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PATROL FUNDAMENTALS

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PATROL

Definition:

A detachment sent out from a larger unit to perform an assigned mission of gathering information, carrying out a harassing or destructive combat mission or a security mission.

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PATROL

-PURPOSE

•Commander needs current information.

•Ddestroy enemy installations

•Capture enemy

•Security

•Prevent the enemy from gaining information

•Maintain contact with enemy or friendly

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TYPES OF PATROLCLASSIFICATIONS

•Mission

•Means of Movement

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CLASSIFIED AS MISSION

ReconnaissanceRouteAreaZone

Combat (CARS)ContactAmbushRaidSecurity

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CLASSIFIED AS MOVEMENT

Foot

Motorized

Waterborne

Helicopterborne

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PATROL ORGANIZATION

Reconnaissance Patrol Headquarters Reconnaissance Security

Combat Patrol Headquarters Security Element Support Element Assault Element

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SQUAD SIZE PATROL FORMATION

Direction of

Movement

R

A

R

R

CVRSUL

ANAV

LF

RF

PL

ARTO

APL

AULSEC.UNIT

HQUNIT

ASSLT UNIT

FIGURE 1

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PATROL ORGANIZATION (CONT)

Special Organization Reconnaissance and Security

teams Assault and Demo teams Search and EPW teams Any other team by mission

requirements

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INDIVIDUAL TASKS

Assistant Patrol Leader

Radio Operator

Navigator

Pacemen

Flanks

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PATROL STEPS

A. Study the missionB. Plan use of timeC. Study terrain/situationD. Organize patrolE. Select men, weapons, and

equipmentF. Issue warning orderG. CoordinateH. Make reconnaissanceI. Complete detailed plansJ. Issue patrol orderK. Supervise, inspect, rehearseL. Execute mission

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STUDY THE MISSION

Make notes Implied missions Identify missions for

teams/units within patrol

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PLAN USE OF TIME

Establish timeline Reverse planning Publish in warning order

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STUDY TERRAIN/SITUATION

Friendly/enemy Situations Disposition Strengths Capabilities

How these factors influence: Route Organization Weapons/equipment Additional Personnel

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ORGANIZE THE PATROL

Determine units/teams required to accomplish essential tasks

General HQ, security, support, assault

Special Search and EPW handling Demolition Navigation As needed by mission

requirements

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ISSUE WARNING ORDER

Issues to all patrol members, including attachments, if possible

Minimum, issue to unit leaders

Post in squad/platoon area

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WARNING ORDER CONTENTS

Situation Mission General Instructions Specific Instructions

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Warning Order Contents (cont)

General Instructions General/Special Organization Uniform/Equipment common

to all Weapons, Ammo, Equipment Chain of Command Timeline

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WARNING ORDER CONTENTS (CONT)

Specific Instructions To subordinate leaders

Drawing of ammo Leader’s recon Any special preparation (I.E. stream

crossing) Special purpose teams/key

individuals Point men Pacers EPW/Search Teams Any other mission essential team

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COORDINATION

Movement in friendly areas Depart/Re-entry of friendly

lines Fire support Logistics support

Medevac procedures

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MAKE RECONNAISSANCE

Physical recon of route, if possible, usually not possible

Map recon Utilize available intelligence

assets/information

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS

5-paragraph order Must address:

Specific duties of elements, teams, individuals

Primary/Alternate route Conduct of patrol

Formation/order of movement Depart/re-entry of friendly lines Rally points/actions at rally points Final Preparation Position and actions

at FPP Objective rally point and actions at

ORP

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS

(CONT)

Conduct of patrol (cont)Actions at danger areasActions on enemy contactActions at objectiveActions on withdrawal from

objective Arms and Ammunition Uniform and Equipment Wounded and Prisoners Signals

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COMPLETE DETAILED PLANS

(CONT)

Communication Challenge and password Location of leaders/Chain of

command

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ISSUE PATROL ORDER

Build a terrain model All members present Receive status from the unit

leaders Give orientation Issue entire order Conclude with questions

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Supervise

Constant and continuous

Ensures success of patrol

Conducted even when the patrol leader and patrol members are experienced in patrolling

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INSPECT

Determines state of readiness of men

Just before rehearsals Look for:

Prescribed uniform, weapons, equipment

CamouflageSilencing of gear ID tags/Geneva convention

cardsAny unnecessary items

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INSPECT (CONT)

Patrol leader questions Mission, route, fire support Responsibilities, when he

performs them Other members responsibilities Challenge/Password, call signs,

frequencies, code words, reporting times, and any other pertinent details

Always conduct another inspection when time permits

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REHEARSE

Ensure all members of patrol know what exactly they are to do in any situation

Prioritize:1. Actions on objective2. Actions on enemy contact3. Crossing danger areas4. Etc.

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Execution

Exiting friendly lines Patrol moves to Assembly Area Forward unit coordination Request guide if needed Return to get patrol Patrol moves out in tactical

column Nearing Passage Point patrol

moves into dispersed file PL requests permission to

depart friendly lines

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EXITING FRIENDLY LINES

CONTACT GUIDE

FEBAFEBA

RANGER FILE FORMATION

XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

APERSMINEFIELDS

Out side small arms rangeConduct Short Security HaltConduct Head count

CONDUCT HEAD COUNT

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EXITING FRIENDLY LINES

APL moves to front of column, behind guide

Once through the barrier plan, APL counts out members of patrol through exit of barrier plan

Transition to tactical column and move out

Conduct security halt outside the range of direct weapons from defense

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CONTROL MEASURES

Check Points Track Progress Coordinated with higher prior to

departure Rally Points

Where patrol regroups if necessary

Easily recognized, cover/concealment, defensible

300-500m apart along route Near and far side of danger areas

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CONTROL MEASURES (CONT)

Initial Rally Point (IRP) In friendly area

En Route Rally Point (ERP) Between the initial rallying point

and the objective rallying point Objective Rally Point (ORP)

Final prep before objective Cover/concealment Leader’s recon Release point Drop gear if not needed Patrol reassembles after mission

accomplishment

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SECURITY HALTS

Short security halt Listen for enemy Halt, face out board, attempt to

find cover,concealment Long security halt

When need to Eat, rest, send message, check

direction-anything that the patrol will be stationary for long time

From 360 perimeter, take cover Sectors of fire, LP/OP Position automatic weapons

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LONG SECURITY HALT

FIGURE 2

DIRECTIONOF

MOVEMENT

P

N

C

RFLF RO HQUNIT

LONG SECURITYHALT

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REENTRY OF FRIENDLY LINES

Long Security halt at Reentry rally point

Request permission to renter friendly lines

Move to contact point with security to meet guide

Initiate far recognition signal, the near recognition signal

PL returns to get patrol and bring to contact point

Guide leads patrol through barrier plan

PL counts patrol in with cover man to ensure there are no enemy infiltrators

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Reentry of Friendly Lines

CONTACT GUIDE

FEBAFEBA

RANGER FILE FORMATION

XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

APERSMINEFIELDS

IRP

REENTRY OF FRIENDLY LINES

CONDUCT SECURITY HALTOUTSIDE SMALL ARMS RANGE

CONTACT CP & REQUEST PERMISSION TO REENTER

CONDUCT HEAD COUNT

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DEBRIEF

PL gives Forward Unit Commander a quick sit-rep

Takes patrol to S-2 for complete debrief

Always conduct debrief as soon as possible after patrol returns