mercury and climate change
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For augmented reality project.TRANSCRIPT
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Mercury & climate change
Kriya DunlapUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks
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what do you know about mercury?
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mercury in the environment …
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biomagnification and bioaccumulation
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the risks of mercury exposure
Mercury has a strong affinity for
sulfhydryl groups (Thiol)
– S-H
H 3C-H
g+
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19th Century
Felters
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1950’s plastic factory in Minimata Bay
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Mercury levels in salmon-fed sled dogs; the potential risks and benefits of subsistence diets
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• low incidence of age and nutritional diseases
• 4.8 kg subsistence foods per week
• 60% of subsistence foods is finfish
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Village sled dogs
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wild Alaskan SALMON
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the benefits…
astaxanthin
Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω-3)
Docosahexaenoic acid (22:ω-3)
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Phospholipid membrane
Phospholipase A2
Cyclooxygenases (COX)
Prostaglandins (PG)
&
Thromboxanes (TX)
Lipoxygenases (LOX)
Leukotrienes
O
HO
O
HOArachidonic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid
-less biologically active
-poor substrate for cyclooxygenases
-gives rise to series 5 leukotrienes
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What is the mercury exposure in salmon-fed sled dogs at different location
along the Yukon River?
What are the health implications?
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Why the Yukon River?
Russian Mission
Rampart
Fort Yukon
SalchaGalena
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Russian MissionRyan Housler
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Rampart
Linda Johnson
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Galena Paddy Nolner
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Josh Cadzow
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Sci Total Environ. 2007 Oct 15;385(1-3):80-5
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Why? Life Cycle…
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Yukon River Salmon
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Health Implications of wild AK salmon?
•WHO Upper Allowable Threshold of 50 ppm (50,000 ng/g)
•EPA suggests a maximum consumption of 226 g of fish per week for a 70 kg person•Reported adverse effects as low as 300 ng/g•Russian Mission sled dogs have some of the highest reported mercury concentrations of any Alaskan mammal
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Future direction…
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Special Thank you to…
Arleigh ReynoldsJoee Reddington Jr.Paddy NolnerLinda Johnson
Josh CadzowScott CampbellNestlé PurinaINBRE
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