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MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, SURFACES & SYSTEMS

INFORMATION FOR MASTER STUDENTS w w w . u t w e n t e . n l / e n / e t / M S 3

UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE.

2 © SPRING 2019 UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, SURFACES & SYSTEMS (MS3) 3

WHAT IS A DEPARTMENT?

A Department is an entity in a faculty playing a role in both education and research. Education in the Master phase is directly linked to the research and the (industrial) partners of the Department. The Department is hosted by the Faculty of Engineering Technology of the University of Twente. A Department is characterized by:

• A name: Mechanics of solids, surfaces & systems (MS3)

• A head: prof.dr.ir. D.J. Schipper

• Chairs (Leerstoelen in Dutch): entities within the Department with specific research themes, and educational tasks

• Master students: You!

• Education & Courses

• Permanent staff & temporary staff (PhD-candidates and PostDoc’s)

• Laboratories


DEPARTMENT OF MS3 A well-known quote of Theodore von Kárman states “Where scientists study the world as it is, engineers create the world that never was.” The mission of MS3 is Manufacturing the Future: MS3 develops the technology for future manufacturing processes and new products by a science based engineering approach focused on material- and system behaviour and robust optimization. Creating new and better materials and products as well as the machinery required to make these products is the focus of the MS3 department. Manufacturing new products and/or developing new processes requires a profound scientific understanding of the materials and their interactions throughout the complete life cycle: during production, use and after service life.

The mechanics of materials and systems for small and large deformations, in quasi-static and dynamic conditions provide the background for our operations. Although the products and the manufacturing systems are typically human sized (from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale), the underlying research also deals with submicron features, present or designed and manufactured, on the surfaces to control e.g. the frictional and other physical surface properties. Industry provides a further context for the department. Our students are trained to solve industry’s problems of today and tomorrow and our research is directed to develop the technology needed to be successful in the long run. Complex multi-physics problems are analysed and solutions are developed by the synthesis of scientific building blocks. Three themes are distinguished in our research, related to materials, systems and optimisation methods.


RESEARCH Research within the Department of Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces & Systems (MS3)

addresses the scientific and engineering aspects of the strongly related “triangle” of:

• material (behaviour),

• production and

• products,

where ultimately the performance of all aspects is of crucial importance. Based on this

the research themes defined within MS3 are:

• material behaviour,

• system behaviour and

• robust optimization.


MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR Material behaviour is one of the corner-stones of the MS3 research. Characteri-sation, modelling and creating the paths to engineering solutions are a key exper-tise for a wide range of materials and in-terfaces. Technical materials from elasto-mers, polymers, metals, ceramics to composite materials as well as biological tissues are subject of research. Fibrous materials are of special interest. Typically we use and develop models and experiments iteratively to complete our understanding of the physics involved, in order to design better processes, materials and, in the end, a better product. Both bulk and surface properties are investigated to improve processing and performance, but also functionalization methods are developed to create so-called smart materials (often a system in itself exhibiting multiple physical phenomena at the same time). The chairs involved in MS3 cover a wide range of expertise on material behaviour, from linear elastic to highly nonlinear and extremely anisotropic properties, from static to dynamic and long term fatigue performance, from linear thermal properties to highly rate and state dependent phenomena, for instance as encountered during pulsed laser processing. SYSTEM BEHAVIOUR System behaviour is crucial for both the products and production researched within MS3. Characterisation, identification and multi-physics (dynamic) modelling are the expertise required to ultimately achieve designs that meet their specifications. The models needed in this context cover a large range of complexity. On the one hand, de-tailed knowledge as e.g. from MS3 theme on materials must be available to accurately describe the static and dynamic behaviour of a component in a system. On the other hand, for system level design there is a need for models with less detail that nevertheless capture the influence of design parameters on system performance. This wide range of detail can be identified in the various


modelling techniques researched within MS3. In general static or dynamic properties of components, processes or systems are considered. Specifically considered processes are the thermo-mechanical analysis of forming processes and laser materials (surface) processing. Relevant for component behaviour are the dynamic behaviour of fabrics and the mechanical and thermal modelling of surfaces and interface layers for friction and wear between statically or dynamically interacting components. Dynamic (system) properties involve vibro-acoustic analysis, flexible multibody system dynamics including multiphysics coupling, mechatronic systems (i.e. mechanical systems with sensors, actuators, power generation and (digital) control), as well as dynamics based structural health monitoring and condition monitoring. Characterisation and (system) identification are used to evaluate realized systems. Model-based design approaches are being developed and applied e.g. for complete structural health systems and high performance manipulation equipment. ROBUST OPTIMIZATION The themes Material Behaviour and System Behaviour include modelling of materials and systems. If quantitative models are available to predict the beha-viour of materials and systems, products and processes can be designed with a spe-cified performance. This is often an itera-tive process in which the design is changed until the requirements are satisfied. With a focus on product and process performance within MS3, optimization is a natural extension of the modelling activities within the group. Since optimized structures are often more critical, where materials are used to the limit, it is essential to include reliability and robustness with respect to material and process scatter in the optimization objective. Hence, in robust optimization uncontrolled variation of relevant parameters is included in the optimization of products and processes. Ideally, full statistical distributions of parameters, including correlations, are used. In other cases, such as e.g. specified manufacturing tolerances, minimum and maximum values are used. Robust optimization requires a large amount of direct simulations and therefore often meta-models or reduced order models are required to limit calculation times. The goal is to obtain safely operated and economically viable products and processes, where ‘products’ can also relate to engineered materials and surfaces.


CHAIRS Chairs are entities within the Department with specific research themes, and education, headed by a professor or a deputy. The Department of MS3 hosts the chair of (in random order):

• Mechanics of Polymeric Materials (MPM) headed by Prof.dr.ir. L.E. Govaert(3)

• Elastomer Technology and Engineering (ETE) headed by Prof.dr. A. Blume(2)

• Precision Engineering (PE) headed by Prof.dr.ir. D.M. Brouwer PDEng (4)

• Laser Processing (LP) headed by Prof.dr.ir. G.R.B.E. Römer(1)

• Production Technology (PT) headed by Prof.dr.ir. R. Akkerman(3)

• Nonlinear Solid Mechanics (NSM) headed by Prof.dr.ir. A.H. van den Boogaard(4)

• Structural Dynamics, Acoustics & Control (SDAC) headed by Prof.dr.ir. A. de Boer(4)

• Dynamics Based Maintenance (DBM) headed by Prof.dr.ir. T. Tinga(4)

• Surface Technology and Tribology (STT) headed by Prof.dr.ir. D.J. Schipper(1)

• Skin Tribology (ST) headed by Prof.dr.ir. E. van der Heide(1)

• Tribology Based Maintenance (TBM) headed by Prof.dr.ir. P.M. Lugt(1)

all of which are briefly described on the following pages.

Secretaries: 1. Mrs. Bruinink, Email: [email protected], Phone: +31 (53)4895630 2. Mrs. Ter Horst, Email: [email protected], Phone: +31 (53)4894621 3. Mrs. Tjapkes, Email: [email protected]., Phone: +31 (53)4892502 4. Mrs. Zimmerman van Woesik, Email: [email protected], Phone:

+31 (53)4892460

mailto:[email protected]





CHAIR OF MECHANICS OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. L.E. Govaert

Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pt/

The mechanical performance of polymers depends strongly on the processing conditions experienced during shaping of the product. These effects can be related to structure formation (crystalisation), physical aging (amorphous glasses), molecular or microstructural orientation (e.g. of embedded fibers). As a result, the mechanical properties of polymer components ussually display a spatial variation throughout the part. Within the chair MPM we intend to develop predictive tools that allow direct, quantitative assessment of the processing-property link. With respect to mechanical properties, the main focus is on long-term performance (fatigue, impact after prelonged use). Apart from the influence of processing, we also consider the influence of chances in the specifications of the polymer grade (e.g. co-polymerization, molecular weight distribution).

Mechanics of Polymeric Materials connects Applied Mechanics with Material Science in exciting research projects close to industrial practice. The group operates closely together with the Production Technology group.

variation of strength and modulus in an injection-moulded product due to changes in fiber orientation

rrr

variation of structure and performance in an injection-moulded sheet of HDPE

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pt/


CHAIR OF ELASTOMER TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING

Headed by: prof.dr. A. Blume Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/ete/

Research in this chair aims at the development of innovative elastomeric materials including process design. A wide choice of elastomeric materials is found in cars, e.g. a BMW 7 contains 69 kg! By far the most important elastomeric part is the tire.

The reduction of CO2 generation is currently a hot topic. A tire label was introduced in 2012 in Europe, which regulates the rolling resistance of a tire: a lower rolling resistance results in a reduced fuel consumption and consequently in a lower CO2 emision. Furthermore, wet traction and noise emission are also labelled. As a consequence, one of the main focus points of Elastomeric

Technology and Engineering is the development of innovative materials for tires in order to improve these tire properties, which represent safety, durability and sustainability of transportation. The properties of a tire are governed by the dynamic properties of the rubber, and these properties on their turn are determined by the single components of this composite material such as polymers, fillers and the crosslinking network.

Elastomers in a car (D. Kyriacos: Polymers in Cars, GEM-CHEM)

EU tire label (http://www.europarl.europa.eu)

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/ete/


Biomaterials play a paramount role in the research, as about half of the elastomers currently used is natural rubber. Oils used as plasticisers are traditionally of mineral origin, but replacing them by ‘green’ oils is also an issue. Biomaterials in rubber (http://www.4us2be.com/cars-transport)

Another important research area are cradle-to-cradle loops of rubber. Again, this R&D work is mainly driven by tires: worldwide, about 800.000.000 of tires are scrapped annually, that is a pile 2/3 to the moon! One of the latest applications for used tire rubber is infill for soccer fields, but even if all socccer fields are filled with rubber granulate from tires, there is still a vast quantity of used tires left.

Therefore new recycling loops for rubber are required, and in our chair devulcanization processes for different rubber types are developed for re-utlization of the material in their original application. Artificial turf for soccer fields (http://www.lesuco.be)

Other research activities of ETE for innovative materials are e.g. surface modifications for improved adhesion between reinforcing materials and matrix, and development of sealings resistant to different media. Prediction of property changes of rubber during service life is another aspect, which is approached by modeling based on accelerated aging experiments. In terms of process design, new technologies are developed in order to replace conventional process steps by more efficient and environmentally-friendly processes. Besides, existing rubber manufacturing processes such as mixing or extrusion are improved for e.g. higher efficiency and lower variations.

Illegal used tire storage (http://timethemoment.files.wordpress.com)

Plasma treatment of reinforcing cord materials


CHAIR OF PRECISION ENGINEERING

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. D.M. Brouwer PDEng. Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pe

The growing demand from the strong Dutch High-tech Systems Industry introduces new challenges for positioning mechanisms. These positioning systems are more and more used in extreme environments, like ultra violet light sources (ASML), electron beams (Thermo Fisher Scientific), vacuum or cryogenic conditions. In addition there is an ongoing drive towards miniaturizing and ever increasing speed and precision. The research is a combination of mainly design principles and efficient non-linear computer modelling, and recently topology optimization methods and additive manufacturing techniques. Although many of the principles developed for precision engineering originate from the high tech systems industry, many of the principles can be used to develop other research areas such as robotics and MEMS.

Flexures and Constraint-based design are at the focal point of the research within the chair of Precision Engineering.

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pe


Example projects are: Flexures: Large range of motion flexures for precision applications and for robotic and prosthesis applications (fully flexure-based prosthetic hand).

Mechanisms: industrial positioning mechanisms for Thermo Fisher Scientific, ASML, Hittech, Demcon Advanced Mechatronics.

MEMS: micro-positioning stages, valves

Robotics: parallel kinematic shoulder joints, hopping mechanisms, humanoid head


CHAIR OF LASER PROCESSING Headed by: prof.dr.ir. G.R.B.E. Römer Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/lp

Research of the Chair of Applied Laser Tech-nology focuses on the development and appli-cation of technology for laser materials proces-sing. To that end, the fundamentals of laser-ma-terial interaction is studied and subsequently processes are improved by the development and exploitation of sensing and monitoring and/or real time feedback control. Research is currently mainly focused on (i) Micro- and nano processing using ultra short pulsed laser sources with pulse durations in the femto and pico-second regime, and (ii) Real-time control strategies for laser cladding and welding. Laser micro and nano processing The production of micro- and nano-structured surfaces with femto- and pico-second pulsed laser ablation is an emerging and promising technique for which continuously new ap-plications are encountered that may result in completely new devices. It is e.g. applied to metal master surfaces that are subsequently used for reproduction by injection moulding or rolling to produce super-hydrophobic mass products. In addition research is conducted into the physical aspects of the interaction of ultra short laser pulses with materials. In general the results will contribute to bridging the micro – nano manufacturing gap. Many nano manufacturing processes are based on lithographic techniques that have driven the silicon wafer industry, but increasingly the new drive is for low cost, high precision products based on non-silicon materials like polymers, ceramics, and metals. The need to structure these materials in the size range 100 nm – 10 µm, has led to the development of a new range of process technologies

Master student in laser laboratory.

Example of lasertexture used for

superhydrofobic & anti-ice surface


and laser micromachining is one of them. Miniaturization and high precision are rapidly becoming a requirement of many industrial processes and products. As a result, there is great interest in the use of laser micro fabrication approaches to achieve these goals. A next step will be the development of laser assisted deposition of patterned layers, which is a Precision Additive Manufacturing (aka 3D printing) technology. Real-time control strategies for laser cladding and welding The quality of clad layers is modelled by considering residual stresses in clad layers and substrate material. Experimentally, the melt pool width is measured with a CMOS camera. These measurements are used to control the heat input to guarantee good-quality clad layers as required by industry. Optical sensors are developed to monitor the welding process and sensor data are related to the quality of the realized welds. A feedback controller uses these data to adjust the laser power and/or welding speed in real time. Modelling of the unsteady physical phenomena in the weld pool (keyhole) is essential for a better understanding of the process, interpretation of the sensor data, and development of new sensor concepts. Laser machining is a highly automated contactless process at high speed. The moving parts of the system have to be designed with low reduced masses. In case of 3D products often complex 5-axis movements are required. The theme robotics and machine dynamics is ad-dressed to tracking control of robotic mani-pulators for instance for laser welding of three dimensional seams in sheet metal or for other industrial processes. The main challenge is to obtain the required accuracy at high speed.

Robotized laser welding.

Laser cladding in progress.


CHAIR OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. R. Akkerman Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pt ‘Processing’ and ‘Product performance’ of polymer based composites and lightweight alloys in structural applications are the main research themes of the Production Technology group. In our view processing and performance can be optimized after thorough analysis and modeling in combination with a solid experimental program. The experimental program identifies the operating mechanisms, establishes relevant material property data for the modeling steps and provides data to test the accuracy of the proposed models. An integral approach is pursued, taking into account the interrelations between the geometric design, the production process and the material properties.

Part of the groups’ research activities is carried out in close cooperation with the ThermoPlastic composites Research Centre (TPRC); an open research centre founded by Boeing, Fokker, TenCate and the University of Twente.

Stamp forming of thermoplastic composites

Resulting product with wrinkles at edges

Result of numerical simulation of process

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/pt


CHAIR OF NONLINEAR SOLID MECHANICS

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. A.H. van den Boogaard Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/nsm In forming processes the 3 standard types of nonlinearities in solid mechanics are combined: nonlinear material behaviour, large deformations and contact conditions. Research is focussed on material modelling, algorithm development and process op-timization. In the field of biomechanics, the group has a focus on nonlinear material behaviour like fracturing of bone and large deformation response of soft tissue. Experience on nonlinear solid mechanics is used in collaboration with specialised biomechanical groups.

Failure analysis of a hip joint

Analysis of mould for extrusion

Biaxial tester

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/nsm


CHAIR OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, ACOUSTICS &

CONTROL Headed by: prof.dr.ir. A. de Boer Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/sdac

Research in this chair aims at model-based design of high performance products and production and motion systems. Focus of this research is on the mechanical design, motion control and the modeling of both. For the latter model reduction methods and theories on Flexible Multi Body Dynamics coupled with other physical phenomena are developed (FMBD+). For example, for advanced production equipment for the semiconductor industry or for advanced inspection equipment like electron microscopes, innovative designs are required using a combination of actuation, sensing, mechanisms and control strategies. For performance optimization the mechanisms and control systems (e.g. in the field of robotics) require fast but accurate FMBD+ models. Another important SDAC research topic concerns the optimisation of the dynamic be-haviour of large and complex structures. In the field of acoustics the research is focused on fluid-structure interaction and passive and active methods on sound reduction.

Diffraction of sound due to resonators

Numerical and experimental

analysis of tyre-road interaction

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/sdac


Active vibration suppression of

rotating system A parallel flexure-based

robotic manipulator

Flexible Multi Body Dynamics coupled with water

Model reduction and sub structuring


CHAIR OF DYNAMICS BASED MAINTENANCE

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. Tiedo Tinga (also working part-time at the Netherlands De-

fence Academy in Den Helder) Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/dbm Methods and sensing concepts are developed to utilize information of the dynamic

behaviour (structural vibrations, wave propagation) of systems for the identification,

localization and characterization of damage. The methods are applied to support

maintenance decisions. Research is also focused on the development of physical failure

models and their application in predictive maintenance concepts. Also the advanced

analysis of failure data and the development of maintenance optimization methods are

addressed.

Wireless structural health monitoring

Detection AND actuation

using piezo patches

Damage detection using ultrasonic sensors

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/dbm


CHAIR OF SURFACE TECHNOLOGY AND TRIBOLOGY

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. D.J. Schipper Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/stt/ The subject high tech systems deals with contacts in mechanical systems operating in extreme environments, i.e. low temperature, high temperature as well as low pressure (e.g. vacuum systems) and high pressure environments (i.e. deep sea mining). Although these contacts may appear very different, there are many similarities. In order to realize such contacts, ceramics, polymers, dedicated coatings and surface treatments are re-quired instead of metallic surfaces lubricated with (mineral) lubricants. If contacts are lubricated, typically solid lubricants are used. The research is performed by a combination of modelling and experiments in these extreme environments. The subject energy is a big societal theme which gets a lot of attention nowadays to produce energy in a sustainable way. Efficient use of the available energy is of importance. Therefore attention is paid to reduce frictional losses and waste of components, which results in less loss of materials and energy to make these components.

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/stt/


CHAIR OF SKIN TRIBOLOGY Headed by: prof.dr.ir. E. van der Heide Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/stt/

Product development and engineering technology for health care, sports and medical applications rely on innovation in simulation and visualization techniques that can predict e.g. the human perception of products as a function of design optimization parameters. Understanding the interaction of human skin and product surfaces requires a thorough knowledge of the tribological phenomena occurring at the interface between the human skin and the product surface. Within this theme, research on contact models is conducted focusing on the viscoelastic response of human tissue, on tissue deformation at the scale of mechanoreceptors, and focusing on the thermal aspects. Understanding and predicting friction is as important as creating the tools to influence friction. Friction control is required for constant performance of medical tools like catheters, endoscopes and cytoscopes that interact with human tissue. Human tissue tribology requires in vivo, subject and anatomical location specific test methods. Such tools are developed within ongoing research projects.



CHAIR OF TRIBOLOGY BASED MAINTENANCE

Headed by: prof.dr.ir. P.M. Lugt Website: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/ms3/research-chairs/stt/ The subjects that are addressed in Tribology-Based Maintenance are related to

durability and reliability of grease lubricated bearings. The developed knowledge should

contribute to the development of life/reliability models that can be used to predict

maintenance intervals. Our research is focussed on lubricating grease performance.

This lubricant is a semi-solid material with complex rheology (visco-elastic, shear

thinning, thixotropic). The material consists of a thickener forming a matrix (15%)

containing lubricating oil and additives (85%). The competence in terms of grease

lubrication lies mainly in the application of “Physics and Chemistry of Fluids” and lies on

the interface between tribology/lubrication, fluid dynamics and rheology.

Examples of projects are “shear degradation of the soap matrix in grease”, “elasto-

hydrodynamic lubrication and starvation”, “model for soap-oil phase separation based

on porosity”, “the flow properties of grease”, “(micro-) flow based on capillary action”,

“evaporation of oil from thin layers”, “the impact of water on lubricity of greases”, “design

of a rolling bearing tests rig to measure film thickness”, “film thickness measurements in

rolling bearings”, “model for leakage of grease from rolling bearings”, “droplet formation

in the exit of EHL contacts”.

.



EDUCATION The Department of MS3 contributes to the Bachelor-, Master-, PDEng- and PhD-programme within the faculty of Engineering Technology. BACHELOR PROGRAMMES Within the Bachelor programmes Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Design, the chairs within MS3 do provide numerous courses. For detailed information the reader is referred to: https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/education/current-students/

MASTER PROGRAMMES

Mechanical Engineering Details of the Master programme of Mechanical Engineering (ME) can be found at https://www.utwente.nl/en/me/

MS3 is one of the specialisations that students enrolled in the Master of Mechanical Engineering can choose. Master students of MS3 have to choose 20+5 EC from the general profile courses. The rest are 20 EC from the department related courses and 15 EC (specialisation related) elective courses. The best course package is a personal package, which can be discussed with dr.ir. J.P. Schilder or one of the Chairs. Courses provided by the Department of MS3 in the first year are: Notes: 1= obligatory for R&D profile, 2= obligatory for D&C profile I. Department “profile” courses:

• 2Numerical methods in mechanical engineering (NMME) for R&D and D&C.

• 1Linear solid mechanics for R&D

• 1Solids and surfaces for R&D

• 1System identification and parameter estimation for R&D

• 2Design, production and materials (DPM) for D&C

• 2Design principles for precision mechanisms (DPPM) for D&C II. Department related courses:

• Plastic and Elastomer Engineering

• Experimental methods

https://www.utwente.nl/en/et/education/current-students/

https://www.utwente.nl/en/me/


• Dynamics and control

• Computational structural optimization

• Nonlinear solid mechanics III. Free to choose/elective courses (related to the research Chairs):

• Elastomer Technology and Engineering (ETE): o Elastomeric Technology o Elastomer Technology Engineering – Capita Selecta

• Production Technology (PT): o Composites o Rheology and Processing of Thermoplastics o Composites Forming o Moulding Technology o Production Technology - Capita Selecta

• Nonlinear Solid Mechanics (NSM) & Structural Dynamics, Acoustics & Control (SDAC) & Dynamics Based Maintenance (DBM) & Precision Engineering (PE):

o Engineering Acoustics o Motion and Vibration Control o Dynamics of Machines o Structural Health & Condition monitoring o Signal Processing for Acoustics & Vibrations o Applied Mechanics – Capita Selecta

• Surface Technology and Tribology (STT), Skin Tribology (ST) & Tribology Based Maintenance (TBM) & Applied Laser Technology (ALT):

o Surface Technology o Tribology o Failure mechanisms & life prediction o Laser Material Processing o Surface Technology and Tribology - Capita Selecta

The 2nd year of the MS3 MSc-ME includes an internship & a master assignment in one of the research chairs..

Industrial Design Engineering

Details of the Master programme of Industrial Design Engineering (IDE) can be found at https://www.utwente.nl/en/ide/

Students enrolled on the Master of Industrial Design Engineering have to choose between three Master specializations. Each specialization contains a number of core courses that reflect its central concerns and a Master’s project that reflects the nature of the specialization. Students have the opportunity to participate in a wider selection of

https://www.utwente.nl/en/ide/


Industrial Design Engineering courses and some electives beyond the programme. In other words, Master students have ample opportunity to personalize their programme. The IDE Master students of MS3 have selected the Emerging Technology Design (ETD) specialization. This specialization has several programmes of which the following programmes are connected to MS3:

• Advanced Materials Engineering (AME) – prof.dr.ir. R. Akkerman

• Product and Surfaces (ProSurf) – prof.dr.ir. E. van der Heide

• Structural Dynamics, Acoustics and Control (SDAC) – prof.dr.ir. A. de Boer

IDE-ETD Master students of MS3 have to choose 20 EC from the MS3 technology oriented courses that are connected to the specialization.

For Advanced Materials Engineering (AME):

• Composites

• Design, Production & Materials

• Elastomer Science & Engineering

• Rheology and Processing of Thermoplastics

• Plastic and Elastomer Engineering

• Experimental Methods

• Durability of Consumer Products

• Surface Technology

For Products and Surfaces

• Design of surfaces C.S.

• Durability of Consumer Products

• Design of Surfaces for Comfort and Touch

• Surface Engineering for Look and Feel

For Structural Dynamics, Acoustics & Control (SDAC):

• Engineering Acoustics

• Systems & Control

• Dynamics 2

• Design Principles for Precision Mechanisms

• Dynamics & Control

• Introduction to FEM

• Experimental Methods


The rest are the two mandatory courses Sources of Innovation and Surface Engineering for Look and Feel 10 EC and at least 4 courses and 25 EC to be selected from the general IDE courses such as.

▪ Design Histories ▪ Scenario Based Product Design ▪ Evolutionary Product Development ▪ Create the Future ▪ Design Management ▪ Product Life Cycle ▪ Intellectual Property in Product Development

The remaining 20 EC consists of elective courses. Which could be other IDE courses, other technology courses, more technology courses within chosen technology direction and max 10 EC at other university. The best course package is a personal package, which can be discussed with prof.dr.ir. E. van der Heide or one of the Chairs.

The 2nd year of the MS3 MSc-IDE includes a master assignment within one of the MS3 research chairs. PDEng. PROGRAMME MS3 contributes to the PDEng programmes “Robotica”, “Maintenance” and “Energy & Process Technology” which are two year technical design programmes. PhD PROGRAMME Contribution to courses related to the Twente Graduate School (TGS) and the National Graduate Schools (Engineering Mechanics, DISC).


EXAMPLE ME COURSE PACKAGES

Based on the chosen profile there are compulsory courses and elective course. Below are two random examples of course packages (total 120 EC minimum) one for the D&C profile and one for the R&D profile.

Part Course EC

Compulsory profile Courses

Design principles for precision mechanisms Design, production and materials Numerical methods in mechanical engineer Process Equipment Design

5 5 5 5

Profile elective course System identification and parameter estimation 5

Compulsory department related courses

Computational structural optimization Dynamics & Control Nonlinear Solid Mechanics Plastic and Elastomer Engineering

5 5 5 5

Elective courses Elastomeric Technology Rheology and Processing of Thermoplastics Structural Health & Condition Monitoring

5 5 5

Internship Internship 20

MSc Assignment MSc Assignment 40

Part Course EC

Compulsory profile Courses

System identification and parameter estimation Linear Solid Mechanics Solids and surfaces Fluid Dynamics

5 5 5 5

Profile elective course Design principles for precision mechanisms 5

Compulsory department related courses

Computational structural optimization Dynamics & Control Experimental Methods Plastic and Elastomer Engineering

5 5 5 5

Elective subjects Laser Materials Processing Motion and Vibration Control Surface Technology

5 5 5

Internship Internship 20

MSc Assignment MSc Assignment 40


WHAT WE OFFER TO MSc STUDENTS

Education and research at the Department of MS3 are strongly related. That means that the latest research results are included in our Master courses and in our Master assignments.

We can assist in finding traineeships within our international network.

Master students are involved in activities related to the wide research themes of the Department. The work is closely linked to national and international innovative Industries, as well as to other research institutes. Master-assignments are usually part of ongoing research projects or collaborative research programs, and could be carried out externally. Most assignments are a well-balanced mix between analysis, (theoretical) modeling and experimental work. During the project students are coached by the permanent and/or temporary staff of the Department. See the next pages for some examples of typical Master assignments which are (or were recently) carried out at the Department.

Some staff, junior staff and Master students during a company visit.


EXAMPLES OF MASTER ASSIGNMENTS

Some typical Master assignments, which are (or were recently) carried out at the Department, are presented below. STEFAN OOSTERIK- DYNAMICS OF A HELICOPTER ROTOR By monitoring the dynamics (vibrations) of a helicopter blade, with use of on-blade wireless sensors, it might be possible to detect and locate damage. However, since the rotor has such a complex behavior, where rotational dynamics is combined with aerodynamics and elastic composite blades, a good understanding of the dynamic behavior is needed to recognize this damage. The purpose of my research is to improve the understanding of this complex dynamics and to develop a numerical model which can aid in the design a monitoring strategy for helicopter rotors.

ARNOUT OLDENBURGER- PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF TIRE TREAD

EXTRUSION

The tread of a car tire is one of the many extruded parts of a tire. The extrusion process is a complex process, where material properties play an important role. The most important parameter, that directly influences the temperature and pressure in an extruder, is the Mooney

viscosity. This material property and the influence on the extrusion process can be explained by the performance triangle of extrusion. This states that a balance between output, homogeneity and temperature has to be found. To optimize the process, and to decrease the variations in dimensions of the extrudate, all these parameters and the handling of the extrudate by the control need to be understood. This project aimed at reducing the amount of variation in tread dimensions and to increase the capability of this process. To really being able to improve the performance of the process it was necessary to understand the relation between material properties together with the


extrudate behavior and the role of the downstream equipment. This resulted in recommendations that were both material and mechanical related. This improvement project was able to decrease the dimensional variation and to increase the capability and performance of the process.

HARM VISSER – DESIGN CURRENT COLLECTOR Network managers and train operating companies are expected to provide a very reliable train service on modern railway networks. Although not occurring frequently, catenary wires brake as a result of the interaction between the catenary and the sliding current collector mounted on the train. It appears that the onset of events leading to catenary wire breaks lies in sudden changes in contact wire height or catenary elasticity. If this changes are not gradually enough the current collector is not able to follow the contact wires, leading to either increasing contact force, contact loss or even collisions between the catenary and the current collector. Discharges due to contact loss are reported to have detrimental effects on both the contact wires and the current collector. I proposed a design of a current collector that is able to follow the contact wire trajectory, thereby preventing the issues that lead to catenary wire breaks. The design consists of the deformable roller that prevents both from contact loss and impact forces due to collisions. This roller is mounted on a special suspension that compensates the fluctuations of the contact force.

GREEN TIRES: THE CHALLENGE OF BRINGING NATURAL RUBBER AND SILICA

TOGETHER

The ‘green tire’ of Michelin owes its name from the fact that the fuel consumption of a vehicle equipped with these tires is significantly reduced compared to the conventional carbon black filled tires. In this type of tires, silica - a sophisticated form of sand - is used as a filler, so the tires could literally have a green color. Silica needs a compatibilizer for good adhesion of the reinforcing filler to the polymer in the composite. For passenger car tires based on styrene-butadiene rubber, this technology is well elaborated and state-of-the-art since the 1990’s, but truck tires pose a challenge: The main elastomer used for truck tires is natural rubber, a biopolymer with a lot of advantages but also some shortcomings.

http://www.dairyherd.com/news_editorial.asp?pgID=675&ed_id=7979


The latter are mainly caused by it’s natural origin, as the elastomer contains non-rubber components, and these components tend to interfere with the filler system. The aim of this MSc project was to elucidate in which way the non-rubber constituents interfere with the silica filler system, and to which extent the system works when the non-rubber components are removed.

MARK WORKUM - LASER TEXTURED SOLAR CELLS For my Masters thesis I have been trying to improve the efficiency of solar cells by creating tiny micro structures with a short pulse laser. The group has its own clean room equipped with lasers capable of processing structures

under 20m. I use these lasers myself and experimentally create the solar cells whose shape I optimized with MATLAB. The staff helped me with contacts at TNO and the University of Delft, who are actually creating fully operating solar cells from the structures I created in the lab. After my graduation I started as a PhD in the field of Photo Voltaics (solar cells).

KEVIN VOSS – CABLE DRIVEN MANIPULATOR

The cleaning of large glass building surfaces is expensive, due to the human labor involved. In addition, because of advances in architecture, an increasing number of modern buildings have curved, non-flat surfaces. My project aims at developing a device which is able to autonomously clean very large, free-form surfaces. I have built and tested a small-scale model of the device to prove its feasibility. As part of my project, I have written and submitted a scientific paper. Because the concept of the device is new, a patent application has been filed.

MICHIEL BEIJEN – SENSOR FUSION BASED CONTROL


The objective of my Master project is to study the implementation of a feedback control strategy based on sensor fusion for vibration isolation platforms. Sensor fusion means that two (or more) sensor signals are merged into one signal. This signal contains more information than the separate signals. Both a single-axis and a multi-axis setup are available to test the control strategy. The assignment is under supervision of a PhD student and a member of the staff.

Experimental

setup


NIELS CONSTEN - MODULE TO DETECT SPEAKER MALFUNCTIONING The objective of my master thesis is to continue the development of an in-line test module for detection of malfunctioning mobile speakers. Nowadays, those speakers are tested in anechoic rooms with one single microphone. Such tests are sample based, not automated and time consuming. With the new module an impedance tube with multiple microphones is used to solve appointed issues. To this purpose acoustic behaviour inside an anechoic box and an impedance tube is investigated to develop assessment parameters for an impedance tube measurement as these are prescribed for anechoic rooms only.

JORIS WOLTERS – HELICOPTER ROTATING BLADE SYSTEM The objective for my master’s thesis is to build a demonstrator which represents the complexity a helicopter rotating blade system. This demonstrator will be used to test on-blade monitoring strategies with wireless sensors. Rotating blade systems are complex structures, because it has many relevant internal degrees of freedom, which have some sort of coupling with each other due to the rotation and the aerodynamics. The demonstrator will not be rotating, but it should be able to display the relevant degrees of freedom.


INDUSTRIAL CO-OPERATION

The Department of MS3 co-operates with numerous (inter)national industrial partners and organisations in research and/or application projects. A few are listed (in random order) on this and the next page.

http://www.bronkhorst.com/

http://www.fei.com/default.aspx

http://www.mst.nl/

http://www.nxp.com/

http://www.tycoelectronics.com/

http://www.coherent.com/index.cfm

http://www.emersonindustrial.com/en-en/controltechniques/Pages/home.aspx

http://www.baatmedical.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=11&lang=en

http://www.google.nl/imgres?imgurl=http://packaging.informous.com/system/logos/509/thumb/blueprint_automation_logo.png?1297182605&imgrefurl=http://packaging.informous.com/companies/509-blueprint-automation-inc&usg=__6jAq0nuXjYjgydoS6s68cyrZQAw=&h=68&w=225&sz=12&hl=en&start=3&zoom=1&tbnid=pvvM7D2GS6sdOM:&tbnh=33&tbnw=108&ei=Jo2ETvyxNcaCOsLhhNUB&prev=/search?q=blueprint+automation+logo&hl=en&sa=X&rlz=1T4GGLJ_enNL291NL292&tbm=isch&prmd=ivns&itbs=1

http://awl.nl/awl_nl_-_keeps_you_ahead_in_automated_welding.aspx


LABORATORIES

The Department hosts several state-of-the-art laboratories where scientific theories are validated. These labs include: an acoustic/dynamic lab, tribology labs, rubber lab, mechanics lab, microscopy & analysis lab, composite materials lab and laser labs. Here, real industrial applications of the research outcomes are developed. Staff, technicians and Master students work jointly in these labs. Below is a description of a few of these labs as well as the equipment these labs host. LASER-MICRO-LAB This clean-room hosts several (ultra) short laser pulse laser sources for micro-machining. It also hosts the required high speed and highly accurate mechatronic systems and product manipulators, to allow accurate machining at high speed.

Trumpf pico-second laser with scanner Coherent femto-second laser with xy-stage LASER-MACRO-LAB

The macro-lab houses several robots, ma-nipulators, stages and other mechatronic systems. Some of these are combined with a 4kW laser source, for ap-plication development. This lab also hosts (not shown) the setups for Vibration con-trol, Dynamic Balancing Control of robots and laser cladding.


ARAMIS ARAMIS is an Optical Deformation and Strain Measurement System, which is an optical technique used to measure the deformation strain of the surface of an object before and after loading. ARAMIS recognizes the surface structure of the measuring object in digital camera images and allocates coordinates to the image pixels. To enhance the image analysis, a random speckle pattern is applied using a spray paint.

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSER (DMA) This equipment is used to measure the viscoelastic properties of a material. The technique consists of applying an oscillating strain to a sample and measuring the resulting stress developed in the sample.

DYNATUP FALLING WEIGHT IMPACT MACHINE

The Dynatup 8250 Instrumented Falling Weight Impact Machine (IFWIM) is a component impact tester. (see also Instron-Dynatup). This machine is versatile, as far as the capacity is concerned (low to high impact energy), as well as the specimen geometry. Beam like specimens can be tested, as well as plates and more complex geometries. A data acquisition system based on an oscilloscope is used to monitor force and mass displacement.


INSTRON 8516 FATIGUE SYSTEM The Instron 8516 testing machine is a servo-hydraulic controlled fatigue system. Similarly to a universal testing machine, a broad range of mechanical testing is possible.


CONTACT

For more information about the Department Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces & Systems (MS3) and its chairs the following persons can be contacted. Of course students are encouraged to pop in for more information. General chair of the Department: Prof.dr.ir. D.J. Schipper

Secretary: Mrs. Bruinink Email: [email protected] Phone: +31 (53) 4895630

Educational matters & primary contact for ME students: Dr.ir. J.P. Schilder Secretary: Mrs. Zimmerman van Woesik Email: [email protected]

Phone: +31 (53) 4892460 Primary contact for IDE students:: Prof.dr.ir. E. van der Heide


Coordinator research & primarily contact for industry: Prof.dr.ir. G.R.B.E. Römer


FULL ADDRESS UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE. Faculty of Engineering Technology (ET) Department Mechanics of Solids, Surfaces & Systems (MS3) Horst building N106, P.O. BOX 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands WEBSITE Check out our website http://www.utwente.nl/en/et/MS3/ for even more information.

http://www.utwente.nl/en/et/MS3/


MECHANICS OF SOLIDS, SURFACES & SYSTEMS

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Version Spring 2019

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