 972 keV against Davies J.A., Jackman T.E., Plattner, H., Bubb I. Absolute calibration of 14N(d,) and 14N(d,p) reactions for surface adsorption studies. // Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 218 (1983) 141.

Typical d + 14N spectrum

(12 m aluminum filtering foil, low bias voltage)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 3500

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

=150o E

d = 1400 keV

14N(d,

1)

16O(d,p

1)

14N(d,p

4+5)

14N(d,p

3)

16O(d,p

0)

12C(d,p

0)

14N(d,p

1+2)

14N(d,

0)

13C(d,p0)

14N(d,p

0)

x 10Cou

nts/

cha

nnel

Channel

Reaction Q, keV E3, keV

d,0 13574 9914 d,1 9135 6862 d,p0 8609 8675 d,p1 3339 3910 d,p2 3305 3879 d,p3 2886 3504 d,p4 1455 2231 d,p5 1305 2099

The excitation functions for the 14N(d,)12C reaction

600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 22000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.014

N(d,0)

12C

14N(d,

1)

12C

This work (Run 1) This work (Run 2) [Pellegrino 2004] [Amsel 1969]

d/d l

ab, m

b/sr

Energy, keV

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

This work (Run 1) This work (Run 2) [Pellegrino 2004] [Amsel 1969]

Measurements of the 14N(d,p)15N excitation functions

Typical d + 14N spectrum (300 m aluminum filtering foil)

160 180 200 220 2400

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

50014N(d,p

0)E

d = 1400 keV

Cou

nts/

chan

nel

Channel Number

The excitation functions for the 14N(d,p)15N reaction

600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 22000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

14N(d,p0)

15N

This work Pellegrino 2004 Amsel 1969 Koenig 1977

This work Pellegrino 2004 Simpson 1984 Shorin 1984 Koenig 1977

d/d l

ab, m

b/sr

Energy, keV

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

14N(d,p1+2)

15N