Measuring Volume

What is Volume?

• Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

• Volume can be used to directly measure liquids usually with a beaker or graduated cylinder, or with a formula to measure the volume of solids.

• Formula for measuring volume in solids: • V = L x W x H

Metric Units of Volume MeasurementLiquids• Liter (L) – Unit of measurement (starting point)• Milliliter (ml) – (1 thousandth of a liter, 0.001, 10-3)• Centiliter (cl) – (1 hundredth of a liter, 0.01, 10-2)• Deciliter (dl) – (1 tenth of a liter, 0.1, 10-1) • Decaliter (dal) – (ten liters, 10, 101)• Hectoliter (hl) – (1 hundred liters, 100, 102)• Kiloliter(kl) – (1 thousand liters, 1000, 103)

Solids• Cubic centimeters (cc, cm³)

Volume of irregular shaped solid objects

• Irregular shaped objects can be measured by:– Putting the object in water and measuring the

amount of water displaced.– Finding the difference between the volume of

water and the total volume of the water and the object.

• The units deciliter, decaliter and hectoliter are not used as much as the other units.

• liters are used to measure the capacity of larger things such as pitchers and aquariums • Kiloliters are used to measure the capacity of even larger things like swimming pools.

Metric Conversions

• To convert larger units to smaller ones , you MULTIPLY by units of 10

• To convert smaller units to larger ones you DIVIDE by units of 10

– Example:

– To convert 8 Liters to centiliters (1 hundredth of a liter), you multiply by 100:• 8 x 100 = 800 cL (8 liters = 800 centiliters)

– To convert 6 milliliters (1 thousandth of a liter) to liters, you divide by 1000 • 6 ÷ 1000 = 0.006 L (6 milliliters = 0.006 L)

1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

kiloliter hectoliter decaliter Unit(Liter)

deciliter centiliter milliliter

OR• Find out how far apart the two prefixes are on the line

above. For example, kilo and hecto are one place apart, kilo and deka are two places apart, etc.

• Move the decimal point to the left to convert smaller units or right to convert larger units by the number of places you found in the previous step. If there is no decimal in the number, assume it's after the last digit in the number.

1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

kiloliter hectoliter decaliter Units(liters)

deciliter Centiliter milliliter

Example #1• To convert 1 kiloliter to liters (convert larger to

smaller), move the decimal 1 place to the RIGHT and add zeros where needed for the number of places you move down the table.

• 1 kiloliter = 1000 liters

kiloliter hectoliter decaliter liter deciliter Centiliter milliliter1 0 0 0

Decimal Point

Start End

Example #2• To convert 1 milliliters to liters (convert smaller to

larger), move the decimal 1 place to the LEFT and add zeros where needed for the number of places you move down the table.

• 1 milliliter = 0.001 liters

kiloliter hectoliter decaliter liter deciliter Centiliter milliliter

100

Decimal PointStartEnd

Convert the following measurements

• 12 liters to centiliters ________

• 3 kiloliters to liters _________

• 22 liters to milliliters _________

• 5 centiliters to liters _________

• 8 deciliters to liters _________

• 7 milliliters to deciliters _________

1200 cl

3000 L

22000 ml

0.05 L

0.07 dl

0.8 L

How to Measure Volume

We will be using graduated cylinders to find the volume of liquids and other objects.

Read the measurement based on the bottom of the meniscus or curve. When using a real cylinder, make sure you are eye-level with the level of the water.

What is the volume of water in this cylinder? _____mL

What causes the meniscus?A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid attract those of the container. The glass attracts the water on the sides.

43

Measuring Liquid Volume

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What is the volume of water in each cylinder in milliliters? NOTE: Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.

52 ml

37 ml

22.5 ml

Measuring Solid Volume

10 cm

9 cm

8 cm

We can measure the volume of regular object using the formula length x width x height.

_____ X _____ X _____ = ________

We can measure the volume of irregular object using water displacement.

Amount of H2O with object = ______

About of H2O without object = ______

Difference = Volume = ______

720 cm³9810

260 ml

200 ml

60 ml

Using the beaker of water on your desk, measure out the following volumes in the graduated cylinder.

(pour the water back into the beaker after each measurement).

• 20 ml• 50 ml• 6 ml• 100 ml• 13 ml• 27 ml

Find the volume of the following solid objects on your desk.

(Tilt the cylinder and slide any solid object gently into it. DO NOT drop the object directly into the cylinder!)

• Rock __________

• Small density cube __________

• Marble __________

• Paperclip __________